改性木质素对PLA/PPC复合包装膜性能的影响

采用叔丁基二甲基氯硅烷(TBDMSCl)对碱木质素(AL)进行甲基硅烷化改性,并将改性木质素(SAL)与聚乳酸(PLA)/聚碳酸亚丙酯(PPC)复合材料熔融共混吹塑成膜,探讨了不同含量的SAL对复合包装膜的微观结构、热性能、力学性能以及阻隔等性能的影响。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)结果显示SAL与PLA/PPC之间的相容性明显改善。热性能测试表明SAL的加入提高了PLA的结晶能力。力学和阻隔性能测试结果表明,与PLA/PPC复合包装膜相比,当SAL用量为1.5%时,PLA/PPC/SAL复合包装膜的力学强度和氧气阻隔性能达到最佳,其中拉伸强度提高了6.9%,氧气阻隔性能提高了33.7%;复合包装膜的水蒸气透过系数在SAL添加量为1%时达到最低值。     

MAH改性PPC对PLA形状记忆与力学性能的影响

采用马来酸酐(MAH)作为封端剂与聚碳酸亚丙酯(PPC)进行接枝反应,制备了MAH改性聚碳酸亚丙醋(M-PPC).将M-PPC用于聚碳酸亚丙酯/聚乳酸(PPC/PLA)复合材料中,考察了MAH对PPC/PLA复合材料的力学性能、形状记忆性能和热稳定性的影响.扫描电镜(SEM)观察到M-PPC对复合材料界面影响显著,力学...     

聚碳酸亚丙酯-聚乙二醇复合材料的制备与性能

通过聚碳酸亚丙酯(PPC)与聚乙二醇(PEG)的共混,提高PPC的热性能、亲水性和降解性能。通过1HNMR、FT-IR、XRD研究了共混物的相容性,表明聚合物之间没有发生化学反应,两者之间为简单的物理共混,相容性较好。共混物热性能的测试结果表明,共混物的玻璃化转变温度最高为61℃,比PPC提高了39℃,Td50%和最高分解速率时的温度都在242～262℃范围内,高于PPC的Td50%(235℃)和Tmax(238℃);共混物亲水性是PPC的12～33倍,其溶液降解性最多比PPC提高16倍,而生物降解性能至少比PPC提高4～6倍。     

聚碳酸亚丙酯改性复合材料的性能

通过溶液共混法实现聚碳酸亚丙酯(PPC)与聚乙二醇(PEG)的共混改性,提高PPC的热性能。通过1HNMR、FTIR研究了共混物的相容性,表明聚合物之间没有发生化学反应,两者之间为简单的物理共混,相容性较好,而且共混物的亲水性随着PEG组分的增加而增强。热性能测试结果表明,共混物的玻璃化转变温度(Tg)和热分解温度(Td)都比PPC高,Tg和Td95%最高分别达到51℃和410℃,比PPC提高了29℃和130℃。可用于制备高性能的包装材料。     

PPC-MA/PETG共混型生物降解材料的结构与性能研究

采用熔融共混法制备了马来酸酐(MA)封端聚碳酸亚丙酯(PPC)和聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯-1,4-环己烷二甲醇酯(PETG)的共混物(PPC-MA/PETG),采用套管上吹法将共混物吹塑成膜.通过差示扫描量热仪(DSC)、热失重分析(TGA)及扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等手段系统地研究了共混物的热、力学性能及形貌.结果表明:PPC-MA/PETG共混物为部分相容体系;MA封端PPC可以提高PPC的热分解温度(T-5%),PETG与PPC-MA共混进一步提高了PPC的热性能;当PETG含量低时,PETG作为岛相分散在PPC基体中,随着含量的增加,共混物将发生"海-岛"结构转变成"海-海"结构;共混物薄膜的力学性能较纯PPC大幅增强,从4.7MPa提高到16.93MPa.PPC-MA与PETG共混可以获得力学性能较好的膜材料,改善PPC材料的缺陷,在包装、生物医用材料等领域具有广阔的应用前景.     

可降解聚碳酸亚丙酯复合材料的性能

通过聚碳酸亚丙酯(PPC)与聚乳酸(PLA)的共混,提高PPC的热性能、力学性能、生物降解性。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、多晶X衍射(XRD)、差示扫描量热(DSC)、热重分析(TG)、拉伸力学实验研究了复合材料的性能。实验结果表明,聚合物之间没有发生化学反应,共混物为部分相容的体系;复合材料的玻璃化转变温度最高比PPC提高30℃,分解温度Td5%最多比PPC提高42℃,Td50%最多比PPC提高67℃;PLA的加入使复合材料的降解性能优于PPC,40d降解后复合材料最大失重率为33.37%,是PPC的9倍;PPC-PLA复合材料有良好的成膜性,制备的薄膜透明均匀,复合薄膜材料拉伸强度为36～58MPa,杨氏模量最大为2943MPa。     

环境友好材料-聚碳酸亚丙酯热降解和稳定性研究进展

聚碳酸亚丙酯(PPC)是由二氧化碳和环氧丙烷合成的一类新型高分子材料,具有透明性、生物降解性和生物相容性等特点,可以用作包装材料、气体阻隔材料、生物医用材料等方面。但是,由于PPC的热稳定性较差,在150~180℃的范围内就会出现降解,这样使其应用受到限制。另外,由于在工业生产中大部分高分子材料的加工温度高于150℃。在这样的加工条件下,PPC会发生明显的降解,从而导致共混效果差。因此,关于提高热稳定性的研究一直是PPC改性的研究重点。综述了聚碳酸亚丙酯的热降解机理及其影响因素,并对目前提高PPC热稳定性的方法及研究成果进行了简要介绍。     

二氧化碳塑料与硅橡胶共混材料的形态与性能

采用熔融共混法制备聚碳酸亚丙酯(PPC)和硅橡胶(TYPE)的共混物,采用DSC、FTIR、扫描电镜等手段系统研究共混物配比对体系热、力学性能、形貌的影响.共混物采用套管上吹法吹塑成膜,共混物吹膜性能稳定,可以获得力学性能和耐热性能较好的膜材料,在包装、生物医用材料等领域具有广阔的应用前景.     

新型UV固化木器涂料的合成及性能研究

乙醇为溶剂,偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)为引发剂,引发邻苯二甲酸二烯丙酯(DAP)聚合.聚合工艺为饥饿滴加法加入反应原料DAP、乙醇、AIBN,反应温度为85℃,反应时间约4 h.反应收率约34%,聚合物是可溶的预聚体.预聚体的凝胶色谱、红外光谱图及碘值都显示其具备进一步交联固化的潜力.然后,以合成的邻苯二甲酸二烯丙酯预聚...     

三元稀土催化剂制备与聚碳酸亚丙酯聚合工艺优化研究

针对中海油3000 t/a聚碳酸亚丙酯(PPC)工业装置催化剂制备与聚合工艺存在的问题,研究提出了改进PPC凝聚洗涤工艺的方案。包括溶剂合成二乙基锌、三元稀土催化剂高效负载化、环氧丙烷热进料等工艺,可有效提高催化剂收率以及非均相三元稀土催化剂的催化效率,提升PPC生产技术水平。     

PBAT/PPC多层共挤薄膜的制备及其阻透性能研究

以聚碳酸亚丙酯(PPC)和聚对苯二甲酸己二酸丁二醇酯(PBAT)为原料,采用多层共挤吹塑的方法制备了全生物降解高阻透性3层复合薄膜PBAT/PPC/PBAT。讨论了PPC层厚度、PBAT层厚度及在一定挤出量时,薄膜牵引速度对复合薄膜性能的影响。结果表明,与纯PPC薄膜相比,PBAT/PPC/PBAT复合薄膜的拉伸强度和加工性能得到提高,其拉伸强度最大提高了200 %;薄膜厚度和分子链的取向度对阻透性有较大影响,当PPC层厚度最大（约为12 μm）时,氧气透过率最小,为9.5×10^-15 cm3·cm/(cm2·s·Pa）;牵引速度最大,即分子链取向度最大时,氧气透过率最小,为9.52×10^-15 cm3·cm/(cm2·s·Pa）。     

High Strength and Barrier Properties of Biodegradable PPC/PBSA Blends Prepared by Reaction Compatibilization for Promising Application in Packaging

Poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC)/poly(butylene succinate-co-butylene adipate) (PBSA) blends are prepared via melt mixing using a twin-screw extruder. A one-step method based on the reaction compatibilization mechanism is used to prepare PPC/PBSA/AX8900(ethylene-methyl acrylate-glycidyl methacrylate random terpolymer) blends. The films of blends are prepared by an extrusion blown film machine. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results show that there is a strong hydrogen bonding between PPC and PBSA. The epoxy group of AX8900 can react with molecular chains of PPC and PBSA. It is shown from the rheological behavior that AX8900 can extend the molecular chains and increase the compatibility of PPC and PBSA. The films of PPC/PBSA blends exhibit more orientation structure than pure PPC film. The tensile strength of machine direction and transverse direction for 70PPC/30PBSA/1AX8900 film is higher than that for pure PPC film. The PPC/PBSA/AX8900 films have similar excellent barrier properties, compared with PPC film. The modified Maxwell theoretical model is used to predict and analyze changes in film barrier properties.     

Orientation microstructure and properties of poly(propylene carbonate)/poly(butylene succinate) blend films

The blends of high molecular weight poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC) and poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) were melt blended using triphenylmethane triisocyanate (TTI) as a reactive coupling agent. TTI also serves as a compatibilizer for the blends of PPC and PBS. The blend containing 0.36 wt % TTI showed that the optimal mechanical properties were, therefore, calendared into films with different degrees of orientation. The calendering condition, degree of orientation, morphologies, mechanical properties, crystallization, and thermal behaviors of the films were investigated using wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, tensile testing, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. The result showed that the as‐made films exhibited obvious orientation in machine direction (MD). Both tensile strength in MD and the tear strength in transverse direction (TD) increased with increasing the degree of orientation. The orientation of the film also increased the crystallinity and improved the thermal properties of the PPC/PBS blend films. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Preparation and characterization of poly(propylene carbonate)/exfoliated graphite nanocomposite films with improved thermal stability,mechanical properties and barrier properties

Relatively high aspect ratio exfoliated graphite (EFG) particles with an average size of 7.4 µm and a nanometer sized thickness of 30–50 nm were successfully prepared by thermal treatment at 1050 °C and subsequent ultrasonication for application as a filler to improve the physical properties of eco‐friendly poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC). A series of poly(propylene carbonate)/exfoliated graphite (PPC/EFG) nanocomposite films with different EFG contents were prepared via a solution blending method. The physical properties were strongly dependent upon the chemical and morphological structures originating from the differences in EFG composition. The morphological structures, thermal properties, mechanical properties and barrier properties of the nanocomposite films were investigated as a function of the EFG content. While all of the PPC/EFG nanocomposite films exhibited good dispersion of EFG to some extent, Fourier transform infrared and SEM results revealed that solution blending did not lead to strong interactions between PPC and EFG. As a result, poor dispersion occurred in composite films with a high EFG content. By loading EFG particles, the oxygen permeabilities, moisture permeabilities and water uptake at equilibrium decreased as the EFG content increased. Compared with pure PPC, PPC/EFG nanocomposite films have enhanced molecular ordering. Specifically, the 2% PPC/EFG composite film shows greater molecular ordering than the other composite films, which results in the highest mechanical strength. In future work, the compatibility and dispersion of the PPC matrix polymer and EFG filler particles should be increased by modifying the EFG surface or introducing additives. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry     

Sustainable and biodegradable poly(butylene succinate-co-terephthalate)/poly(propylene carbonate) blown films with enhanced compatibility,mechanical, and barrier properties

In this study, a novel environment-friendly PBST/PPC-based blown film was prepared using maleic anhydride (MA) as a reactive compatibilizer to enhance the compatibility between poly(butylene succinate-co-terephthalate) (PBST) and poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC). Results of rheological testing and gel permeation chromatography (GPC) indicated that MA reacted with PBST/PPC during melt-blending extrusion. Morphological analysis of the cryo-fractured surfaces of PBST/PPC blend showed significantly improved compatibility between PBST and PPC with the addition of MA. Moreover, the Young's modulus, tensile strength, breaking strain, and tear strength of PBST/PPC/MA blown films increased with an increase in MA content. In comparison to PBST/MA blown film without PPC, the barrier property of PBST/PPC/MA blown films was improved. In addition, in vitro cell experiments showed that the PBST/PPC/MA blown film was suitable for the growth of mouse fibroblast (L929) cells. In vitro ecotoxicity testing on mung bean plant showed that the extracts from the PBST/PPC/MA blown film had no negative effects on the development of mung bean plant. Furthermore, degradability testing in soil also proved that the PBST/PPC/MA blown film had good biodegradability. Thus, the PBST/PPC/MA blown film can be used in fields, such as food packaging and agricultural mulch film.     

超支化乙二胺三嗪聚合物对PPC/PBS共混体系的增强改性研究

以超支化乙二胺三嗪聚合物（HBETP）为改性剂,采用熔融共混法制备了聚碳酸亚丙酯（PPC）/聚丁二酸丁二醇酯（PBS）/HBETP共混物;利用动态热机械分析仪、热失重分析仪、电子万能试验机、旋转流变仪、扫描电子显微镜等,对其热性能、力学性能、流变性能、断面形貌等进行了表征。结果表明,当HBETP含量为0.5 %（质量分数,下同） 时,PPC/PBS/HBETP共混物在韧性基本保持不变的情况下,拉伸强度提高幅度最大,由7.56 MPa提高到11.22 MPa,增幅为49.6 %;HBETP的加入可以提高PPC/PBS的相容性,且适当的含量会使PPC/PBS的拉伸强度提升。     

Toughening of poly(propylene carbonate) by hyperbranched poly(ester‐amide) via hydrogen bonding interaction

Poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC) is a biodegradable alternative copolymer of propylene oxide and carbon dioxide. As an amorphous polymer with lower glass transition temperature around 35 °C, PPC shows poor mechanical performance in that it becomes brittle below 20 °C and its dimensional stability deteriorates above 40 °C; thus toughening of PPC is urgently needed. Here we describe a biodegradable hyperbranched poly(ester‐amide) (HBP) that is suitable for this purpose. Compared with pure PPC, the PPC/HBP blend with 2.5 wt% HBP loading showed a 51 °C increase in thermal decomposition temperature and a 100% increase in elongation at break, whilst the corresponding tensile strength remained as high as 45 MPa and tensile modulus showed no obvious decrease. Crazing as well as cavitation was observed in the scanning electron microscopy images of the blends, which provided good evidence for the toughening mechanism of PPC. The intermolecular hydrogen bonding interaction confirmed by Fourier transform infrared spectral analysis proved to be the reason for the toughening phenomenon. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

Studies on the blends of CO2 copolymer. IV. Natural rubber/poly(propylene carbonate) systems

The blends of a carbon dioxide copolymer, poly(propylene carbonate)(PPC) with natural rubber (NR), were prepared and their mechanical properties and morphology were studied. The optimum formulation blend was obtained by orthogonal experiments. The tensile strength of the blend containing 30 phr PPC was 18.9 MPa, with an elongation at break of 755%. The factors such as PPC and dicumyl peroxide content, PPC molecular weight, sulfur content, curing time, and curing temperature responsible for controlling the mechanical properties were discussed. Transverse electron micrographs showed a two‐phase structure for this blend. Gel content data revealed that PPC was crosslinked. The phase stability of PPC in the blend improved because of the interpenetrating new work structure. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 2140–2144, 2002     

熔融插层法制备累托石/聚碳酸亚丙酯纳米复合材料的研究

采用熔融插层法制备了有机化累托石/聚碳酸亚丙酯纳米复合材料,通过X射线衍射、原子力显微镜、热重分析法测试了复合材料的结构与热性能。结果表明:聚碳酸亚丙酯能插层于累托石片层中,累托石/聚碳酸亚丙酯纳米复合材料的耐热性有了很大程度的提高。