光致变色PVA/PEI纳米纤维膜制备及性能

针对传统光致变色纤维膜受酸碱等外界影响易导致变色效率低,以及稳定性不高的问题,提出在传统静电纺丝制备PVA/PEI纳米纤维膜的基础上,负载光致变色纳米微球,然后与戊二醛交联,得到性能稳定的光致变色纤维膜,并考察了PVA/PEI质量比、戊二醛交联以及光致变色纳米微球含量对光致变色纤维膜性能的影响。结果表明：在PVA/PEI的质量比为75∶25,光致变色微球的含量为10%时,经过戊二醛交联的光致变色纤维膜表面光滑,串珠连续且均匀;随着紫外光照的增加,纤维膜的颜色逐步加深,但当光致变色微球的含量大于10%时,颜色不再发生变化;将光致变色纤维膜浸水24h,纤维膜仍保持连续且均匀的多孔纤维结构。根据以上试验看出,纤维膜材料可用于环境领域中,以达到美化环境的目的。     

静电纺抗紫外PVA/芦丁纳米纤维膜的制备及其性能研究

以聚乙烯醇(PVA)为原料,以芦丁为改性剂,将PVA与芦丁共混于去离子水中,通过静电纺丝制备抗紫外PVA/芦丁纳米纤维膜,并对其性能进行表征。结果表明:静电纺丝工艺条件为电压20 k V,纺丝速度0.5 m L/h,接收距离10 cm,温度30℃;加入少量芦丁,对PVA静电纺丝成纤性无影响,但纤维直径增大,直径均匀性变差;纤维中PVA与芦丁之间存在氢键;相对PVA,芦丁质量分数为4.76%时,PVA/芦丁纳米纤维膜的纤维平均直径为302 nm,抗紫外系数大于40,具有良好的抗紫外性能。     

PVA/Au纳米复合纤维的制备及表征

以聚乙烯醇(PVA)为还原剂和保护剂,采用PVA还原氯金酸(HAuCl4)制备纳米金(Au),一步法制备PVA/Au溶液,通过静电纺丝制备了PVA/Au纳米复合纤维.利用紫外可见光谱仪、透明电镜和扫描电镜对PVA/Au纳米复合纤维进行了表征.结果表明:随着HAuCl4浓度的增加,Au纳米粒子的粒径逐渐增大;HAuCl4...     

静电纺淀粉/PVA纳米纤维的制备及其交联改性研究

为了提高淀粉纤维的力学性能和水稳定性,使淀粉纤维可以更好地应用于纺织、医药和生物工程等领域,采用静电纺丝法制备淀粉/聚乙烯醇(PVA)纳米纤维,并选择淀粉/PVA质量比为40/60的纳米纤维与戊二醛进行交联。通过扫描电镜、红外光谱(FTIR)仪、差示扫描量热(DSC)分析仪以及万能材料试验机等对纳米纤维的形貌、结构、热性能、力学性能和耐水性等进行了研究。结果表明:随着PVA含量的逐渐升高,淀粉/PVA纳米纤维的直径逐渐变小;FTIR和DSC测试显示淀粉和PVA仅仅是简单的物理共混;两种材料的共混可有效提高纳米纤维的力学性能,当淀粉/PVA质量比为40/60时,淀粉/PVA纳米纤维的力学性能最好;当淀粉/PVA纳米纤维与戊二醛进行交联3~24 h时,淀粉/PVA纳米纤维的接触角由28.31°提高到62.94°,其中交联时间9 h时,接触角为60.18°。     

小麦蛋白/聚乙烯醇复合纳米纤维的制备及其表征

以小麦蛋白、聚乙烯醇(PVA)为原料,采用静电纺丝法制备小麦蛋白/PVA共混复合纳米纤维,重点研究纺丝液质量分数、电压、接收距离对纤维形态的影响,利用扫描电镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱、X-射线衍射光谱对纤维的形态与结构进行表征。结果表明:在纺丝液质量分数10%、小麦蛋白与PVA质量比8∶2、电压12 kV、接收距离10 cm的条件下,可以制备平均直径为280 nm左右的均一、表面光滑的纳米纤维。小麦蛋白与PVA复合后,分子间以氢键结合。     

TiO2纳米纤维的电纺制备与表征

以PVP作为络合剂与Ti（C4H9O）4反应制得前驱体,采用静电纺丝法制得PVP／TiO2纳米复合纤维后在马弗炉中煅烧,并采用SEM、TG—DTA、XRD等对纳米纤维进行了表征。结果表明：适当增加Ti（C4H9O）4浓度、增加静电电压、减小喷射速度和升高煅烧温度,电纺丝纤维直径变细;PVP／TiO2复合纤维煅烧至550℃时得到的为纯TiO2;经400℃、600℃、700％、900％煅烧后分别得到开始出现锐钛矿型的TiO2、以锐钛矿型的TiO2为主、以金红石型的TiO2为主和完全金红石晶型的TiO2纳米纤维。     

PHBV/PEG电纺纤维膜的制备及其结构与性能表征

将聚羟基丁酸戊酸酯(PHBV)与聚乙二醇(PEG)进行共混,以三氯甲烷/乙醇为溶剂,采用静电纺丝方法,制备PHBV/PEG电纺纤维膜,并对其结构与性能进行表征。结果表明:PHBV/PEG共混物溶液的浓度为0.1 mg/L,静电纺丝得到的PHBV/PEG电纺纤维膜纤维表面光滑,具有较好的吸水性、透气性及力学性能;当PHBV/PEG共混物中PEG质量分数为20%时,纤维直径为776 nm,表面接触角为81°,吸水率达到369.5%,水蒸气透过率为2 119.5 g/(m~2·d),拉伸强度为4.34 MPa,拉伸模量为167.4 MPa,断裂伸长率为48.8%。     

电纺纳米纤维膜荧光传感器在重金属检测中的应用

概述了静电纺丝纳米纤维膜荧光传感器的传感原理;根据传感方式的不同,静电纺丝纳米纤维膜荧光传感器可分为淬灭型、增强型和比率型,综述了这3种荧光传感器在重金属离子检测方面的研究进展;最后对静电纺丝纳米纤维膜荧光传感器的前景进行了展望。     

PVA纳米纤维自增强薄膜的制备及性能研究

通过静电纺丝法制备硼酸交联的聚乙烯醇(PVA)纳米纤维,然后与PVA水溶液复合,制备PVA纳米纤维自增强薄膜.采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X-射线衍射(XRD)表征PVA纳米纤维的形貌和结晶度,采用紫外可见光谱(UV-Vis)表征自增强薄膜的透光性,采用万能材料试验机和SEM表征自增强薄膜的力学性能和微观形貌,采用热...     

Characterization of CS/PVA/GO electrospun nanofiber membrane with astaxanthin

Tissue engineering has been widely used in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering scaffolds have become a new research direction for periodontal regenerative repair. We aim to develop a biological scaffold material that can support host immunity and promote periodontal regeneration. In this paper, chitosan (CS)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/graphene oxide (GO)/astaxanthin (ASTA) nanofibers membranes were prepared by electrospinning. The nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy, mechanical testing, antibacterial testing and cytotoxicity testing. The CS/PVA/GO/ASTA nanofiber membrane had favorable micro-morphology, good mechanical properties and no cytotoxicity. This preliminary study demonstrates that the CS/PVA/GO/ASTA nanofiber membrane can be used for in vivo and in vitro experiments related to periodontal regeneration. The related mechanism of periodontal regeneration will be evaluated in future studies.     

PAN/MWNTs纳米纤维薄膜的制备和性能

采用浓硝酸和浓硫酸混合溶液将多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)进行功能化处理,与聚丙烯腈(PAN)共混,通过静电纺丝制备了PAN/MWNTs纳米纤维薄膜。分析了MWNTs的结构和分散性及PAN/MWNTs纳米纤维的性能。结果表明,经过混酸处理后,MWNTs表面产生了羧基官能团,可以长时间稳定均匀分散在N,N′-二甲基乙酰胺(DMF)溶液中。混酸处理后的MWNTs在PAN基体中均匀分散,减少了静电纺丝过程中珠滴地形成。添加MWNTs后,PAN纳米纤维的强度提高,含MWNTs质量分数5%的PAN纳米纤维的拉伸强度提高了35.48%。     

聚苯砜对苯二甲酰胺/苝系荧光材料复合静电纺膜的制备与表征

聚苯砜对苯二甲酰胺(PSA)纤维在防护领域具有广泛的应用,笔者在其纺丝溶液中引入苝系荧光功能材料POSS-PDI-POSS,通过静电纺制备了PSA纤维膜。研究了助纺剂聚丙烯腈(PAN)、共溶剂氯仿、荧光功能材料的引入对PSA溶液流变、电导率和纺丝成形性能的影响,发现在PAN添加量为3%(w)、氯仿添加量为6%(w)和0.4%(w)的POSS-PDI-POSS时可制备纤维直径集中分布在250～600 nm的纤维膜,该纤维膜可发射550 nm的黄绿色荧光(490 nm光激发)和发射580 nm的红色荧光(530 nm光激发)。     

Preparation and characterization of PSSA/PVA catalytic membrane for biodiesel production

Poly(styrene sulfonic acid) (PSSA)/Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) blend membranes prepared by the solution casting were employed as heterogeneous acid catalysts for biodiesel production from acidic oil obtained from waste cooking oil (WCO). The membranes were annealed at different temperature in order to enhance their stability. The structure and properties of the membranes were investigated by means of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetry (TG), X-ray diffraction (XRD). It is found that the crosslinking structure among PVA and PSSA chains formed when the thermal treatment temperature was higher than 80 °C. The retention of PSSA in the blend membranes in the methanol/water solvent was markedly increased from 50% to 85% with the increase of the annealing temperature from room temperature (for the untreated membrane) to 150 °C due to the formation of the crosslinking structure. The results of esterification of acidic oil show that the conversion was slightly improve with the PVA content in the membrane at a fixed PSSA content. The thickness of the catalytic membrane had no significant effect on the conversion in the end. The membrane annealed at 120 °C exhibited the best catalytic performance among the membranes, with a stable conversion of 80% with the runs.     

多巴胺表面修饰角蛋白/聚乳酸纳米纤维膜的制备及性能

通过紫外引发多巴胺氧化自聚生成聚多巴胺,对角蛋白/聚乳酸纳米纤维膜进行表面修饰,以改善其薄膜亲水性差、力学性能不足和细胞活性较低等问题。通过扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱、热重分析、接触角实验、电子万能试验机、细胞活性毒性实验和细胞黏附性实验对表面修饰前后纳米纤维膜的形貌、结构、热稳定性和热降解率、亲水性、力学性能、细胞活性毒性和黏附性进行测试和表征。结果表明,聚多巴胺成功地黏附在纤维的表面,表面修饰后的纤维平均直径增大,由(356±78)nm增大至(507±98)nm,接触角由103.34?降至82.46?,弹性模量与断裂伸长率分别增大了2.75~5.33MPa和31.75%~51.50%,接种24h后细胞活性由72%增大至221%,增大了149%。     

Preparation and characterization of PVA-g-GO/PVA/PAN composite membrane for pervaporation desalination

Graphene oxide (GO) has extensive applications in membrane-based separations, but its dispersion in the membrane has always been a problem due to the presence of π–π interactions in GO nanosheets. In this study, a grafting reaction was designed by using poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) for GO grafting modification and poly (vinyl alcohol)-g-graphene oxide (PVA-g-GO) nanocomposites were synthesized. The grafting material to GO was the same as the basic separation polymer material. PVA-g-GO showed better dispersibility and hydrophilicity than GO, and a series of composite membranes were prepared using a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane as a substrate. PVA-g-GO nanocomposites and membranes were characterized by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), water contact angle, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), etc. The addition of PVA-g-GO improved both the separation performance and anti-swelling property of the composite membrane, and the PVA-g-GO/PVA/PAN composite membrane loaded with 2 wt.% PVA-g-GO obtained a high flux of 4.46 kg/m² · h and a high rejection of 99.99% when dehydrating 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution at 30°C by pervaporation.