超宽六辊CVC轧机的凸度调控能力分析

为掌握超宽六辊CVC轧机的凸度调控能力,建立有限元仿真模型,对不同带钢宽度下工作辊弯辊、中间辊弯辊和CVC中间辊窜辊对板廓的影响进行具体分析。仿真结果表明,工作辊弯辊、中间辊弯辊和中间辊窜辊均具有相似的调节效果,对于1000mm的带钢,工作辊弯辊的调控能力最强;对于1500mm的带钢,工作辊弯辊和中间辊窜辊的调控能力相当;对于2000mm的带钢,中间辊窜辊的调控能力最强。因此,对于超宽轧机,CVC窜辊对窄带钢的凸度调控效果并不十分理想,会导致轧制窄带钢时出现凸度控制能力不足的问题。通过对凸度调节域进行分析,发现该轧机对四次凸度的控制能力较弱,难以控制超宽带钢生产中的边中复合浪形问题。     

基于影响函数法的轧制压力横向分布规律分析

轧制压力横向分布直接影响轧辊的弹性变形和轧件的出口厚度分布。文中基于影响函数矩阵法,对轧机辊系受力和弹性变形进行计算分析,研究轧制过程中弯辊力和压下率对轧制力横向分布的影响,揭示轧制压力横向分布系数与弯辊力呈近似线性增长、与压下率呈近似线性减小的规律。分析表明,通过调节弯辊力或在轧制规程中改变压下率设定,可改变轧制压力的分布。为轧制压力横向分布函数的在线快速计算和板凸度控制模型的建立提供基础。     

四辊CVC热带钢轧机板形控制特性的仿真

用流面条元法分析带材的三维塑性变形．用影响系数法分析辊系的弹性变形，将两者耦合，建立了四辊轧机板形和板凸度的分析计算模型。对四辊CVC热带钢轧机板形控制特性的仿真表明，随着CVC工作辊横移距离的增加，前张应力沿横向的差距增大；随着工作辊弯辊力的增加，前张应力沿横向的差距增大，且变化主要集中在板宽的边部；随着板宽的增加，前张应力沿横向的差距先减小后增大。     

辊间压力分布影响因素的研究

四辊轧机辊间压力的分布将直接影响轧机负载辊缝形状,轧辊磨损情况以及轧辊强度的准确校核。本文采用分割单元法,研究了轧件宽度,轧辊直径,弯辊力,轧辊辊型,轧制压力分布等诸多因素对辊间压力分布的影响,给出了辊间压力分布规律,理论计算值与实测数据吻合较好,研究结果对于板形凸度计算及轧机设计有一定的借鉴作用。     

板宽对轧辊受力分布的影响规律

轧辊受力分布的形态直接影响轧辊的弹性变形和轧件的出口板凸度.基于影响函数法,对轧机辊系受力和轧辊弹性变形进行计算分析,研究了轧制过程中板宽对轧制压力、辊间压力横向分布的影响.分析表明,边部轧制压力先随着板宽的增大而增大,达到某极值点后又逐渐减小;而随着板宽的增大辊间平均压力增大,压力分布变得不均并向轧辊端部集中;这些规律为不同板宽轧件的轧制规程安排、轧辊磨损的计算分析以及轧件出口板凸度的计算模型与控制提供了基础.     

万能凸度轧机中间辊偏移板形调控能力分析

1420单机架万能凸度轧机(Universal crown mill,UCM)轧制极薄带时,中间辊偏移对正向轧制与负向轧制时工作辊弯辊、中间辊弯辊及中间辊窜辊的板形调控特性存在一定的影响,从力学角度分析辊系的受力状态,并运用LS-DYNA有限元软件建立显示动力学模型,定量计算中间辊不偏移轧制与正向偏移轧制及负向轧制时各板形调控手段的调控特性。计算结果显示轧机中间辊不偏移时,工作辊弯辊力与带钢凸度呈线性关系,随着工作辊弯辊力的增大,带钢凸度减小;当中间辊偏移时,工作辊弯辊调控功效要大于中间辊不偏移时,且正向轧制的弯辊调控功效要优于负向轧制;中间辊弯辊调控特性表现出与工作辊弯辊相似的变化趋势。不同中间辊窜辊的板形调控能力变化不大,不偏移轧制与负向轧制调控能力基本相同,正向轧制在窜辊量为15~30 mm范围内,其调控能力好于另外两种轧制工况。     

连退平整机组带钢过焊缝过程中板形控制技术研究

针对连退平整机组带钢过焊缝过程中板形波动的问题,充分考虑连退平整机组的设备与工艺特点,以中间辊弯辊力对轧制压力进行补偿,以工作辊弯辊力对前后张力进行补偿,建立了板形控制模型。通过理论模型与现场试验相配合,实现了中间辊弯辊力和工作辊弯辊力的动态补偿,最大程度地减少了板形的波动幅度。     

宽带钢六辊冷连轧机横向刚度特性研究

板带轧机的横向刚度对于板形控制十分重要,研究轧机不同状态下的横向刚度变化规律对于实现板形的精确控制具有重要意义。本文针对某厂六辊轧机利用有限元软件ANSYS9.0建立了三维辊系有限元分析模型,分别分析了不同工作辊窜辊和中间辊窜辊下的轧制力横向刚度和弯辊力横向刚度的变化情况,为轧机板形控制量的调整提供了参考依据。     

冷轧无取向硅钢横向厚差控制

冷轧中中低牌号的无取向硅钢多采用万能凸度轧机(Universal crown mill,UCM)生产,其板形好坏受制于UCM轧机板形调节手段的协调使用.为掌握UCM轧机的板形控制特点,建立基于二维变厚度有限元的辊系弹性变形和基于三维差分的轧件塑性变形的六辊轧机耦合模型,对UCM轧机的板形调控性能进行详尽的分析,包括工作辊和中间辊弯辊、中间辊窜辊的调控功效、辊间接触压力分布等.在此基础上,提出可用指导生产的板形控制策略,指出UCM轧机在横向厚差控制方面的不足.针对工业生产中UCM轧机轧制无取向硅钢横向厚差大的问题,在大量仿真计算的基础上,开发具有高次曲线函数的边部变凸度(Edge variable crown,EVC)的工作辊.采用该工作辊后,各种品种的无取向硅钢的横向厚差不大于10 μm的百分比由24%提高到99%,横向厚差的均值小于6μm,远小于之前的13μm.     

冷轧机板形调节能力分析方法的研究与应用

某六辊连续变凸度(Continuously variable crown,CVC)冷轧机组装备了工作辊弯辊、中间辊弯辊和中间辊窜辊等多种板形控制方式,较四辊轧机有着更宽的凸度调节域,但仍难以调节窄带钢出现的边中复合浪。在对各种方式的效应函数之间的差别进行分析后,提出以一组相互正交的矢量,称为特征矢量,描述轧机整体的板形调节特性。进而以特征矢量与某一板形缺陷之间的相似度的平方和判断该缺陷能否被消除。经分析,该轧机板形调节特征矢量与窄带钢边中浪之间的相似度过低是导致其难以消除的原因。相应提出在第5机架采用单侧倒角工作辊,并降低工作辊弯辊力的解决方案。该方案已用于实际生产,在消除带钢边中浪方面取得明显效果,所轧带钢边浪基本被消除,中浪得到缓解。     

STUDY ON STRIP AND ROLL DEFORMATION COUPLING OF COLD STRIP ROLLING ON 4-H MILL

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Research and application of non-symmetrical roll bending control of cold rolling mill

The existing research of the flatness control for strip cold rolling mainly focuses on the calculation of the optimum adjustment of individual flatness actuator in accordance with the flatness deviation,which can be used for general flatness control.However,it does not work for some special rolling processes,such as the elimination of ultra single side edge-waves and the prevention of strip break due to tilting roll control overshooting.For the purpose of solving these problems,the influences of non-symmetrical work roll bending and intermediate roll bending on flatness control were analyzed by studying efficiencies of them.Moreover,impacts of two kinds of non-symmetrical roll bending control on the pressure distribution between rolls were studied theoretically.A non-symmetrical work roll bending model was developed by theoretical analysis in accordance with practical conditions.The model was applied to the revamp of a 1250 6-H reversible universal crown mill (UCM) cold mill.Theoretical study and practical applications show that the coordination utilization of the non-symmetrical work roll bending control and tilting roll control was effective in flatness control when there appeared bad strip single side edge waves,especially when the incoming strip was with a wedge shape.In addition,the risk of strip break due to tilting control overshooting could be reduced.Furthermore,the non-symmetrical roll bending control can reduce the extent of uneven distribution of pressure between rolls caused by intermediate roll shifting in flatness control and slow down roll wear.The non-symmetrical roll bending control technology has important theoretical and practical significance to better flatness control.     

Study on the improved accuracy of strip profile using numerical formula model in continuous cold rolling with 6-high mill

The quality requirements for thickness accuracy in cold rolling continue to become more stringent. In cold rolling mill, it is very important that the rolling force calculation considers rolling conditions. The rolled strip thickness was predicted using calculated rolling force. However, the prediction of strip thickness in cold rolling is very difficult; in particular, for 6-high mill with shifted intermediate roll (IMR), the accuracy of thickness is not good. In this study, to improve the accuracy of rolled strip thickness, the roll gap flattening can be given based on Hertz contact theory, with contact between rolls and the smooth cylindrical rolls for the rolling elastic deformation. Also, the distribution of the roll gap flattening may be calculated using the contact force of unit transverse length. The strip profile at the continuous cold rolling is calculated by using the numerical analysis model considering the initial strip profile before cold rolling. Hence, we propose that the numerical model can predict the rolled strip profile more quickly and accurately and be applicable to the field. The results of the proposed numerical model were verified by FE-simulation and cold rolling experiments of 6-high mill with five stands.     

HC轧机板形板凸度控制特性的计算机模拟

用三次样条流线条元法分析带材的三维塑性变形，用影响系数法分析辊系的弹性变形用，BP神经网络方法对轧后带材板形进行模式识别，将三者联立，对900mmHC轧机板形板凸度控制特性进行了计算机模拟。结果表明：HC轧机控制二次板形能力很强，对四次及更高次板形控制能力较弱；中间辊横移和工作辊弯辊对板形板凸度的控制需要相互配合。对板凸度的控制应着重在开始道次进行。     

Coupled dynamic modeling of rolls model and metal model for four high mill based on strip crown control

The crown is a key quality index of strip and plate,the rolling mill system is a complex nonlinear system,the strip qualities are directly affected by the dynamic characteristics of the rolling mil.At present,the studies about the dynamic modeling of the rolling mill system mainly focus on the dynamic simulation for the strip thickness control system,the dynamic characteristics of the strip along the width direction and that of the rolls along axial direction are not considered.In order to study the dynamic changes of strip crown in the rolling process,the dynamic simulation model based on strip crown control is established.The work roll and backup roll are considered as elastic continuous bodies and the work roll and backup roll are joined by a Winkler elastic layer.The rolls are considered as double freely supported beams.The change rate of roll gap is taken into consideration in the metal deformation,based on the principle of dynamic conservation of material flow,the two dimensional dynamic model of metal is established.The model of metal deformation provides exciting force for the rolls dynamic model,and the rolls dynamic model and metal deformation model couple together.Then,based on the two models,the dynamic model of rolling mill system based on strip crown control is established.The Newmark-β method is used to solve the problem,and the dynamic changes of these parameters are obtained as follows:(1) The bending of work roll and backup roll changes with time;(2) The strip crown changes with time;(3) The distribution of rolling force changes with time.Take some cold tandem rolling mill as subject investigated,simulation results and the comparisons with experimental results show that the dynamic model built is rational and correct.The proposed research provides effective theory for optimization of device and technological parameters and development of new technology,plays an important role to improve the strip control precision and strip shape quality.     

Shape control of alloy steel rolled by sendzimir mill

In order to improve quarter waves occurred in the wide and thin gauged alloy steel rolled by 20-high sendzimir mill, a computer simulation based on the divided element method and an actual cold rolling experiment were carried out. Quarter waves were simulated by elastic deformation analysis of rolls considering bending deformation of back up rolls and the effect of control actuators on controllability of quarter waves were analyzed. Computer simulation showed that control actuators such as shifting of the 1st intermediate roll and crown adjustment of As-U-Roll in back up rolls were not effective to control quarter waves and that changing taper mode (both length and magnitude) at the barrel-end taper radius of the 1st intermediate roll was rather very effective. From an actual rolling experiment it was verified that quarter waves could be reduced remarkerably by changing taper mode of the 1st intermediate roll.     

板带轧机工作辊混合变凸度辊形研究

三次连续变凸度(Continuously variable crown, CVC)辊形凸度控制能力与带钢宽度之间的二次函数关系决定其在宽、超宽板带轧机上应用时表现出对窄规格带钢的凸度控制能力不足的缺点。通过对工作辊变凸度辊形及辊缝形成理论的深入研究,提出采用二次多项式曲线来线性化辊缝的方法。采用该方法设计完全线性变凸度辊形曲线与混合变凸度工作辊辊形曲线,使二次辊缝凸度调节能力与带钢宽度在工作辊全长或在设计要求的宽度范围内呈严格线性关系,同时保持与窜辊位置呈线性关系。与CVC辊形相比,混合变凸度辊形的辊径差小、凸度调节能力大,既不削弱对宽带钢的凸度调节能力,又增加对窄带钢的凸度调节能力,从而增强轧机的整体板形控制能力。     

20辊轧机轧件截面形状与边部减薄预报软件开发

利用接触元双坐标法（CEM）建立了双AS—U—Roll系统森吉米尔轧机轧制过程中轧件及辊系变形行为的CEM函数矩阵,并开发了SM4SM软件。该软件能够很好地预报各种轧制条件下轧件截面形状、轧件边部减薄、轧制力、轧辊挠曲等功能。文中应用SM4SM,分析了第一中间辊锥角、锥度长度和窜辊长度对轧件截面形状和轧件边部减薄控制的影响。研究结果对冷轧过程控制轧件板形和边部减薄具有重要的参考价值。     

A novel continuous roll forming process of sheet metal based on bended rolls

To effectively manufacture three-dimensional sheet metal parts with various curvatures produced in small-batch quantity, a continuous roll forming (CRF) process is proposed and investigated. The sheet metal is compressed between pairs of bended rolls and formed into a doubly curved surface. The shapes of forming rolls and the gap between the two rolls are piecewise controlled at a series of points. The two bended rolls and the nonuniformly distributed roll gap between them make the sheet metal bent in longitudinal and transverse directions simultaneously after the sheet metal passes through the roll gap, and a three-dimensional surface is formed continuously with the rotation of forming rolls. The relation between longitudinal elongation distribution and longitudinal bending deformation is discussed, and the lateral spreading in CRF process is analyzed; the method to compute the roll gap and the curved profiles of forming rolls are presented. Forming experiments for torus-shaped surface parts were carried out, and the experiment results demonstrate the feasibility and validity of CRF process and the presented methods.