采用自蔓延高温合成技术连接TiAl合金

采用自蔓延高温合成技术实现了TiAl合金的连接。在连接过程中采用了具有很高放热量的Ti-Al-C中间层以及外加电磁场辅助连接。连接接头包括3个典型的反应区域,靠近TiAl母材界面处发现了深灰色的TiAl,反应层,在中间层内观察到了TiC颗粒以及Ti-Al系化合物。直接连接时由于产物和反应物之间的比热差,杂质的气化和孔隙中束缚气体的释放而导致孔隙无法避免。为了提高致密度,在粉末压坯和TiAl母材之间添加了Ag-Cu钎料箔。在SHS反应过程中熔化的钎料改善了中间层对TiAl母材的润湿同时填充到了中间层反应产物的孔隙中,采用这种方法能够提高反应产物的致密度和连接质量。     

Porous NiTi fabricated by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis of elemental powders

Porous NiTi shape memory alloy has been an active area of research for medical application due to their similar microstructure to human bone. In this study, porous product was obtained by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) of compacts prepared from elemental nickel and titanium powders and the effects of the green porosity and preheating temperature were examined. The porosity in the synthesised products was in the range of 45–59 vol.%, with the green porosity being the primary source of final porosity. NiTi was present as the dominant phase in the porous product with other secondary intermetallic compounds and element powders. The effect of green porosity and preheating temperature was found to have an effect on the pore morphology and microstructure.     

Comparison between Ni-Cr-40vol%TiC wear-resistant plasma sprayed coatings produced from self-propagating high-temperature synthesis and plasma densified powders

Plasma sprayed Ni-Cr-40vol%TiC coatings produced from powders obtained by self-propagating hightemperature synthesis (SHS) and plasma densification (PD) processes are characterized. Chemical composition, microstructure, and mechanical properties, such as microhardness and wear resistance, are evaluated and compared. SHS coatings exhibit good sliding wear performance. The exact stoichiometry of titanium carbide inclusions in the metallic matrix affects the dimension of the crystal lattice parameter and was investigated by examining the shift of x-ray diffraction (XRD) peaks of the TiC. A value of the combined carbon/titanium ratio of about 0.6 was calculated for both powders, thus excluding the influence of the stoichiometry of the carbide inclusions on the wear properties of the coatings.     

中间层成分对TiAl/TiB2金属陶瓷SHS连接的影响

采用自蔓延高温合成(SHS)连接技术对TiB2金属陶瓷与TiAl进行连接试验,并研究工艺参数对SHS连接接头界面结构的影响.结果表明,不同成分的中间层发生SHS反应的放热量不同,从而会导致连接界面处的界面结构发生明显的变化.TiAl侧界面处出现的TiAl3反应层厚度与TiB2金属陶瓷侧出现的贫Cu层的厚度均随放热量的增加而明显增加,中间层环状结构的层数及尺寸也发生相应的变化.     

ZrB2/Al2O3 composite powders prepared by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis

Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis（SHS） method was used to synthesize ZrB2/Al2O3 composite powders from B2O3-ZrO2-Al system. X-ray diffractometry（XRD） and scanning electron microscopy（SEM） analyses show the presence of ZrB2 and Al2O3 as the primary phases in the composite powders, while the presence of a very small amount of ZrO2 is thought to be unreacted zirconium oxide. Transmission electron microscopy（TEM） and high resolution electron microscopy（HREM） observations of microstructure of the composite powders indicate that the interfaces of ZrB2/Al2O3 bond well without any interracial reaction products. It is proposed that the good interfacial bonding of composite powders results from the ZrB2 particles crystallizing and growing on the Al2O3 particles surface with surface defects acting as nucleation centers.     

自蔓延高温还原法制备钨粉的研究

采用SHS还原法以CaWO4,Mg粉为原料制备钨粉。研究了CaWO4-Mg合成过程中的物理化学变化,压坯压力、稀释剂和浸出对燃烧过程和产物的影响。随着压坯压力的增加,燃烧产物的空隙率和钨粉颗粒的粒度呈递减趋势。添加稀释剂（钨粉）,钨粉颗粒的粒度有所增大。通过进一步碱浸可提高钨粉的纯度。最终产物的成分光谱分析和粒度分析结果表明：可得到平均粒径为0．87μm,比表面积1．09m^2/g,纯度≥99．0％的钨粉。     

Synthesis mechanism of titanium carbide nano-fiber during self-propagating high temperature synthesis

Titanium carbide nano-fiber was synthesized by self-propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS) method. The final products after the SHS reaction were titanium carbide containing excess carbon and metallic titanium, which were removed by additional leaching process. TEM observation revealed that the average diameter is about 20 nm. Neutron diffraction analysis was carried out to study non-stoichiometric number of the titanium carbide. The non-stoichiometric numbers of the titanium carbide were 0.89–0.94. The Rietveld refinement of each patterns converged to good agreement (÷2=0.49–1.34). The formation mechanism of the carbide is related to a liquid-solid reaction including the preferential diffusion process of carbon atom into liquid titanium. This article is based on a presentation made in the 2002 Korea-US symposium on the “Phase Transformations of Nano-Materials,” organized as a special program of the 2002 Annual Meeting of the Korean Institute of Metals and Materials, held at Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea on October 25–26, 2002.     

自蔓延烧结在金刚石制品中的应用

本文主要介绍了自蔓延高温合成技术的发展和特点,阐述了自蔓延高温合成技术在金刚石制品工业中应用的必要性和意义,分析了自蔓延高温合成技术在金刚石制品工业中应用的可行性,并介绍了国内外的应用研究现状,提出了自蔓延高温合成技术在超硬材料制品中的应用需要进一步研究解决的问题。     

基于SHS技术制备Al-Ti-C晶粒细化剂的研究

开发了一种制备Al-Ti-C晶粒细化剂的新方法--自蔓延高温合成法(SHS).分别采用直接SHS工艺和铝液中的SHS工艺制备出了所需的晶粒细化剂,结果表明:用SHS工艺直接合成的细化剂由Al和亚微米TiC粒子组成,而铝液中燃烧合成的细化剂则由Al、块状Al3Ti和粒状TiC组成.上述两种工艺制备的细化剂对工业纯铝均有良好的晶粒细化效果,但比较而言,铝液中的SHS工艺更适合细化剂的低成本制备.     

Preparation of low-oxygen Ti powder from TiO2 through combining self-propagating high temperature synthesis and electrodeoxidation

An effective method was reported to prepare low-oxygen Ti powder, which included two experimental steps: the fast conversion of TiO₂ to TiO_x<1 powder by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) process and the generation of low-oxygen Ti powder by electrodeoxidizing TiO_x<1 powder at the cathode in molten CaCl₂. The key intermediate steps were analyzed by XRD, SEM and electrochemical testing techniques. The results demonstrated that TiO_x<1 powder (TiO_0.325 and TiO_0.97) was generated after acid leaching MgO in SHS products with TiO₂/Mg molar ratio of 1:2, and the TiO_x<1 powder with 16.3 wt.% oxygen could be transformed into pure titanium powder with 0.121 wt.% oxygen by electrodeoxidation at a constant potential of -3.3 V for 10 h. The electrodeoxidation of TiO_x<1 powder in CaCl₂ molten salt follows the step-by-step deoxidation mode, and the lattice of TiO_x<1 powder after electrodeoxidation shrinks.     

自蔓延冶金法制备硼粉

提出了自蔓延冶金法制备硼粉的新工艺,由计算可知,B2O3-Mg反应体系的绝热温度为2 604 K,大于自蔓延判据温度1 800 K,故采用自蔓延反应是可行的.分析了添加剂MgO和预热温度对反应体系绝热温度的影响,并对B2O3-Mg体系的相关反应热力学数据进行了分析.由DTA分析可知,B2O3-Mg反应体系在1 123～1 203 K时的放热峰表观活化能为903.75 kJ/mol,反应级数为1.由XRD分析确定了燃烧产物以及各个阶段的浸出产物相组成,证实了三步浸出方案的可行性.考察了自蔓延反应初始条件对硼粉纯度的影响,硼粉纯度可达92.43%,平均粒度为0.5～0.8μm.     

STUDY OF PREPARATION PROCESS OF TUNGSTEN POWDER BY SHS WITH A MAGNESIUM THERMIT STAGE

Tungsten powder was fabricated from the system CaWOrMg by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) with a magnesium thermit stage. The physic-chemical change during heating and the effects of pressure of sample and diluents (W powder) on product have been studied. The experimental results show that the porosity of combustion product and the particle size of final tungsten powder decrease with increasing pressure of sample. Addition of diluents could increase the particle size of final tungsten powder. The purity of tungsten is improved by leaching in NaOH solution. The results of spectral analysis and particle size distribution of final tungsten powder show that the final Tungsten powder has a median diameter of 0.87μm, specific surface area of 1.09m^2/g and purity of above 99.0%.     

IGNITING SHS BY LASER AND ITS APPLICATION TO SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING OF METALLTC POWDER MATERIAL

How to directly fabricate metallic functional parts with selective laser sintering (SLS) process is a potential technique that scientists are researching. Existent problems during directly fabricating metal part by use of SIS are analyzed. For the sake of solving the problems, a new idea of adding self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) material into metallic powder material to form new type of SIS metallic powder material is put forward. This powder material can release controllable amount of heat during its interaction with the laser beam energy to reduce the requirement to laser power during directly sintering metallic part, to prolong the time of metallic liquid phase existing, and to improve the intensity and accuracy of SIS part. For this reason, SHS material‘s interaction with the CO2 laser beam energy is researched, which proves that CO2 laser beam energy may instantly ignite SHS reaction. On the basis of the above-mentioned researches, the effect of sintering the metal powder material mixing SHS material with CO2 laser is also researched,which shows: there is an optimal blending ratio of various material in the new metallic powder material. Under the optimal blending ratio and SIS process parameters, this new metallic powder material can indeed release amount of heat and SHS reaction may be controlled within the laser sintering. This research result makes it possible that the metallic part is directly sintered with small CO2 laser (less than 50W), which may greatly reduce the volume, cost and running expenditure of SIS machine, be propitious to application.     

陶瓷与金属梯度过渡层的自蔓延高温合成

陶瓷以优良的性能正成为极具潜力的新型结构材料,在其应用过程中往往需与金属连接,但因两者间的组织结构及物化性质相差悬殊,往往得不到满意的连接结果.在陶瓷与金属间用一定厚度的成分和结构呈梯度变化的梯度过渡层作为连接二者的焊缝层,是解决陶瓷与金属连接时所存在问题的较好措施之一.本文将自蔓延高温合成技术引入焊接领域,探索了陶瓷-金属焊接时接头中梯度过渡层的制备工艺.试验结果表明,采用自蔓延高温合成技术可成功地制取陶瓷-金属的梯度过渡层,这种过渡层可以有效地缓和因线膨胀系数差在陶瓷-金属焊接时界面处所产生的热应力,为获得综合性能良好的异种材料焊接接头开辟了一条新途径.     

The microstructural evolution of Ti2SnC from Sn–Ti–C system by Self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS)

A mechanism of Ti₂SnC from Sn–Ti–C powder mixture was investigated by the observation of the microstructural evolution in a quenched sample prepared using a combustion front self-extinguished method. Microstructural evolution in the quenched sample was observed using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy-dispersive spectrum (EDS), and the phase constituents of the different zones of the sample were inspected by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The result shows that, In the Ti–Sn–C system, Ti₆Sn₅ and TiC compounds were firstly formed, between Ti, Sn and C, and then Ti₆Sn₅ compounds reacted with TiC to form Ti₂SnC, at last Ti₂SnC began to decompose partly.     

自蔓延高温合成陶瓷内衬复合管的研究进展

概述了自蔓延高温合成(SHS)技术的特点;介绍了陶瓷内衬复合管的制备原理和工艺;分析了SHS在热力学、动力学以及燃烧合成机理上的研究.从提高陶瓷层的结合强度、韧性、致密度、耐腐蚀性等方面,综述了提高SHS陶瓷内衬复合管性能的措施.并指出了SHS陶瓷内衬复合管的研究方向.     

Influence of Fe Addition on Products of Self-Propagating High-Temperature Synthesis Reaction in 3Ti-Si-2C System

Influence of Fe addition on products of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) reaction in 3Ti-Si-2C system was investigated in the present study. Without Fe addition, Ti5Si3 and TiC are the dominant phases along with a small amount of Ti3SiC2 phase and unreacted C left in the final products. As Fe content ranges from 10% to 30%, the products consist of TiC, Ti5Si3, Fe2Ti and unreacted C, but no trace of Ti3SiC2 phase is detected. Furthermore, the amounts of both Fe2Ti and C phases increase with ...     

利用自蔓延高温合成工艺在铸钢表面制备TiC/Fe复合材料层

在干砂消失模铸造模样表面涂敷一层经压实的自蔓延高温合成（SHS）粉料（Ti粉、C粉、Al粉、Fe粉按一定比例配制）,浇注过程中钢液自动点燃SHS粉料,使其反应生成增强陶瓷相（TiC）。钢液铸渗到反应后的SHS陶瓷层中,使陶瓷增强相均匀地分散到熔融的表层金属中,从而使铸件表面获得TiC/Fe自生复合材料层。表面复合层硬度可达HRC54～59,经900℃×2h退火后,产生大量细小且弥散的二次TiC颗粒。     

Ignition time of self-propagating high-temperature synthesis by laser

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