水泥-粉煤灰的颗粒群匹配与其胶砂性能的关系研究

本文将某低钙灰试样经粉磨处理,以不同比例与一定细度的纯硅酸盐水泥进行匹配,制成一系列粉煤灰水泥试样。根据Dinger-Funk的数学模型可得出粉体最佳颗粒群分布(即堆积密度达最大时的分布),并通过水泥与粉煤灰激光粒度检测结果计算各粉煤灰水泥的实际颗粒群分布。运用灰色关联分析原理,考察各粉煤灰水泥试样的颗粒群分布与Dinger-Funk最紧密堆积颗粒群分布的相关性。同时,对各粉煤灰水泥进行标准稠度用水量以及胶砂强度测定。结果证明:当粉煤灰与水泥的匹配后的颗粒群分布与最紧密堆积的关联度较高时,相应的粉煤灰水泥标准稠度用水量较少,胶砂强度则较高。     

不同颗粒群匹配时粉煤灰-水泥复合体系的强度预测模型

用一系列不同细度的粉煤灰与纯硅酸盐水泥按4：6比例组成各个复合胶凝体系试样．以各试样的早期水化结合水指标作为化学活性匹配参数、各试样实测堆积密度与计算堆积密度之比作为颗粒群堆积密实程度参数，将各试样28d胶砂活性分别与化学活性匹配参数、颗粒群匹配密实程度参数进行灰色关联分析。结果表明：（1）复合体系颗粒群的化学活性匹配以及颗粒群堆积密实程度与28d胶砂活性的关联度较为相近，对强度影响的权值也较为相近；（2）由权值可以获得归一化的复合体系28d活性预测值Hi，并以Hi为立面指标，水泥与粉煤灰颗粒群的匹配为平面指标，运用Origin软件能进行复合体系活性与颗粒群匹配分布趋势的预测分析.     

多元胶凝粉体复合效应的研究

在水泥中掺人具有不同颗粒分布和活性的细掺合料可以获得多元胶凝粉体材料。采用标准稠度用水量法和环境扫描电镜研究了多元粉体体系的紧密堆积效应。提出用标准稠度需水量比作为确定紧密堆积效应的实验方法。用水化热和抗压强度实验研究了多元胶凝粉体材料各组分的水化进程匹配和复合胶凝效应,测定了多元胶凝粉体大体积混凝土的强度和绝热温升过程。实验结果表明：改变胶凝组分的品种、含量和细度可以调控多元胶凝粉体的绝热温升和强度发展过程。以满足配置高性能混凝土的特殊技术需求。     

超硫酸盐水泥实际与最密集堆积的灰色关联度与抗压强度的关系

本文采用激光粒度分析仪测试超硫酸盐水泥粉体粒径,用以反映超硫酸盐水泥的粒径分布;采用机械压力法制备的超硫酸盐水泥干粉压实体,其空隙率可以宏观上反映颗粒间的物理堆积密实度;根据Dinger-Funk数学模型得出粉体最佳颗粒群分布即最紧密堆积颗粒群分布;运用灰色关联分析原理考察粉体实际颗粒群分布与最紧密堆积颗粒群分布的相关性;基于以上分析建立水泥净浆抗压强度与超硫酸盐水泥堆积效应的关系.试验结果表明:超硫酸盐水泥粉体实际颗粒群分布与最紧密堆积颗粒群分布的相关性越高,压实体空隙率越低,抗压强度越高.     

水泥-矿粉复合胶凝体系的优化配伍

建立特细水泥-较粗矿粉、特细水泥-特细矿粉、普通细度水泥-普通细度矿粉、普通细度水泥-较细矿粉4个细度配伍系列,每一系列内矿粉均以一定掺量替代水泥形成复合胶凝体系试样。利用水泥与矿粉激光粒度检测结果计算复合胶凝体系的颗粒群分布,运用灰色关联分析方法计算复合胶凝颗粒群分布曲线与理想颗粒群分布—Fuller曲线的关联度;同时测定复合胶凝体系试样的胶砂流动度、净浆流变性能和不同龄期的活性值。结果表明:试样实际颗粒群分布与Fuller曲线灰色关联度值与其胶砂流动度存在良好的相关性,即灰色关联度值较高时试样的流动度较好;在掺量较低范围(低于60%)矿粉的介入对复合体系屈服应力和黏度影响有限,而大掺量后则随矿粉细度变细和掺量增加显著提高浆体的屈服应力与黏度;各细度配伍系列均呈现矿粉掺量为50%时胶砂活性值相对较高,且普通细度水泥-较细矿粉配伍试样的活性值最为理想。综上可知以比表面积为300~350m2/kg的普通细度水泥配伍比表面积为400~450m2/kg较细细度矿粉,且矿粉掺量为50%左右较为适宜。     

水泥-矿渣体系颗粒群配伍与其胶砂性能的关系研究

将不同颗粒群分布的矿渣，水泥按50%比例混合，测其胶砂流动度比和7d、28d抗折，抗压活性系数，应用Origin软件，以宏观性能指标为Z轴，水泥与矿渣D50差为X轴，水泥与矿渣混合样的粉体D50为Y轴，进行三维区域图分析。给出各项性能指标发展趋势与水泥，矿渣的相对位置以及混合体系总体细度的相互关系，并给出了最佳的水泥-矿渣颗粒群配伍建议。     

三乙醇胺系矿渣复合助磨剂的实验研究

通过测试矿渣微粉筛余,比表面积和粒度分布,研究3种三乙醇胺系助磨剂对矿渣粉磨的作用效果,同时利用粒度粒形检测仪和扫描电镜分析了矿渣微粉的颗粒群形貌,并探讨了助磨剂对矿渣微粉活性指数及水泥-矿渣基胶凝材料标准稠度、凝结时间和安定性的影响.结果表明:三种助磨剂均能不同程度降低矿渣微粉筛余,提高其比表面积,提高幅度为5.3％～13.5％;掺入助磨剂后,矿渣微粉颗粒群的圆度降低,粗糙度与伸长度增加,粒度分布发生变化,0～20 μm颗粒含量显著增加;水泥-矿渣基胶凝材料凝结时间缩短,标准稠度变化不大,安定性符合国家标准;助磨剂能显著提高矿渣微粉的活性指数,提升其质量等级.三种助磨剂以三乙醇胺复配无机盐的效果最好.     

胶凝组分粒度特性对水泥性能影响的研究评述

介绍了具有胶凝活性的粉煤灰、矿渣、纳米材料的颗粒特性对水泥性能影响的研究,包括颗粒级配区间的优化、颗粒尺寸分布模型以及矿物掺合料的作用机理.细度对水泥强度的贡献很大,特别是在水化初期;目前大多研究中的紧密堆积模型采用fuller分布,可改善浆体的结构;高活性胶凝颗粒、水泥颗粒和低活性胶凝颗粒分别取代细、中和粗颗粒区间,可优化区间提高整体性能.最后对目前国内外研究成果的总结分析,展望了胶凝组分粒度特性的未来研究方向.     

颗粒级配对高掺量粉煤灰干混砂浆性能影响的研究

依据颗粒紧密堆积理论,一般采用Andreasen方程计算粉体紧密堆积用于表征粉体颗粒的级配作用.通过研究不同粒径粉煤灰对高粉煤灰掺量干混砂浆的性能影响,研究得出:颗粒太细的粉煤灰,会更加偏离原来的紧密堆积状态,不但不能充分发挥其微观填充的补强作用,反而大大降低强度.因此,使用粉煤灰与水泥复合掺配时,特别是高粉煤灰掺量,需要考虑颗粒与颗粒之间的相互补充作用,使胶凝材料的颗粒粒径分布更趋近于紧密堆积,从而提高基体材料的密实度,保持较高干混砂浆性能.     

基于反向填充制备低碳水泥基材料

为了提高水泥利用效率,降低水泥基材料的碳排放,提出基于反向填充实现紧密堆积的设想,并将其应用于超细水泥-石灰石二元粉体体系中.采用可压缩模型计算和最小需水量法实测超细水泥-石灰石二元粉体体系的堆积密实度.结果表明:超细水泥在25％掺量时,体系堆积密实度达到最大;提高石灰石粉-超细水泥的粒径比,可使体系堆积密实度进一步提高.达到最大堆积密实度的超细水泥-石灰石胶凝体系水灰比为0.44,水固比可降低到0.11,并具有良好的流动性.硬化浆体中水泥充分水化,其90 d抗压强度可达81.5 MPa.所制备的反向填充水泥基胶凝材料具有显著的低碳特点,其单位质量胶凝材料碳排放量约为超高性能混凝土基体材料平均值的一半.     

Effect of superfine slag powder on cement properties

The particle size distribution (PSD) of the dense packing powder and that of actual cement powder was analyzed to explain the packing effect of superfine powder. The degrees of hydration of slag powders with specific surface area ranging from 300 to 800m²/kg were calculated to illustrate the enhancement of pozzolanic effect. As an examination of the analysis, blended cement mortars and pastes incorporating superfine slag powder were tested for strength and mercury intrusion, respectively. It was found that owing to the packing effect, the porosity and pore size distribution of the pastes were improved; because of the more complete hydration of the superfine slag section, the strength of the mortars increased and had good correlation with the hydration degree of the slag powder calculated.     

Improved Equation of the Continuous Particle Size Distribution for Dense Packing

The Furnas model describes the discrete particle size distribution for densest packing. Using a model that considers a continuous particle size distribution for the densest packing to be a mixture of infinite Furnas discrete particle size groups, an equation for the cumulative particle size distribution providing the densest packing was derived. Monosize particles with different shapes have a different packing pore fraction. One parameter in the equation is the pore fraction of packed monosize particles; the particle size distribution for achieving densest packing is a function of this pore fraction. A reduced form of this equation is also presented as a working equation. The equation derived here is compared to the modified Andreasen equation for dense packing. An equation and the correlated graph for calculating theoretically the geometric mean particle size and an equation for calculating the specific surface area of the particle size distribution of the improved equation are also derived.     

Studies of the Effects of Particle Size Distribution on the Packing Efficiency of Particles

In the studies of pigment volume effects in paint films, particle packing has been shown to be very important. The effects of particle size distribution on this packing has been known but has received little quantitative consideration. In this paper we consider the packing of real and model continuous distributions of particle sizes. An extension of an algorithm for the calculation of random densest packing is given which applies to continuous distributions. Using a log-normal distribution as a model, the effect of the width of a single distribution on packing is considered. Mixtures of distributions are also considered with the calculation of packing efficiency as a function of mean size ratio and distribution widths. Maxima are shown to occur in the packing efficiency of mixtures of distributions as a function of the volume fractions of the individual distributions. The implications of these packing variations in real systems are then discussed.     

矿渣微粉粒度分布对水泥性能的影响

利用灰色关联分析方法,研究了矿渣微粉的粒度分布对矿渣水泥性能的影响。研究结果表明:0~5μm、5~11μm的矿渣微粉颗粒分别对3 d、28 d强度有显著影响;0~23μm的矿渣粉颗粒对3 d,28 d强度起增进作用;水泥强度随23μm的矿渣微粉颗粒含量增大而降低。因此,可以通过优化矿渣微粉的粒度分布来改善水泥性能。     

煤矸石颗粒群分布与其水泥性能的关系

把对经过热激活处理的煤矸石试样按不同粉磨工艺处理成具有不同颗粒群分布的试样,用激光粒度仪对煤矸石粉体试样进行了颗粒群分布测试,并以Rosin-Rammler线性回归进行拟合。在均匀性系数n,特征粒径De与勃氏比表面积S三个颗粒群特征参量中,分别确定其一,变化其它参量进行煤矸石水泥胶砂宏观性能测试,以期考察煤矸石粉体颗粒群分布与其水泥性能的关系。     

水泥熟料与辅助性胶凝材料优化匹配的基础研究进展(Ⅰ)——物理效应

本文分析了复合水泥性能较差的本质原因,并指出优化水泥浆的初始堆积状态和水化进程是改善复合水泥性能的根本途径。在分析经典颗粒堆积模型和水泥颗粒级配模型优缺点的基础上,提出了复合水泥的颗粒级配模型,显著提高了新拌水泥浆体的初始堆积密度(最大固含量提高10%),以改善复合水泥的性能。     

Particle packings minimizing density gradients of coarse-grained compacts

The influence of particle size distributions on the density, density gradient and strength of uniaxially two-sided die-pressed cylinders was investigated. To design the particle size distributions with a maximum grain size of 3 mm, a continuous gap-grading model was applied. The bulk densities were measured before and after firing (1600 °C) and the cold crushing strength after firing. Some fired samples were axially and radially cut to analyze the density distribution and gradients. Densities and strength correlated and were highest for increasing amounts of the finest fraction (0–0.02 mm) up to 45 wt%. The density gradients were lowest for high amounts of fines leading to an improved pressure transmission and densest packing. Additionally, the gradients were low for high amounts of coarse grains leading to a pressure transmission through a formed coarse grain skeleton. Summarized, densest compacts with lowest density gradients were achieved for particle packings with a reduced amount of medium sized grains.     

矿渣粉颗粒群参数对矿渣活性和混合水泥性能的影响

以混合材料的填充效应和微集料效应为基础,测试了不同颗粒分布矿渣粉制备的水泥的物理性能,研究了矿渣粉颗粒群参数对水泥使用性能和混合水泥抗压强度比的影响。结果表明,矿渣粉颗粒分布宽、粗大化有利于混合水泥使用性能的提高;同时,颗粒堆积密度也影响混合水泥抗压强度比的高低,但主要对早期作用明显,而后期的抗压强度比则与矿渣粉的比表面积直接相关。