絮凝剂DFT对酸性大红GR水溶液的脱色作用研究

文章研究了自制的絮凝剂DFT对酸性大红GR水溶液的脱色作用。考察了单独使用絮凝剂DFT处理酸性大红GR模拟废水时的DFT投加量、pH和絮凝时间等对脱色效果的影响,以及DFT与硫酸铝配合使用时的投加顺序、投加配比和酸度等的影响,并与Y0试剂的脱色性能进行了比较,结果表明,絮凝剂DFT的脱色效果明显优于Y0试剂。     

脱色絮凝剂DFA的合成及脱色性能研究

以双氰胺、甲醛为主要原料，通过加入一定的助剂及催化剂，合成一种具有广泛脱色效果的絮凝剂DFA，并表征其结构，研究其分子量、电荷密度等对大多数染料、尤其是活性、酸性染料的脱色效果影响。将本产品DFA与其它脱色絮凝剂进行脱色效果比较，结果表明，絮凝剂DFA在絮凝速度、脱色率两方面均有明显提高。同时对工业印染废水、印花废水的脱色、去除COD具有很好效果。     

新型阳离子絮凝剂的制备及对酸性品红的脱色性能

以双丙酮丙烯酰胺和丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵为原料,2-酮戊二酸为引发剂,采用光引发聚合方法制备了新型阳离子絮凝剂DAAM-DAC,并将其应用于酸性品红模拟废水处理中。考察了阳离子絮凝剂用量、温度、废水pH值、染料浓度对废水脱色率的影响。结果表明,新型阳离子絮凝剂的添加量为1000mg/L,废水pH为7.0,染料浓度为50 mg/L,温度为40℃,脱色时间为30 min,静置30 min,染料废水的脱色率可达到87.15%。     

印染废水脱色絮凝剂浅析

本文针对印染废水中染料的存在状态,简述染料显色机理和脱色机理,对脱色絮凝剂进行了分类,介绍了国内外在脱色絮凝剂方面的研究和进展,并展望了印染脱色絮凝剂的未来发展。     

P(AM-DM C-MPMS)/PFS絮凝剂的复配及其脱色应用

利用新型絮凝剂聚(丙烯酰胺-甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷)[P(AM-DMC-MPMS)]与聚合硫酸铁(PFS)为原料,制备出复配絮凝剂,并利用复配型絮凝剂对染料和印染废水进行了絮凝研究.结果表明复配絮凝剂P(AM-DMC-MPMs)/PFS是复合相容体系,对染料废水的絮凝效果优于P(AM-DMC)/PFS,对印染废水的最大脱色率为82.57%(剂量55.68 mg/L),优于PFS的脱色效果.     

新型粘土复合絮凝剂脱色性能的试验研究

利用一种廉价易得的粘土物质与聚合羟基铁离子进行聚合反应得到了一种新型粘土复合絮凝剂,以模拟亚甲基蓝和碱性品红染料废水作为处理对象进行了絮凝脱色试验研究,并对脱色机理进行了探讨。结果表明:该絮凝剂对亚甲基兰和碱性品红2种模拟印染废水均有较高的脱色能力,在投加量为3g/L时对亚甲基兰的脱色率达98.0%,对碱性品红的脱色率达98.3%;复合絮凝剂对染料的脱色是通过粘土的吸附和金属羟基离子的絮凝两种作用共同完成的。     

改性硅藻土复配聚合氯化铝对染料废水脱色的研究

用以改性硅藻土干混聚合氯化铝制得的复合絮凝剂进行染料废水脱色研究.实验表明,复合絮凝剂对活性艳红染料溶液的处理效果高于各单个组分的处理效果.在配比一定的情况下,原水pH和药剂投加量对脱色率的影响较大,其他因素对脱色率影响较小.在最佳条件下脱色率高达99.7％.改性硅藻土复配聚合氯化铝絮凝剂具有脱色率高、絮体沉降性能好等...     

PSAZS-CMC复合絮凝剂对分散染料废水的脱色研究

以分散大红GG、分散棕S3R、分散蓝FBL3种染料废水为处理对象,研究了新型复合絮凝剂聚硅酸铝锌-羧甲基纤维素钠(PSAZS-CMC)对分散染料废水的脱色性能。结果表明,复合絮凝剂处理分散大红GG和分散蓝FBL的适宜pH值范围为5～11,而处理分散棕S3R的适宜pH值范围为8～11。在最佳pH值条件下,当废水初始浓度为100mg·L~(-1)、投加量为2mL·L~(-1)时,3种染料废水的最大脱色率分别为96.13%、92.81%、94.79%。废水中无机盐的存在会降低PSAZS-CMC的絮凝脱色能力,且随着盐浓度的增大而逐渐增强。该絮凝剂处理分散染料废水时,投加量少,pH值适用范围宽,脱色效果好,表现出较好的絮凝性能。     

炭石灰在含曙红染料废水脱色中的应用

以炭石灰投加量、搅拌时间、反应温度和废水pH为影响因子,考察炭石灰对含曙红染料废水的脱色效果。实验结果表明:在炭石灰投加量为3.5 g、吸附时间为70 min、反应温度为45℃时脱色效果最佳,曙红Y染料模拟废水的脱色率可达99.32%。     

复合絮凝剂对染料废水的脱色作用

用羧甲基壳聚糖(CMCTS)复合聚合氯化铁(PFC)对相对分子质量较小的活性染料模拟废水进行脱色处理.结果表明,引入PFC作为助凝剂的脱色效果优于单纯使用CMCTS.采用此复合絮凝剂处理染料废水的最佳条件为pH=5,CMCTS和PFC的投加质量浓度分别为90 mg/L和2 mg/L.在此优化条件下,染料废水的脱色率可达93.8%,COD去除率达89.6%.     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。