基于遗传算法的嵌入式共固化穿孔阻尼层复合材料结构优化

该文建立嵌入式共固化穿孔粘弹性层复合材料结构的遗传算法优化模型,采用混合编码方式对嵌入穿孔阻尼层的复合材料结构试件的粘弹性层穿孔布局进行优化,目标是在增大结构阻尼的同时尽量减少结构的刚度损失。研究结果表明：在不考虑复合材料穿孔阻尼层面积比变化对阻尼和刚度的敏感度时,最优方案是穿孔直径为2mm,孔距为9.90mm,此时阻尼层面积比为96.8%;在考虑复合材料穿孔阻尼层面积比变化对阻尼和刚度的敏感度时,最优方案是穿孔直径为2mm,孔距为9.06mm,此时阻尼层面积比为96.2%。研究结果对大阻尼高刚度嵌入式共固化复合材料阻尼构件的设计制作有重要指导意义。     

A study on material damping of 0° laminated composite sandwich cantilever beams with a viscoelastic layer

The damping behavior of a 0° laminated sandwich composite beam inserted with a viscoelastic layer is investigated. A quantitative analysis of damping in the sandwich laminated composite beam has been conducted through the theoretical method. Results showed that the viscoelastic core thickness in the sandwich beam and the length of the beam have a great effect on the damping loss factor. They also demonstrate the great capability of laminated sandwich composites with embedded viscoelastic layer to considerably enhance structural damping. It is shown that the extended Ni–Adams’ theory can be efficiently used to identify the damping characteristics of the laminated sandwich composite beam.     

On the use of discontinuous elastomer patches to optimize the damping properties of composite sandwich plates

This study investigates the optimization of a hybrid composite/elastomer sandwich plate structure using a periodical pattern of viscoelastic material. Design variables consist in the thicknesses of the layers, their fiber orientations, the position of the elastomer patches and their geometrical distribution. Damping properties of the hybrid structure are calculated by the Method of Strain Energy (MSE) and the constrained optimization maximizes these properties using the active-set algorithm. Two optimized plates containing patterns embedded or not in a composite matrix are compared with a plate damped by a continuous viscoelastic layer. Results show that optimizing composite plates with patches gives interesting results: damping properties are about ten times the properties of the plates with continuous viscoelastic layers, the patches can be sticked on the external layers of the plate and not internally, and all the strain components in elastomer are involved in damping.     

阻尼减振材料滞弹性位移场模型参数寻优及其应用

针对阻尼材料滞弹性位移场模型多参数、多目标、非线性优化问题,给出了一种粒子群算法与序列二次规划法相结合的多参数变量寻优解法,并将模型优化结果与标准流变学模型、分数导数模型及试验结果进行了比较。基于ADF数学模型建立了粘弹性集中参数系统及阻尼夹芯板结构的动力学方程,并进行了结构模态响应分析及阻尼预测。计算结果表明:该组合寻优解法不仅能得到较好的最优解,而且确定出的模型参数准确可信,优化后的ADF模型能很好的再现阻尼材料的本构特征。     

阻尼减振材料滞弹性位移场模型参数寻优及计算

针对阻尼材料滞弹性位移场模型多参数、多目标、非线性优化问题,给出了一种粒子群算法与序列二次规划法相结合的多参数变量寻优解法,并将模型优化结果与标准流变学模型、分数导数模型及试验结果进行了比较。基于ADF数学模型建立了粘弹性集中参数系统及阻尼夹芯板结构的动力学方程,并进行了结构模态响应分析及阻尼预测。计算结果表明：该组合寻优解法不仅能得到较好的最优解,而且确定出的模型参数准确可信,优化后的ADF模型能很好的再现阻尼材料的本构特征。     

嵌入式低温共固化高阻尼纤维/树脂基复合材料

通过正交试验新研制出一种可以与玻璃纤维/BA9913环氧树脂预浸料低温共固化的高阻尼黏弹性材料,提出使用四氢呋喃（THF）作为溶剂,将该高阻尼材料制成黏弹性材料溶液。采用双面刷涂工艺,将玻璃纤维/BA9913环氧树脂复合材料制成带阻尼薄膜的预浸料,按照设计的铺层根据热压罐固化工艺制成嵌入式低温共固化高阻尼复合材料试件。模态试验和层间剪切试验验证了本文所提出制作工艺和黏弹性材料组分的有效性,试件一阶模态损耗因子可达7.2%。为嵌入式低温共固化高阻尼复合材料的广泛使用奠定了基础。      

Design of multi-objective damping controller for gate-controlled series capacitor

This paper proposes an optimization procedure based on eigenvalues to carry out the stabilization function of the Gate-Controlled Series Capacitor (GCSC) in a power system. It is aimed to provide a reliable damping framework by means of a GCSC based multi-objective damping controller. The proposed method employs Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to search for optimal parameter settings of a widely used multi-objective lead-lag damping controller. The eigenvalue analysis is considered as the cornerstone of the performed studies in order to investigate the multi-objective methodology in which the unstable or lightly damped modes are scheduled to effectively shift to some prescribed stability zones in the s-plane. The effectiveness of the suggested approach in damping local and interarea oscillations modes in a multi-machine power system, over a wide range of loading conditions, is confirmed through eigenvalue analysis and time simulation.     

阻尼车轮减振参量的有限元仿真与优化设计

为有效抑制车轮振动噪声,弥补现场试验的不足,在对黏弹性阻尼材料阻尼机理研究的基础上,以S1002CN型面高速动车组车轮为分析对象,采用正交试验设计和ABAQUS有限元仿真计算相结合的方法,对阻尼车轮减振性能进行仿真优化设计,得出阻尼车轮3个主要参数对其踏面径向振动加速度影响的主次顺序和显著性,并能快速确定阻尼车轮结构参数的最优组合为:阻尼层厚度4 mm、约束层厚度1.5 mm、约束阻尼层敷设于车轮两侧。研究结果表明,黏弹性约束阻尼技术是抑制车轮高频振动的有效手段,对于黏弹性阻尼材料在低噪声车轮中的运用具有一定的理论和实际应用价值。     

附加粘弹阻尼层的薄壁构件振动问题研究综述

由于其结构”轻”和“薄”的特性,薄壁构件相对于常见厚壁构件来说更易产生振动。在薄壁构件上粘贴粘弹阻尼材料来控制其振动是一种非常有效的手段,在工程上已经得到广泛的应用。附加粘弹阻尼层的薄壁构件振动问题数十年来一直是振动工程领域研究的热点问题。特别是最近十几年取得了不少新的进展。本文简单介绍了粘弹材料的敷设形式,然后精选了2000年以来粘弹阻尼层处理的薄壁构件振动领域的七十余篇文献,分六大类总结了其研究新进展。得出的结论和展望将对未来从事这一领域的研究者们提供较有价值的参考。     

嵌入式高温共固化复合材料阻尼结构层间结合性能

使用正交实验法, 研制出满足嵌入式高温共固化复合材料阻尼结构制作工艺要求的黏弹性材料组分, 提出使用刷涂工艺代替压片工艺制备黏弹性材料薄膜, 并对两种工艺制备的碳纤维/双马来酰亚胺(T300/QY8911)复合材料试件进行层间剪切测试, 获得了薄膜厚度与层间最大剪切应力的变化关系, 实验数据表明: 刷涂工艺能提高嵌入式高温共固化复合材料阻尼结构层间结合性能10%以上, 而且阻尼层越薄, 提高幅度越大; 失效表面证明: 刷涂工艺所制得试件能在阻尼薄膜与复合材料界面间形成互穿网络结构。     

《基于声辐射模态分析粘弹性阻尼板的声功率灵敏度》

本文利用声辐射模态模型分析了粘弹性阻尼板的声功率灵敏度,考察了在板上加自由阻尼层和粘弹性梁的两种情况,揭示了阻尼厚度变化对声功率灵敏度的影响。结果表明,适当增加阻尼层厚度和合理配置粘弹性梁的形式能够有效地控制板辐射的声功率。     

Dynamic characteristics of cylindrical hybrid panels containing viscoelastic layer based on layerwise mechanics

The viscoelastic damping model of the cylindrical hybrid panels with co-cured, free and constrained layers has been developed and investigated by using the refined finite element method based on the layerwise shell theory. The transverse shear and normal strains and the curved geometry are exactly taken into account in the present layerwise shell model, which can depict the zig-zag in-plane and out-of-plane displacements. The damped natural frequencies, modal loss factors and frequency response functions of cylindrical viscoelastic hybrid panels are compared with those of the base composite panel without a viscoelastic layer. The difference in the free vibration and damping of the thin and thick composite laminates and the viscoelastic sandwiched beam between full and partial layerwise theories is verified by comparison with the published results. Various damping characteristics of cylindrical hybrid panels with free viscoelastic layer, constrained layer damping, and co-cured sandwich laminates are investigated. Present results show that the full layerwise damping model accurately predicted the vibration and damping of the cylindrical hybrid panels with viscoelastic layers.     

高温老化后嵌入式共固化阻尼复合材料结构的阻尼性能

在综合研究双马来酰亚胺树脂基碳纤维预浸料(T700/QY260)和AFLAS氟橡胶的力学性能、阻尼性能和耐高温性能基础上,通过试验的方法提出一种能够耐260℃超高温度的黏弹性阻尼材料。利用四氢呋喃溶液将该黏弹性阻尼材料制成阻尼胶浆溶液,结合双面刷涂和热压罐工艺制备出嵌入式共固化阻尼复合材料试件,利用自由振动衰减实验方法对该试件分别做常温、230℃*96 H、260℃*96 H老化实验处理后相对阻尼系数的测定,得到不同温度老化处理后的嵌入式共固化阻尼复合材料的相对阻尼系数与阻尼材料厚度的关系,证明了所制备的嵌入式共固化阻尼复合材料具有优异耐超高温性能和稳定的阻尼性能。     

嵌入式共固化穿孔阻尼层复合材料结构动力学性能分析

建立嵌入式共固化穿孔阻尼层复合材料结构（ECPDLCS）的有限元模型（FEM）,提出用改进的应变能法分析该穿孔结构的阻尼损耗因子,模态分析实验验证了文中数值模拟模型和方法的有效性。用验证的模型和方法分别研究了阻尼层厚度、穿孔孔径和孔距对整体结构模态损耗因子和频率的影响,以及在阻尼层面积比相同的情况下,孔径和孔距的分布与复合材料整体结构动力学性能的关系。结果表明：增加阻尼层厚度、减小阻尼层穿孔孔径和孔距,均有利于增大模态损耗因子,但结构固有频率则会有不同程度地降低;在相同面积比的情况下,损耗因子随着孔距和孔径的增加而增加,而固有频率则随之降低。文中的模型和方法对ECPDLCS的动力学性能理论预估具有重要的指导意义。     

阻尼层对水下圆柱壳辐射声场的去耦特性影响

基于模态叠加法,采用Navier方程描述阻尼层,建立敷设粘弹性阻尼层的水下圆柱壳振动声辐射模型。与数值计算结果比对,验证了计算模型的可靠性。分析圆柱壳的径向均方振速和辐射声功率,研究了粘弹性阻尼层对水下圆柱壳辐射声场的去耦特性影响。结果表明,粘弹性阻尼层的径向均方振速频响曲线可以分作三个频段,当频率较高时,粘弹性阻尼层能降低辐射声功率;与壳体厚度相比,阻尼层厚度对阻尼层去耦特性的影响更大。     

黏弹性复合材料结构的多目标优化设计

黏弹性复合材料具有良好的阻尼性能,但黏弹性层的存在对黏弹性复合材料结构的强度性能会有所影响,黏弹性复合材料结构只有同时兼备良好的阻尼和强度才能满足工程要求。该文在经典层合板及小挠度弯曲理论基础上,运用Ritz法建立黏弹性复合材料结构应变能损耗因子和横向均布荷载作用下初始破坏强度计算模型。提出新的遗传算法适应度函数构造办法,克服了多目标优化问题中优化结果的偏移现象,对黏弹性复合材料结构进行单目标和双目标优化设计。优化结果表明:改进的遗传算法适用于黏弹性复合材料结构阻尼和强度性能的优化设计,而且多目标优化设计可以权衡复合结构的阻尼性能和强度性能,有利于发挥黏弹性复合材料结构良好的整体性能。     

Multiobjective design of viscoelastic laminated composite sandwich panels

The optimal design of laminated sandwich panels with viscoelastic core is addressed in this paper, with the objective of simultaneously minimizing weight and material cost and maximizing modal damping. The design variables are the number of layers in the laminated sandwich panel, the layer constituent materials and orientation angles and the viscoelastic layer thickness. The problem is solved using the Direct MultiSearch (DMS) solver for multiobjective optimization problems which does not use any derivatives of the objective functions. A finite element model for sandwich plates with transversely compressible viscoelastic core and anisotropic laminated face layers is used. Trade-off Pareto optimal fronts are obtained and the results are analyzed and discussed.     

Topology optimization of unconstrained damping treatments for plates

A finite element model for composite plates consisting of an elastic isotropic base layer covered with viscoelastic treatment is presented. The composite plate undergoes bending vibrations in the lateral direction. In contrast to many previous publications, the viscoelastic treatment is not constrained from the top in order to better simulate real cases. The objective is to find the optimum distribution of viscoelastic treatment which maximizes the modal damping ratio (MDR) for a certain volume of treatment. Topology optimization is performed with two strategies: optimizing the whole domain of viscoelastic treatment and optimizing a unit cell of the periodic treatment. Numerical examples show that the presented model is able to increase the MDR by an order of magnitude compared to plain treatments.     

μ MOGA在可控减振器阻尼优化设计中的应用

采用微型多目标遗传算法μ MOGA进行可控减振器阻尼值的优化,选取前后悬架的阻尼参数作为优化变量,将车身振动加速度、悬架动行程及轮胎动位移均方根值作为优化目标,同时考虑悬架系统在不同的载荷、车速及路面等级条件下的特性,对可控减振器的三档阻尼值进行优化设计。根据优化结果,最终确定可控减振器“软/中/硬”三档阻尼值。各种悬架仿真测试证明该算法是一种高效率的多目标全局优化方法。     

约束阻尼板结构模态实验及阻尼特性研究

约束阻尼结构可在较宽的频带范围内抑制结构的振动,已在机械和交通等领域广泛应用。本文采用多输入多输出（MIMO）的锤击法,对一种约束阻尼板进行模态实验,参数识别得到其固有频率、振型及模态阻尼。通过模态实验和有限元结果的相互对比,验证了模态测试结果的可靠性。在此基础上,对敷设粘弹性阻尼的悬臂板结构进行了阻尼特性的研究,讨论了材料参数和结构参数对模态阻尼的影响,为结构的减振降噪及优化设计提供依据。