掺Fe3+附银二氧化钛光催化剂的制备及其光催化活性研究

采用酸催化溶胶-凝胶法和光化学沉积法相结合制备出了掺Fe3 附Ag纳米TiO2复合粒子,用TEM、XRD、XPS、UV-vis等技术进行了表征.结果表明:纳米粒子粒径约为10～15nm;Fe3 的掺杂能促进TiO2由锐钛矿相向金红石相的转变;改性后的TiO2对光的吸收发生红移,吸收强度明显增大;XPS分析表明附载在TiO2表面的银以Ag0形式存在.以紫外光为光源,甲基橙为目标降解物,评价了催化剂的光催化活性,实验表明,掺Fe3 附Ag的TiO2比纯TiO2及仅掺Fe3 或仅附Ag的TiO2能显示出更高的光催化活性;且掺Fe3 0.4%、附银1%(摩尔分数)的催化剂的光催化活性最高.     

纳米TiO2掺杂贵金属Ag抑制蓝藻的生长

制备了纳米TiO2和Ag掺杂纳米TiO2,研究了二者对抑制蓝藻生长的影响。结果表明,在太阳光照射下,Ag掺杂纳米TiO2能够破坏蓝藻藻囊;与纳米TiO2相比,能更有效地使蓝藻内叶绿素含量、光合速率和呼吸速率以及氧化物岐化酶（SOD）活性降低,超氧自由基增多;当Ag掺杂量为1％时,掺Ag纳米TiO2对蓝藻的抑制效果最好。     

Ag~+/TiO_2-ZnO纳米复合薄膜的制备及双亲性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了TiO2薄膜、TiO2-ZnO纳米薄膜和Ag+/TiO2-ZnO纳米薄膜。通过X射线衍射和原子力显微镜表征了样品的晶相、晶粒尺寸和形貌。以水(H2O)作为极性溶液参照物、苯(C6H6)作为非极性溶液参照物,研究了掺杂量、煅烧温度、表面处理对薄膜光致双亲性的影响。结果表明:在ZnO/TiO2复合薄膜中,适量掺杂Ag+会提高其双亲性,摩尔比为1%时最佳。煅烧温度的不同能够导致薄膜的晶粒粒径、晶型及薄膜表面的粗糙度发生变化,从而影响薄膜的双亲性能。煅烧温度为550℃、经酸溶液或热处理后Ag+/TiO2-ZnO纳米薄膜的双亲性最佳,其晶粒粒径约为21.1nm。此时,亲水角和亲油角分别为2°和0.5°。Ag+/TiO2-ZnO纳米薄膜的双亲性明显高于纯TiO2和TiO2-ZnO纳米薄膜。     

Ag掺杂TiO2纳米管阵列光催化性能的研究进展

综述了光催化技术的研究现状、TiO2光催化反应的机理、TiO2纳米管阵列的制备方法、不同银离子掺杂方式以及Ag掺杂对TiO2光催化活性的影响,并展望了Ag掺杂TiO2纳米管阵列的研究趋势.     

稀土元素(La、Ce、Nd、Pr、Sm)掺杂纳米TiO2相对介电常数的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米TiO2以及稀土元素(La、Ce、Nd、Pr、Sm)掺杂纳米TiO2粉体.采用TEM和XRD研究了粉体形貌和晶体结构,利用TH2816型宽频LCR数字电桥测试分析了粉体介电特性.结果表明,所有稀土元素的掺杂均提高了纳米TiO2的相对介电常数和介电损耗,其原因是稀土离子取代钛离子产生了更多的感应偶极矩以及稀土离子进入晶体内部使晶格畸变有利于极化.在Nd/纳米TiO2复合粉体中,最佳掺杂浓度为Nd2.5%(原子分数)时,样品相对介电常数达到峰值.     

金属离子掺杂TiO2的光催化性能研究

用醇盐水解法制备了Ce4+、Ag+、Fe3+、Fe2+、Sn4+、Zn2+、Mo6+等金属离子掺杂的TiO2复合微粒.以罗丹明6G降解为目标反应,研究了所制备的复合微粒光催化活性与选择性.并用IR、XRD、TEM及BET等技术,对TiO2复合微粒进行了表征.结果显示在TiO2内掺入Ce4+、Ag+、Sn4+,可使纳米TiO2的光催化活性增强,而Fe3+、Fe2+、Zn2+、Mo6+等金属离子掺杂的二氧化钛复合微粒的催化活性呈下降趋势.     

Ag/TiO_2复合纳米催化剂的制备和表征及其光催化性能研究

以TiCl4,AgNO3为原料,采用水热法制备了Ag/TiO2复合纳米催化剂。采用X-射线衍射仪、透射电镜等对其进行结构表征,得到金红石型均匀掺杂的Ag/TiO2复合纳米颗粒。为了评估Ag/TiO2光催化材料的催化活性,在中性条件下以Ag/TiO2作为光催化剂,进行了在自然光下催化降解甲基橙的实验,实验结果表明:Ag/TiO2复合纳米催化剂对甲基橙的光催化降解具有较好的催化作用。     

银修饰氮掺杂TiO_2薄膜的制备及光催化性能研究

TiO2具有光催化活性,因而被广泛应用于废水处理、空气净化、尾气处理等领域。研究表明,经掺杂的TiO2薄膜具有更优异的光催化活性。在众多的可掺杂元素中,N和Ag具有独特的性能特征,因此其可使TiO2薄膜的光催化活性得到较大提升。本文使用直流磁控溅射法和拼靶工艺制备了不同Ag含量的银修饰掺氮TiO2薄膜,并分析了薄膜的形貌结构、表面元素化学态、光学性能和可见光催化活性。研究表明:薄膜沉积过程中Ag含量对薄膜性能影响较大。在TiO2的表面,颗粒细小而均匀。随着Ag含量的增加,薄膜表面出现凸起颗粒,为Ag2O颗粒,且其尺寸逐渐增大;薄膜对350~800 nm波段光的吸收增强。当Ag含量为6.76%(原子比)时,薄膜具有最高的可见光催化活性。     

可见光诱导TiO2光催化及其机理研究进展

简述了二氧化钛的光催化机理。针对其禁带宽度较大,只能被小于387nm的紫外光所激发的缺点,综述了近年来国内外针对纳米TiO2可见光催化的改性方法和改性机理研究进展,包括离子掺杂、半导体复合、表面光敏化等方法。最后展望了提高纳米TiO2可见光光催化活性研究的前景。     

可见光诱导TiO2光催化及其机理研究进展

简述了二氧化钛的光催化机理。针对其禁带宽度较大,只能被小于387nm的紫外光所激发的缺点,综述了近年来国内外针对纳米TiO2可见光催化的改性方法和改性机理研究进展,包括离子掺杂、半导体复合、表面光敏化等方法。最后展望了提高纳米TiO2可见光光催化活性研究的前景。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Effect of Oxide Assisted Metal Nanoparticles on Microstructure and Morphology of Gallium oxide Nanowires

Several researches have been reported about the characteristic of β-Ga2O3 nanowires which was synthesized on nickel oxide particle. But indeed, recent researches about synthesis of β-Ga2O3 nanowires on oxide-assisted transition metal are limited to nickel or cobalt oxide catalyst. In this work, Gallium oxide (β-Ga2O3 ) nanowires were synthesized by a simple thermal evaporation method from gallium powder in the range of 700 - 1000℃ using the iron, nickel, copper, cobalt and zinc oxide as a catalyst, respectively. The β-Ga2O3 nanowires with single crystalline without defects were successfully synthesized at the reaction temperature of 850, 900 and 950℃ in all the catalysts. But optimum experimental condition in synthesis of nanowires varied with the kind of catalyst. As increasing synthesis temperature,the morphology of gallium oxide nanowires changed from nanowires to nanorods, and its diameter increased. From these results, we could be proposed that the growth mechanism of β-Ga2O3 nanowires was changed with synthesis temperature of nanowires. Microstructure and morphology of Synthesized nanowire was characterized by HR-TEM, FE-SEM, EDX and XRD.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from