Ka频段卫星通信雨衰特性分析与改进措施研究

Ka频段卫星通信中,降雨引起的信号衰减对通信链路的通断起着非常重要的作用。本文详尽分析了Ka频段卫星通信信道的电波传播特性,重点分析了降雨对卫星通信的影响,并提出了Ka频段抗雨衰的各种对策。     

Ka/EHF频段卫星信道传输特性研究

为了获取更高的可用带宽,使用更小的天线口径并获得更强的抗干扰能力,Ka频段在军事卫星通信系统中已经得到广泛的使用,并正在向EHF频段发展。在Ka频段的卫星通信系统已经被建立,但更高的EHF频段对卫星通信系统来讲仍是一个尚待研究的领域。EHF频段降雨损耗、多普勒频移等因素对系统设计所造成的影响必须充分考虑,因此对EHF频段的信道特性分析是未来极高频卫星通信系统设计的关键之一。在研究Ka频段信道传输特性的基础上,对EHF频段的信道传输特性作了初步的研究和探索。     

降雨对卫星链路的影响分析

Ku 频段的卫星通信系统在我国已经普遍使用，目前正朝着更高的 Ka 频段发展。随着 频率的提高，降雨对卫星通信链路的影响会更加严重，是系统设计必须考虑的重要因素之一。针对降雨 带来的信号衰减、地球站天线 G/T 值的变化以及对卫星通信上/下行链路载噪比的影响进行了分析，并 利用 ITU-R 最新给出的雨衰减预报模式，给出了定量计算方法。     

Ka频段卫星通信典型地区雨衰分析与补偿方法探讨

本文首先介绍了Ka频段卫星通信雨衰产生机理及ITU-R雨衰预测模型。然后重点介绍了103°E在轨Ka卫星在我国各雨域地区（典型城市）的雨衰情况。最后联系以往Ku频段工程实施经验,总结出常用的三种Ka频段卫星通信抗雨衰补偿方法：分集技术中的业务速率分集技术、功率控制技术中的上行链路开环功率控制技术和自适应编码技术中的自适应纠错编码技术。     

Ka频段的抗雨衰对策

Ka频段卫星通信系统具有广阔的应用前景,该文从Ka频段雨衰的特点以及卫星通信系统上下行链路的不同特点出发,提出了自适应抗雨衰对策。详细分析了自适应杭雨衰对策的实现原理及算法,分析得出:上行链路采用自适应功率控制,下行链路采用自适应纠错编码是解决ka频段的雨衰问题的有效方法。     

基于数值天气预报预测电波雨衰的关键问题分析

随着Ka频段卫星通信产品的推广应用,降雨衰减在卫星通信系统中的影响越来越大。经典雨衰预测方法利用年固定时间百分比降雨率数据计算,在卫星通信系统设计中发挥了重要作用,但并不能用于天气对全网各节点的影响分析。随着气象科技的不断进步,小时降水量预报不断精细,使得在特定通信保障任务中评估预测各节点雨衰值成为可能。在充分介绍了经典雨衰模型ITU-R和数值天气预报的基础上,从降雨率换算、降雨率平均化、雨顶高度判定三个角度出发,提出了构建基于降水预报数据雨衰预报模型的关键问题,并指出了相关改进方法。     

卫星通信链路中的雨衰动态特性分析

雨衰是高频段(Ka、V等)卫星通信链路传输损耗中的一个重要因素。在进行系统工程设计时,低可用度系统需要预留一定的雨衰余量,高可用度系统需要采取自适应抗雨衰措施。卫星通信向高频段发展是未来趋势,因此,有必要研究雨衰的动态特性,为抗雨衰技术的有效性设计提供依据。介绍了雨衰的动态特性和国内外的一些研究成果,并结合我国某地实测数据进行了分析。     

毫米波卫星通信及抗雨衰技术

卫星通信经过几十年的发展巳成为现代强有力的通信手段之一，但随着现代多媒体通信和个人通信的高速发展，低频段的卫星通信巳不能满足现代通信宽带的要求，使用更高频段的毫米波是卫星通信发展的必然趋势。毫米波卫星通信具有带宽大、干扰小等特点，但由于降雨衰减较大，研究毫米波卫星通信的抗雨衰技术成为卫星通信技术研究的热点。我国应密切注意卫星通信发展的最新趋势，加大力度进行高频段卫星通信系统的研究和开发。     

Ka频段卫星通信分集和自适应抗雨衰技术

在Ka频段中卫星通信所具有的抗雨衰技术能够对来自该频段的雨衰影响进行有效的降低,以此对该频段的信号传输质量进行提高。文章将就Ka频段卫星通信分集和自适应抗雨衰技术进行一定的研究。     

Ka频段卫星通信分集和自适应抗雨衰技术

Ka频段卫星通信的抗雨衰技术能够有效降低Ka频段的雨衰影响,提高Ka频段信号 传输质量。重点讨论了分集技术和自适应技术,综述了现有的抗雨衰技术及其之 间的联系,总结了热点研究方向,为今后抗雨衰技术的研究奠定了基础。     

Ka卫星通信系统中雨衰分析

简单介绍了雨衰的机理,并以我国原邮电部给出的雨衰模型为基础,根据我国10个主要城市的降雨数据和地理位置参数,计算出轨道位置在80°E的通信卫星在上行水平极化/下行垂直线极化的情况下,Ka波段(30/20GHz)的雨衰A0.01,并就雨衰对下行卫星链路G/T值恶化带来的影响进行了分析讨论,给出了相应的计算方法,最后总结了几种抗雨衰措施。     

Ka频段卫星信道的衰减特性

在Ka及以上高频段卫星通信系统中,其链路信号的衰减很严重,主要是大气、降雨、闪烁对卫星信道的影响。本文主要研究了雨衰和对流层闪烁产生衰减的机理与特性,提出雨衰采用DAH模型,闪烁采用Van de Kamp模型。然后根据实测气象数据,计算我国各参考站点的雨衰和闪烁值。为抗衰减对策的提出提供理论依据,为工程设计提供具体的参考数据。     

A modified rain attenuation prediction model for tropical V‐band satellite earth link

Radio wave propagation plays a very important part in the design and eventually dictates performance of space communication systems. Over time, the requirements of satellite communication have grown extensively where higher capacity communications systems are needed. Escalating demands of microwave and millimetre wave communications are causing frequency spectrum congestion. Hence, existing and future satellite system operators are planning to employ frequency bands well above 10 GHz. The challenge in operating at such high frequencies for communication purposes is that there exists stronger electromagnetic interaction between the radio signals and atmospheric hydrometeors. Such instances will degrade the performance of such high frequency satellite communication systems. The development of a revised model for a better‐improved rain fade prediction of signal propagations in tropical region is considered very important. Researchers and engineers can employ the model to accurately plan the future high frequencies satellite services. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Optimum utilization of the channel capacity of a satellite link inthe presence of amplitude scintillations and rain attenuation

By considering the global fading process on the link caused by rain attenuation and amplitude scintillations, particularly at K_a band, it is possible to derive a long-term statistical model of the satellite channel capacity. The four-parameter distribution, which combines amplitude scintillations and rain fade within an up/down link system, is presented. Also presented are the degradation (and improvement) of bit error rate (BER) in the presence of amplitude scintillations, thus complementing the flat fade effect due to rain only. By implementation of adaptive communication systems, a more efficient channel capacity utilization is possible. The concepts and the use of novel analytical expressions combining a log-normal model of rain fade with a Moulsley-Vilar distribution for scintillations are illustrated. These are then applied to a very-small-aperture terminal (VSAT) example of a 29/19-GHz digital communications link through the Olympus satellite using M-ary phase shift keying (PSK) modulation schemes     

Q/V频段卫星通信发展现状与关键技术分析

随着航天技术的发展与用户对大通信容量、 高传输带宽的迫切需求,GEO-HTS、NGSO-HTS快速发展,全球各大卫星运营商纷纷申请使用Q/V频段进行馈电链路传输.针对Q/V高频段在抗雨衰损耗和射频器件成熟度方面存在的短板,对国外搭建的Q/V频段卫星通信试验系统以及所采用的抗雨衰技术、射频器件技术进行了简要介绍,综合提出...     

ANALYSIS OF A RAIN COMPENSATION ALGORITHM FOR K/Ka-BAND COMMUNICATIONS

A rain compensation algorithm (RCA) has been developed for use in the advanced communications technology satellite (ACTS) mobile terminal (AMT) system. The basic goal of the RCA is to control the transmitted data rates (9·6, 4·8 or 2·4 kbps) in the forward and return links so that a 3 dB link margin is maintained at the highest possible transmitted data rate. In this paper, analyses of both theoretical and practical issues relating to the RCA are presented. In addition, sample simulations of a one-dimensional version of the RCA at the MT are presented which illustrate typical RCA performance using both simulated and recorded pilot fade field data. It is found that with suitable post-processing, the RCA can provide reasonable (conservative) data rate estimates without making excessive data rate changes, i.e., data rate change fluctuations. It is anticipated that the results presented here will not only be useful for the eventual operation of the RCA, but more generally will be useful in the design and operation of other rain compensation techniques for K/Ka-band communication systems.     

Ku频段卫星雨衰计算及自动观测系统设计

随着Ku频段卫星通信系统的使用,雨衰对卫星传输链路的影响已经成为卫星通信系统设计与使用过程中的重要影响因素。针对雨衰对Ku频段卫星通信系统可用性的影响,首先对雨衰的产生原因及其对卫星传输链路的影响进行了简要介绍,其次对国际电信联盟推荐的雨衰估算方法进行了分析,最后提出了Ku频段卫星链路传输特性自动观测系统的设计方案。     

Ka-band propagation measurements: an opportunity with the AdvancedCommunications Technology Satellite (ACTS)

The Advanced Communications Technology Satellite (ACTS) was conceived at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as a follow on program to its long history in satellite communications projects that have reduced the risk of developing new technologies that fall outside the sponsorship capability of the private sector. To counter the foreign challenge that developed in the late 1970's to the once insuperable US lead in this field, ACTS was developed to maintain the US preeminence. Launched in September 1993 from the space shuttle, key technologies on ACTS include a multibeam antenna, a baseband processor, a 900 MHz wideband microwave switch matrix, adaptive rain fade compensation techniques, and the use of Ka-band frequencies. Since this is the United States' first effort in using Ka-band for satellite communications, beacons are incorporated on the satellite, which provide an opportunity for propagation measurements. NASA is sponsoring a network of propagation experimenters using these beacons and receive-only terminals identical in design. This paper provides some history that leads to the eventual development of ACTS. Also, a system overview of the spacecraft is provided for those less familiar with it