新型 Al_2O_3 基陶瓷刀具材料颗粒弥散增韧与晶须增韧的协同作用

研制成功了一种新型陶瓷刀具材料——ＳｉＣ晶须（ＳｉＣｗ）增韧和ＳｉＣ颗粒（ＳｉＣｐ）弥散增韧Ａｌ２Ｏ３陶瓷刀具ＪＸ－２－Ｉ,该材料具有良好的抗弯强度和断裂韧性,同Ａ（Ａｌ２Ｏ３）,ＡＰ（Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＳｉＣｐ）和ＡＷ（Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＳｉＣｗ）等材料相比较表明,在ＪＸ－２－Ｉ材料中具有明显的增韧叠加效应,详细研究了晶须增韧和颗粒弥散增韧的协同作用,建立了理论模型并进行了实验验证．     

新型Al2O3式陶瓷刀具材料颗粒弥散增韧与晶须增韧的协同作用

研制成功了一种新型陶瓷刀具材料－ＳｉＣ晶须增韧和ＳｉＣ颗粒弥散增韧Ａｌ２Ｏ３陶瓷刀具ＪＸ－２－Ｉ,该材料具有良好的抗弯强度和断裂韧性,同Ａ（Ａｌ２Ｏ３）,ＡＰ（Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＳｉＣｐ）和ＡＷ（Ａｌ２Ｏ３／ＳｉＣｗ）等材料相比较表明,在ＪＸ－２－Ｉ材料中具有明显的增韧叠加效应,详细研究了晶须增韧和颗粒弥散增韧的协同作用,建立了理论模型并进行了实验验证。     

Si3N4—Al2O3—ZrO2系陶瓷表面氧化层组成的EPMA分析

利用ＥＰＭＡ和ＸＲＤ的分析方法，研究了Ｓｉ３Ｎ４－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＺｒＯ２系陶瓷材料表面氧化层组成。结果表明，Ｓｉ３Ｎ４－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＺｒＯ２系陶瓷材料表面氧化层是由方石英相、ＺｒＳｉＯ４相和含有Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＣａＯ等的ＳｉＯ２玻璃相所组成，其中ＳｉＯ２玻璃相中Ａｌ２Ｏ３、ＣａＯ等的含量，随着氧化时间的增加而逐渐增加。     

等离子分解锆英石制备ZrO2—SiO2—Al2O3 复相陶瓷

离子分解锆英石（ＰＤＺ,ｐｌａｓｍｉｃａｌｌ ｄｅｃｏｍｐｏｓｅｄ ＺｒＯ２）ＧＮ Ｌ２Ｏ３注浆成型反应烧结制备ＺｒＯ２－ＳｉＯ２－Ａｌ２Ｏ３系复相陶瓷,与用锆英粉和Ａｌ２Ｏ３制备的该系复相陶瓷进行对比。采用ＸＲＤ、ＯＭ、ＳＥＭ等手段研究烧成后材料的物相组成、显微结构及物理性能。结果表明：ＺｒＳｉＯ４的分解先于莫来石开成;由ＰＤＺ制得的制品性能优于锆英是的制品;ｎ（Ａｌ２Ｏ３）／ｎ（ＰＤＺ）＝３／     

无压烧结Si3N4—MgAl2O4—Al2O3系复合材料

本文对Ｓｉ３Ｎ４－ＭｇＡｌ２Ｏ４－Ａｌ２Ｏ３系复合材料的无压烧结进行了研究，讨论了Ａｌ２Ｏ３含量对材料性能的影响及烧结工艺对材料性能和显微结构的相互关系。实验表明，两段法烧结可以得到性能良好的Ｓｉ３Ｎ４－ＭｇＡｌ２Ｏ４－Ａｌ２Ｏ３复合材料。     

（Si—Fe2O3）—（Al—Fe2O3—SiO2）复合体系自蔓延热力学分析

研究了（Ｓｉ－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３）－（Ａｌ－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２）复合体系的单位质量热效应ΔＨ＾０和绝热燃烧温度Ｔａｄ。指出ΔＨ＾０与Ａｌ－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２在复合体系中所占质量分数Ｒ呈线性关系。其斜率由ＳｉＯ２在Ａｌ－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２中的质量分数γ控制,其截距恒定且数值等于Ｓｉ－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３系单位质量热效应。当γ＝γ２＝１７ｗｔ％时,Ａｌ－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２加入对复合体系Ｔａｄ无影响,当γ〈γ２时     

Al2O3—SiC—C砖基质组成对抗渣性影响

分析了Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＣ－Ｃ砖基质组成对抗渣性影响。实验结果表明,以莫来石为基质的Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＣ－Ｃ砖,其抗渣性优于以刚玉为基质的制品,并用ＣａＯ－Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＯ２三元系统相图给予了解释。     

K2O和TiO2杂质对Al2O3—SiC—C砖抗渣性的影响

分析了基质Ｋ２Ｏ和ＴｉＯ２对Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＣ－Ｃ砖抗渣性能的影响。实验结果表明,以硅线石为基质的Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＣ－Ｃ砖,基坑渣性能优于以矾土为基质的Ａｌ２Ｏ３－ＳｉＣ－Ｃ砖。     

硼砂型渗剂的试剂

对Ｎａ２Ｂ４Ｏ７，Ａｌ粉，Ｓｉ－Ｆｅ粉，碳粉，Ｎａ２ＳｉＦ６，Ｒｅ－Ｍｇ，Ｎａ２ＣＯ３，Ａｌ２Ｏ３，Ｎａ２Ｓ２Ｏ３，ＳｉＣ，Ｓｉ－Ｃａ粉，尿素等用正交试验法优选出硼砂型渗硼剂进行渗硼处理工艺的最佳成分配比设计；研究了渗剂配制及渗硼处理诸因素，如工业硼砂水完全性，还原剂的还原能力，浊料的均匀性，处理温度，时间等参渗硼层质量的影响，实现了优质无粘结渗硼。     

F,Cl,SO3对C2AS形成的影响

使用化学纯的试剂，研究了ＣａＯ、Ｈ２ＳｉＯ３和Ａｌ（ＯＨ）３系统中，当Ｃ：Ｓ：Ａ＝２：１：１时，Ｆ、Ｃｌ和ＳＯ３对Ｃ２ＡＳ形成过程的影响。结果表明在８５０￣１０５０℃的温区内，ＣａＯ－Ａｌ（ＯＨ）３－Ｈ２ＳｉＯ３系统中Ｃ２ＡＳ的形成数量极少，主要矿物是Ｃ１２Ａ７，Ｃ２Ｓ和β－ＣＳ，当有Ｆ、Ｃｌ和ＳＯ３存在时，Ｃ２ＡＳ的数量大大增加，在１０５０℃时，Ｃ２ＡＳ的数量可达８０％左右。     

Low-voltage Electromagnetic Compaction of Metal and Ceramic Powders

Low-voltage electromagnetic compaction （EMC） was used to compact metal powders （Cu） and ceramic powders （TiO2） in the indirect way. It was found that the density of the metal powder parts compacted by low-voltage EMC varied linearly with the discharging voltage in the range investigated. But for ceramic powders, the discharging voltage has an optimal value. Under the value, the density increases as discharging voltage rises, but beyond the value the trend is reverse. The experimental results show that the density of the metal parts decreases gradually along press direction. And the density of the ceramic parts decreases with the advancement of the aspect ratio h/d （height/diameter）. In addition, repetitive compaction can improve the density of both metal and ceramic parts and reduce the effects of aspect ratio on the density.     

Phenomenological Modeling of Warm Compaction and Experimental Verification

A phenomenological modeling approach to establishing the warm compaction equation and curves by modifying the regression equation of the room-temperature compaction curve is presented. An enhanced factor of compacting pressure is introduced into the equation in order to reveal the effects of powder/die temperature and filling height of powders on green density. Compaction curves yielded from this equation are consistent with the experimental data of ATOMET grade iron powders. The curves show that the powder/die temperature should reduce as the filling heights of powders increase and that in some cases warm compaction can not give rise to a higher green density.     

Die wall lubricated warm compaction behavior of non-lubricant admixed iron powders

The phenomena of die wall lubricated warm compaction of non-lubricant admixed iron powders were researched, and its mechanism of densification was discussed. Water atomized powder obtained from the Wuhan Iron and Steel Corporation was used. With compacting and sintering, compared with cold compaction, the density of warm compacted samples increases by 0.07-0.22 g/cm 3 at the same pressed pressure. The maximum achievable green density of warm compacted samples is 7.12 g/cm 3 at 120 ℃, and the maximum sintered density is 7.18 g/cm 3 at 80 ℃. Compared with cold compaction, the ejection force of warm compaction is smaller; the maximum discrepancy is about 7 kN. The warm compacted mechanism of densification of iron powders can be obtained: heating the powder contributes to improving plastic deformation of powder particles, and accelerating the mutual filling and rearrangement of powder particles.     

PZT/PVDF压电复合材料微观结构与性能研究

采用溶液混合法制备 PZT/ PVDF压电复合材料。首先用固相法制备出适合溶液混合的 PZT陶瓷粉末 ,并且通过陶瓷粉末对 PVDF的吸收量选择乙醇为 PVDF的溶剂进行混合 ,然后烘干制备出 PZT/ PVDF复合粉末 ,再成型极化。实验结果表明这种复合方法提高了 PZT陶瓷颗粒在 PVDF有机基体中的分散度 ,使制得的材料内部均匀 ,结构致密 ,从而提高了 PZT/ PVDF压电复合材料的压电和介电性能。     

电子陶瓷粉体材料制备方法与国内发展动态

简要介绍了电子陶瓷分类，电子陶瓷粉体材料制备方法、研究动态和我国电子陶瓷粉体材料的发展趋势。对我校开展电子陶瓷粉体材料研究工作提出了自己的看法。     

Die wall lubricated warm compaction behavior of non-lubricant admixed iron powder

The phenomena of die wall lubricated warm compaction of non-lubricant admixed iron powders were researched, and its mechanism of densification was discussed. Water atomized powder obtained from the Wuhan Iron and Steel Corporation was used. With compacting and sintering, compared with cold compaction, the density of warm compacted samples increases by 0.07 - 0. 22 g/cm^3 at the same pressed pressure. The maximum achievable green density of warm compacted samples is 7.12 g/cm^3 at 120℃, and the maximum sintered density is 7.18 g/cm^3 at 80℃. Compared with cold compaction, the ejection force of warm compaction is smaller; the maximum discrep- ancy is about 7 kN. The warm compacted mechanism of densification of iron powders can be obtained： heating the powder contributes to improving plastic deformation of powder particles, and accelerating the mutual filling and rearrangement of powder particles.     

以蚕丝纤维为前驱体的生物活性陶瓷纤维的制备

作为生物材料的组织工程支架，其物理机械性能的改善成为生物医学的热点研究课题，具有良好的生物活性及生物相容性的磷酸钙陶瓷纤维在生物材料的增强领域有着广泛的需求。本实验首先用溶胶一凝胶体系制备出磷酸钙陶瓷纤维的初始浆料，根据蚕丝纤维的物理化学性质，预先对丝纤维表面进行裂纹化和浆料吸附增强的处理，探讨了凝胶浆料的组分与丝纤维化学性质的相互配伍方式，使凝胶浆料中的羟基磷灰石粉粒以丝纤维作导向载体在其轴向实现紧密有序的排列，制定出陶瓷纤维初坯的晶化烧结工艺，最终制备出具有生物活性的磷酸钙陶瓷短纤维。     

Preparation of nanosized metal-oxide ultrafine powders by atomizing-combustion technique

Ｔｈｅｎａｎｏｓｉｚｅｄｍｅｔａｌ－ｏｘｉｄｅｏｆＴｉｎ（Ｓｎ）,Ｉｎｄｉｕｍ（Ｉｎ）,Ｂｉｓｍｕｔｈ（Ｂｉ）ａｎｄｓｏｏｎａｒｅｈｉｇｈｑｕａｌｉｔｙｃｅ－ｒａｍｉｃｍａｔｅｒｉａｌｓ．Ａｓｔｈｅｌａｔｅｓｔｓｔｕｄｉｅｓｈａｖｅｓｈｏｗｎ,ｐｒｏ...     

聚氨酯陶瓷复合材料浆体磨损性能研究

用聚四氢呋喃醚二醇与甲苯二异氰酸酯反应后,分别与Si3N4陶瓷粉、TiO2陶瓷粉末进行共混,制得耐磨蚀聚氨酯/Si3N4和聚氨酯/TiO2陶瓷复合材料,评价了这两种材料的耐磨性,通过扫描电镜观察了复合材料的磨损形貌,探讨了Si3N4和TiO2陶瓷粉末增强聚氨酯弹性体的磨损机理。结果表明:Si3N4粉末在质量分数为10%时,复合材料的耐磨性最好,是2Cr13钢的7.8倍,是45#钢的12.5倍,是纯聚氨酯的1.87倍。当TiO2陶瓷粉末在质量分数为8%时,复合材料的耐磨性最好,聚氨酯/TiO2陶瓷复合材料的抗冲蚀磨损性能分别是2Cr13钢的5.3倍,是45号钢的8.5倍,是纯聚氨酯的1.28倍。陶瓷粉末的加入有效提高了材料的抗冲蚀磨损性。     

掺铝氧化锌复合粉体制备工艺对靶材性能的影响

以Zn(NO3)2.6H2O、Al(NO3)3.9H2O为前驱体,柠檬酸为络合剂,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了掺铝氧化锌复合粉体,并通过普通烧结制备出掺铝氧化锌靶材,对制备的靶材进行测试试验,结果表明:采用两倍于金属离子摩尔浓度的柠檬酸为络合剂、pH为7.2、干燥温度为90℃时,所制备靶材的致密度及电学性能有较优值,与固相反应法相比,该靶材的性能更好,成分更均匀。