低频振动塑性成形粘弹塑性模型的体积效应分析

采用Kirchner对应变时间历程的基本假设,针对振动拉伸建立一个一维粘弹塑性模型;利用MATLAB中的符号计算,推导粘弹塑性本构方程的显式表达式.通过确立粘弹塑性边界并对本构方程进行数值求解,可以确定金属在振动加工过程中,其应力应变在粘弹性与粘塑性之间的变化情况.通过计算瞬时应变的大小与屈服限建立粘弹性变形和粘塑性变形的判断准则.在考虑粘弹塑性本构关系中的后继屈服情况、应变历程、应变率历程及弹性应变等因素后,可以确定单轴振动拉伸时材料变形的动态应力和平均应力.根据所给定的振型参数和材料力学性能参数,结合特定的振动拉伸实例,分别得出金属在准静态拉伸和振动拉伸时的动态应力-时间、动态应力-应变和平均应力-应变率的变化趋势等,实现基于粘弹塑性本构关系的低频振动塑性成形的体积效应机理分析.     

基于循环拉-压试验的混合硬化模型参数确定及模型应用

材料弹塑性本构模型是影响有限元模拟精度的最重要因素,混合硬化本构模型能较准确表现材料塑性变形过程真实硬化特征,而本构模型中材料特性相关参数是否准确直接影响到有限元模拟的精度。基于Hill48各向异性屈服准则,结合Voce各向同性硬化模型和Armstrong-Frederic非线性随动硬化模型,建立一个考虑材料各向异性和Bauschinger效应的混合硬化弹塑性本构模型。通过循环拉伸-压缩试验,获得DC54D+ZF镀锌板的循环变形应力-应变曲线,并利用通用全局优化算法,根据单向应力状态混合硬化本构方程,准确地确定了混合硬化模型中的材料特性参数。最后,使用ABAQUS有限元软件对板材循环拉伸-压缩问题和板材过拉深筋问题进行该本构模型的适用性分析,验证了所建立的各向异性混合硬化材料本构模型的可靠性和精确性。循环拉伸-压缩试验是直接准确地获得本构模型材料参数的有效方法。     

考虑塑性体积变化的弹塑性应力测量理论

考虑到许多金属材料塑性体积变化不等于零的事实, 建立了塑性体积变化的基本本构方程。为了能够根据全应变的测量值求得弹塑性应力值, 将塑性应变由全应变中进行了分离,并给出了基本方程中各参数的标定方法。同不考虑塑性体积变化的传统理论相比, 可作为各种结构物用电测法测定弹塑性应力的更佳的理论基础。     

基于弹塑性形变理论的拼焊板平面应力状态本构关系研究

从拼焊板成形过程4个基本理论假设出发建立其平面应力状态力学模型,根据金属板料弹塑性形变理论、Hill48屈服准则及金属塑性变形功原理导出拼焊板成形过程中厚、薄两侧母材应变分布状态相互依赖关系的隐式方程,并结合弹塑性理论的3个关系式建立了拼焊板在平面应力状态下的本构关系;采用通过实验验证的差厚拼焊板单向拉伸有限元模型分析了沿焊缝两侧母材的应力应变分布,且将仿真结果中厚板侧母材的两个面主应变分量作为前述本构关系已知条件,用数值方法求解出薄板侧母材的面内主应变与主应力分量,将其与相应仿真结果进行对比.对比结果表明,理论计算数值与仿真结果较为吻合,从而证明了拼焊板平面应力状态本构关系的正确性,为深入研究拼焊板冲压成形机理奠定了理论基础.     

基于高温铸坯黏弹塑性的坯壳动态鼓肚研究

基于高温铸坯材料黏弹塑性本构方程,建立了坯壳动态鼓肚数学模型。根据坯壳不同的初始状态与变形历史确定了两种边界条件。利用模型计算坯壳鼓肚变形,并与实测数据进行对比,验证了理论解的正确性以及模型的有效性。根据鞍钢工业板坯连铸机的设备工艺参数,分别计算了刚出结晶器的坯壳和远离结晶器的坯壳的鼓肚变形曲线,以及坯壳在固液交界面处的应变与应变速率。分析了铸坯坯壳在铸机扇形段内的鼓肚变形与应变变化规律,并讨论了辊间距、     

考虑高温蠕变损伤的2．25CrlMo钢的弹塑性本构模型

考虑造成蠕变损伤的物理机制,结合损伤力学理论,利用Ramberg—Osgood弹塑性本构方程,推导了含有蠕变损伤的材料弹塑性本构模型。对225CrlMo钢进行了相同条件不同时长的蠕变试验以得到不同蠕变损伤的材料,并对这些材料进行高温短时拉伸,得到不同损伤对应的应力应变曲线。并用试验数据及文献数据对模型进行了验证。     

振动加工时金属材料的本构关系的人工神经网络建立方法

在对金属材料进行振动拉伸时 ,材料的本构关系与静态拉伸明显不同 ,因而不能直接引用现有的弹塑性模型来描述。本文以常规频率下振动拉伸时实测的材料应力应变值为样本 ,利用 BP人工神经网络(BPANN)建立了振动加工过程中材料的应力应变关系。这种 BPANN本构模型可以方便地用于振动加工的理论分析和工程应用     

热塑性聚氨酯复合纤维布料拉伸过程的超弹性和黏弹性本构模型

通过拉伸试验,分别考虑涂层的影响以及拉伸时间、拉伸速度、黏弹性应力与反作用力对初始应力的影响,建立了改进后的热塑性聚氨酯复合纤维布料及其单股纤维束的超弹性本构模型和黏弹性本构模型,预测了拉伸过程的应力-应变和应力松弛曲线,并与试验结果进行对比.结果表明:建立的超弹性本构模型能较准确地预测布料及其单股纤维束的应力-应变曲...     

轴对称体热弹塑性蠕变有限元分析计算

以经典的热弹塑性蠕变理论为基础,考虑到材料常数随温度的变化,导出了热弹塑性蠕变问题的增量本构方程和轴对称有限元计算公式,编制了程序,并以高温炉管为例作了应力、应变计算,结果可供工程设计部门参考。     

各向异性非线性随动硬化本构模型的建立及应用

基于平面应力假设,采用HILL48各向异性屈服准则和A-F非线性随动硬化模型及塑性流动法则建立一种各向异性非线性随动硬化本构模型。运用向后欧拉回映算法,通过Fortran语言编写UMAT子程序,将该本构模型嵌入到ABAQUS软件中。以板料经过拉深筋的循环加载问题为研究对象,利用开发的本构模型、ABAQUS软件中的各向同性屈服及随动硬化模型对板料经过拉深筋的变形过程进行数值模拟分析,得到切向应力-应变循环变化曲线。对比试验结果,开发的弹塑性本构模型的计算精度更高,验证了所建本构模型的有效性,该模型可以应用于板料反向加载变形行为研究。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.