一步法制备N,N'-双(羟乙基)-均苯四甲酸二酰亚胺

采用一步法制备N,N'-双(羟乙基)-均苯四甲酸二酰亚胺,并采用红外(FT-IR)、核磁氢谱(1H-NMR)、核磁碳谱(13C-NMR)、高效液相色谱(HPLC)等对其结构进行表征.证明乙醇胺与均苯四甲酸酐反应,生成酰亚胺环结构且亚胺化反应完全.采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)观察发现,制备的N,N'-双(羟乙基)-均苯四...     

不饱和聚酯亚胺树脂基复合材料的热性能及流变性能

采用N,N'-4,4'双(4'-羧酸邻苯二甲酰亚胺基)二苯甲烷(BTI),N,N'-4,4'双(4'-羧酸邻苯二甲酰亚胺基)二苯醚(BEI),N,N'-4,4'双(4'-羧酸邻苯二甲酰亚胺基)二苯砜(BSI)三种不同结构亚胺二元酸中间体,通过熔融缩聚分别合成出新型含亚胺结构的不饱和聚酯树脂.利用DSC、TG等方法研究了不饱和聚酯/玻璃纤维复合材料的热性能和流变性能.结果表明,在不饱和聚酯分子链段中引入亚胺结构,复合材料的热性能得到明显改善,含BEI复合材料的表观分解温度提高了38℃;含BTI复合材料的熔体质量流动速率达到186.286g/10 min,提高了76.368g/10min.     

芳香酸镧配合物的制备及其共混改性PA66纤维的性能研究

分别采用溶液法与低温固相法合成了芳香酸镧配合物偏苯三甲酸镧(LaTLA)和均苯四甲酸镧(LaHbtec),并用于制备共混改性聚酰胺66(PA 66)纤维;对LaTLA和LaHbtec的结构和热稳定性进行了表征,并对2种合成方法进行比较;研究了LaTLA和LaHbtec对PA 66的热性能,以及PA 66纤维的力学性能及...     

钙钛矿太阳能电池中含三苯胺线形空穴传输材料的性能研究

为寻找适用于钙钛矿电池中的空穴传输材料,运用Marcus电荷转移理论和量子化学方法,研究了4种典型含三苯胺的线形空穴传输材料N,N,N',N'-四苯基-1,1'-联苯-4,4'-二胺(TPBA)、N,N'-二(3-甲基苯基-N,N'-二苯基-1,1'-联苯-4,4'-二胺(TPD)、N,N'-二苯基-N,N'-(1-萘基)-1,1'-联苯-4,4'-二胺(NPB)和4,4'-二咔唑基-1,1'-联苯(CBP)的空穴传输性质随着结构改变的变化规律。     

有机羧酸盐的合成及其改善PA 66抗黄变性与力学性能研究

以有机羧酸、稀土或过渡金属为原料,采用水热法合成有机羧酸盐如丁烷四酸镧、丁烷四酸铈、丁烷四酸锌以及马来酸镧和硬脂酸镧,然后将有机羧酸盐用于改善聚己二酰己二胺(PA 66)的抗黄变性和力学性能。结果表明:有机羧酸盐中,羧基氧与稀土金属形成双齿螯合,与过渡金属锌则以单齿键合,稀土金属盐的热稳定性低于锌盐;有机羧酸盐均一定程度地改善了PA 66的抗黄变性,提高了PA 66的力学性能,但加快了PA 66主链热降解反应,PA 66热稳定性降低;丁烷四酸镧质量分数为10%时,其改性PA 66的黄变指数下降至16.1,抗黄变效果最好。     

聚酰胺酸溶液酰亚胺化程度控制及其对PI薄膜性能影响

乙酐/吡啶混合溶剂加入均苯四羧酸二酐(PMDA)–4,4’–二氨基二苯醚(ODA)型聚酰胺酸溶液中,发生化学酰亚胺化,得到酰胺酸-酰亚胺共聚物(PA–I)。通过旋转黏度计和傅立叶变换红外光谱的系统研究,当酰亚胺化程度达到26%左右时,溶液发生相分离。选择合适的溶液浓度、乙酐含量、反应时间,能够对PA–I均相溶液的酰亚胺化程度实施控制。用不同酰亚胺化程度的PA–I溶液进行热酰亚胺化,获得聚酰亚胺薄膜。研究结果表明,酰亚胺化程度较高的PA–I溶液,所制聚酰亚胺薄膜呈现出较高有序程度的聚集态结构,较高的拉伸强度和拉伸弹性模量。     

含羟基聚酰亚胺改性环氧胶的制备及性能研究

将3,3'-二氨基-4,4'-二羟基联苯(DADHBP)、2,2-双(3-氨基-4-羟基苯基)六氟丙烷(BAH-PFP)和3,3',4,4'-四羧酸二苯醚二酐(ODPA)、3,3',4,4'-四羧酸二苯甲酮二酐(BTDA)单体聚合,再经亚胺化得到含羟基聚酰亚胺(HPI)粉末,采用傅里叶红外光谱对其进行了表征。由HPI、烯丙基双酚A、双马来酰亚胺、2-乙基-4-甲基咪唑与N,N,N',N'-四缩水甘油基-4,4'-二氨基二苯甲烷(TGDDM)共聚反应制得胶粘剂,并对胶粘剂的热性能、力学性能及吸水性进行了研究,结果表明:该胶拉伸剪切强度为21.1 MPa,固化后吸水率为0.49%。通过凝胶化时间法计算胶粘剂的表观活化能为64.5 kJ/mol。     

一种主链带侧基的聚酰亚胺薄膜的制备与性能研究

室温下,通过溶液酰亚胺法使3,3’-二甲基-4,4’-二氨基二苯甲烷与3,3’,4,4’-二苯醚四羧酸二酐(ODPA)和3,3’,4,4’-二苯酮四羧酸二酐(BTDA)进行缩聚反应,制备了一种可溶性的主链带侧基的聚酰亚胺。这种聚酰亚胺很容易溶解于诸如NMP、DMAc和DMF等强极性溶剂．通过对其成品膜的可溶性、热稳定性、动态机械性能的初步分析,知道其具有良好的热稳定性和机械性能：热分解温度超过了500,200℃以下其贮能模量超过10^8 Pa。从DMA图中观测到其T2大约为250℃。因此,通过溶液缩聚制得的这种带侧基的聚酰亚胺薄膜具有许多良好的性能,可以被用在诸多方面．     

4,4'-二叔丁基二苯甲烷溴化物的合成

4,4'-二叔丁基二苯甲烷溴化物是一种重要的有机合成中间体,以二苯基甲烷为原料通过傅-克烷基化,以及在铁为催化剂,与溴素反应生成了4,4'-二叔丁基二苯甲烷溴化物,重点研究了溴的量及滴加速度对4,4'-二叔丁基二苯甲烷溴化物的影响。     

測定微量鋁的新試剂

(口底)唑学名[2,2′-二磺酸4,4′双(偶氮-1″)3″,4″-二羟基苯]二苯乙烯铵盐,是全苏试剂科学研究所合成的新化合物,并推荐作为用比色法测定微量铝离子的特效灵敏试剂。其结构式为:     

乙苯,苯乙烯的生产及合成乙苯,苯乙烯催化剂的研究进展

苯乙烯是重要的石油化工原料。本文介绍了国内外苯乙烯生产的发展概况，合成乙苯，苯乙烯所用的催化剂种类，并就苯乙烯生产及催化剂的发展趋势提出了自己的观点。     

Synthesis and characterization of homopolymers and copolymers of various acrylates and acrylonitrile

Various homopolymers and copolymers of methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, and acrylonitrile in different feed ratios were synthesized. These were characterized by IR, ¹³C-NMR, DSC, DTA, and TGA. Spectroscopic characterization helped in differentiating copolymers of different mol ratios. Thermal analysis revealed different degradation patterns for homopolymers and copolymers. The temperature and energy changes associated with various phase transitions were dependent on the chemical composition of homo- and copolymers, as expected. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

生物质气化及生物质与煤共气化技术的研发与应用

总结了生物质原料的特点及生物质单独气化的缺点;介绍了国内外生物质气化技术及生物质与煤共气化技术的研发与应用现状;分析了在此领域国内外的发展趋势与前景;概括了开展生物质与煤共气化技术研发的意义。     

Electronic structures and reactivities of monometallic and bimetallic clusters of Au and Cu

The variation of the Au 4f binding energy of Au clusters with the cluster size has been established by measuring the binding energies of clusters whose size distributions were independently determined by HREM and STM. The binding energy increases significantly when the cluster size is less than 2 nm. Au-Cu bimetallic clusters of the composition Cu₃Au have been deposited for the first time on carbon substrates. The shifts in the core level binding energies of the bimetallic clusters show the effect of alloying in the case of large clusters, but show effects of both alloying and cluster size in the case of the small clusters. The interaction of CO with Cu₃Au clusters is stronger than with a bulk Cu metal. The interaction of CO with small Cu clusters also seems to be stronger than with bulk Cu or with large Cu clusters.     

钾盐资源及钾肥供需情况分析及预测

阐述了国内外钾盐资源及钾肥生产现状,对国内外钾盐的供需形势进行了分析及预测,从资源、原材料、国际市场三方面提出了解决我国钾盐短缺的措施。     

Kinetics and Mechanism of Oxidation of Mono- and Polyacetals

Abstract

Kinetics and mechanisms of oxidation of 6 acetals by molecular oxygen and ozone in liquid phase have been studied. Reaction with molecular oxygen (70°C, 15–16 hr) leads to the formation monoethers of the corresponding glycols with 68–90% selectivity. Salts of metals and complexes with crown-ethers have increased the reaction rate significally. Ozone have reacted with acetals with formation similar products. The mechanisms of intermediate stages have been proposed.     

Comparison of the Adhesion and Cohesion of Triblock and Random Copolymers of Styrene and Butadiene

A substantially greater detachment energy is required to strip a polyethylene tereph-thalate (Mylar) film from a styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) triblock copolymer compared to that for peeling from a random styrene-butadiene (SBR) copolymer. This is true even though the intrinsic interaction between the Mylar and each elastomer is expected to be similar because of their virtually identical chemical composition. It is proposed that this difference in peel strength (between the SBS and SBR) is a consequence of the much higher dissipative capacity of the former elastomer. Another manifestation of this is the higher cohesive tear strength of the SBS compared to the SBR. Extents of energy dissipation within each elastomer during detachment of the Mylar adherend are consistent with the hypothesis that the average maximum stress experience before detachment is some similar fraction of each elastomer's tensile strength.     

实施水泵节能技改 实现节能降耗

介绍了内蒙古亿利化学工业有限公司在满足生产的前提下,对现有的循环水泵实施的节能技改及效果。     

责任和责任心的涵义与结构

责任是人应主动承担的角色义务和对其因过失所造成后果应承担的责罚.有两层涵义:一是义务;二是后果.责任心是个体自觉做好分内事务和履行道德义务的心理倾向,是个性心理品质成分中自我特征维度上的重要内容.责任心具有两个方面的涵义:一是角色分内职责;二是角色道德义务.责任心是一种通过责任认知、责任个性和责任适应的动态形式表现出来的静态品质,责任心是责任心过程结构与责任心关系结构相互制约、相互影响的统一体.     

二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵和丙烯酰胺的合成及应用

用复合引发体系(过硫酸盐-偶氮类引发剂)和脂肪胺类氧化还原体系引发,在实验室获得了单体转化率≥98%,特性粘数高于13.6 dL/g的阳离子共聚物PDA,探讨了控制聚合物分子量的影响因素.