Dy对NiAl-31Cr-3Mo合金循环氧化性能的影响

研究了稀土元素Dy对NiAl-31Cr-3Mo合金在1300和1400K空气中的循环氧化行为的影响。结果表明：稀土元素Dy的添加显著提高了基体合金的抗循环氧化性能。X射线衍射与SEM分析表明：基体合金表面氧化膜主要由α-Al2O3构成，并含有少量的Cr2O3，而添加稀土元素Dy后，合金表面形成了单一的α-Al2O3氧化膜，在氧化膜与基体合金之间形成一层富Cr相，大大提高了氧化膜的粘附性，从而提高了合金的抗循环氧化性。采用EDAX分析研究了合金表面氧化产物的微观组织及成分，并从合金相组成探讨了稀土元素Dy提高基体NiAl-31Cr-3Mo合金的抗循环氧化性能的机制。     

铈含量对NiAl-28Cr-5.5Mo-0.5Hf共晶合金氧化性能的影响

研究了不同稀土元素Ce含量对NiAl-28Cr-5.5Mo-0.5Hf合金在1100℃空气中的氧化行为的影响.结果表明:适量稀土元素Ce的添加显著地提高了基体合金的抗高温氧化性能,而过量添加稀土元素则会恶化基体合金的高温氧化性能.X射线结构与SEM分析表明:基体合金表而氧化膜主要由α-Al2O3构成,并含有少量的Cr2O3和HfO2,而当稀土元素添加量达到0.5%(质量分数),氧化膜中出现富稀土Ce的氧化物.采用EDAX分析研究了合金表面氧化产物的微观组织及成分,并从合金相组成探讨了稀土元素Ce提高基体NiAl-28Cr-5.5Mo-0.5Hf合金的抗高温氧化性能的机制.     

Oxidation Behavior of NiAl-30.75Cr-3Mo-0.25Ho Alloy at High Temperatures

The oxidation behavior of NiAl-30.75Cr-3Mo-0.25Ho alloy from 1300 to 1500 K in air atmosphere was investigated. The results reveal that oxidation resistance of the alloy is improved by the addition of Ho. At 1500 K, the oxidation kinetic curve obeys the parabolic law (n≈0.5), whereas the oxidation kinetic curve of the tested alloy follows the cubic relations (n≈0.3～0.4) from 1300 to 1450 K. An activation energy of about 261 kJ·mol-1 was determined for the tested alloy. It is found that a continuous and compact Al2O3 layer has formed on the surface of NiAl-30.75Cr-3Mo-0.25Ho alloy after oxidation 100 h at various tested temperatures. A rich-Ho solution formed on the boundaries of Cr(Mo) phase. Doped little amount of Ho in NiAl-31Cr-3Mo alloy promotes the transformation from θ-Al2O3 phase to α-Al2O3 phase, and decreases the size of Al2O3 and the crack forming in the oxidation scale prolongs the spalling time of the film at high temperature. The volatilizing oxides of Cr, Mo and the reactive element effects (REEs) make the mass gain lower than that of pure NiAl.     

机械合金化Fe-20Cr-2.5Al合金循环氧化行为

采用机械合金化及热压法制备Fe-20Cr-2.5Al、Fe-20Cr-2.5Al-0.8Y2O3和Fe-20Cr-2.5Al-3Y2O3合金,研究了不同Y2O3含量对MA Fe-Cr-Al合金在900℃空气中循环氧化行为的影响。结果表明,Fe-20Cr-2.5Al合金氧化增重最大,Fe-20Cr-2.5Al-3Y2O3合金氧化增重其次,Fe-20Cr-2.5Al-0.8Y2O3合金氧化增重最少,抗高温循环氧化性能最好。Fe-20Cr-2.5Al合金的氧化膜分为三层,外层主要为Fe2O3,与镍层连接界面有很薄一层不连续的Al2O3,中间层主要为Fe2O3和Cr2O3的复合氧化物,氧化膜内层主要为Fe Cr2O4;Fe-20Cr-2.5Al-0.8Y2O3合金的氧化膜没有明显分层现象,氧化膜主要为Cr2O3;Fe-20Cr-2.5Al-3Y2O3合金的氧化膜分为两层,外层主要由Al2O3和Cr2O3交替连接形成,内层主要由Cr2O3组成,有很薄的复合氧化物Fe Cr2O4。Y2O3的添加可有效提高Fe-20Cr-2.5Al合金的抗循环氧化能力,其中Fe-20Cr-2.5Al-0.8Y2O3合金好于Fe-20Cr-2.5Al-3Y2O3合金。     

Ni-Cr-Al合金在1000℃空气中的氧化

研究了两种不同Cr含量的常规熔炼Ni-Cr-Al合金在1000℃空气中的氧化行为.合金氧化动力学遵循抛物线规律,Ni-20Cr-2.5Al合金在1000℃的氧化增重略小于Ni-15Cr-2.5Al合金,二者的氧化增重都明显小于Ni-20Cr合金.Ni-20Cr-2.5Al合金1000℃氧化后形成了外层的Cr2O3及内层极薄的Al2O3型氧化膜,在Ni-Cr合金中加入Al,由于Cr、Al的相互作用,降低了形成Cr2O3和Al2O3外氧化膜所需的Cr或Al的临界含量,促进了保护性Al2O3或Cr2O3膜的生成.     

Mo含量对粉末冶金方法制备Ni-8Cr-6Al合金力学及摩擦学性能的影响北大核心

利用粉末冶金方法制备不同Mo含量的Ni-8Cr-6Al合金,通过SEM、XRD等测试手段研究Mo含量对其力学及摩擦学性能的影响。结果表明:Ni-8Cr-6Al-xMo合金试样中都生成了Al2O3,组织形态都较均匀致密;随Mo含量提高,合金的密度、硬度及室温压缩性能提高,Ni-8Cr-6Al-4Mo合金在宽温域内具有优异的力学性能并在高温下具有良好的摩擦学性能。Mo含量过高时,合金在高温(400℃及以上)摩擦过程中形成了Mo2C相,会产生钉扎作用,使摩擦阶段生成的MoO2、NiO等润滑相无法形成连续膜,降低了合金的摩擦性能。     

Oxidation Behavior of NiAl-30.75Cr-3Mo-0.25Ho Alloy at High Temperature

The oxidation behavior of NiAl-30.75Cr-3Mo-0.25Ho alloy in temperature range of 1300-1500 K in air was investigated. The results reveal that the oxidation resistance of the alloy with Ho is better than that of without Ho. After oxidation a continuous and compact Al2O3 layer formed on the surface of NiAl-30.75Cr-3Mo-0.25Ho alloy. The rich-Ho solution formed on the cell-boundaries.     

Y_2O_3对机械合金化Fe-20Cr-2.5Al合金热腐蚀行为的影响

为了研究稀土元素对高温热腐蚀行为的影响,采用机械合金化及热压法制备Fe-20Cr-2.5Al、Fe-20Cr-2.5Al-0.8Y2O3和Fe-20Cr-2.5Al-3Y2O3合金,并研究其在900℃,涂敷Na2SO4盐膜后的热腐蚀行为。结果表明,Fe-20Cr-2.5Al合金腐蚀增重最大,Fe-20Cr-2.5Al-3Y2O3合金腐蚀增重其次,Fe-20Cr-2.5Al-0.8Y2O3腐蚀增重最少,抗热腐蚀性能最好。Fe-20Cr-2.5Al合金的腐蚀膜主要为Fe2O3,在腐蚀膜与镀镍层界面处存在着少量的Al2O3。Fe-20Cr-2.5Al-0.8Y2O3合金的腐蚀膜主要为Cr2O3,在靠近基体一侧有少量的Al2O3。Fe-20Cr-2.5Al-3Y2O3合金的腐蚀膜分为2层,外层为Fe Cr2O4,内层为较致密的Cr2O3。三种合金均未发生内硫化现象。添加Y2O3的Fe-Cr-Al合金的抗热腐蚀性能明显好于对应未添加的合金,其中Fe-20Cr-2.5Al-0.8Y2O3合金好于Fe-20Cr-2.5Al-3Y2O3合金。     

Nb元素对粉末冶金TiAl基合金高温氧化行为的影响

采用等离子旋转电极法制备Ti-47Al-2Cr-0.2Mo,Ti-50Al-2Nb-0.3W和Ti-45Al-7Nb-0.3W(元素含量均为原子分数,%)3种预合金粉末,再通过热等静压制备成块体合金,在950℃空气环境中进行合金的高温氧化实验,并利用扫描电镜(SEM)观察与分析合金氧化后的表面形貌以及截面的元素面分布,用X射线衍射(XRD)分析氧化膜的相组成,研究Nb元素及其含量对Ti Al基合金高温氧化行为的影响。结果表明:Nb元素的添加可提高粉末冶金Ti Al基合金的抗氧化性能,这3种合金中Ti-45Al-7Nb-0.3W合金的抗氧化性能最好,经过80 h氧化后质量增量仅为2.484 mg/cm2,为不含Nb合金的12.44%,并且氧化膜整体厚度最薄,最厚的地方氧化膜厚度约为8.3μm。该合金表面形成连续致密的Al2O3氧化层,氧化膜从外向内依次为TiO2层/Al2O3层/(Ti,Nb)O2层/富Al和Nb层。     

铁基合金上几种常见氧化层开裂及剥落的声发射研究

用声发射(AE)技术研究了铁基合金上几种常见氧化层在恒温氧化和随后冷却过程中发生的开裂及剥落行为。获得了AE累积计数及温度对时间的变化曲线。通过显微镜、扫描电镜的观察和X射线射衍物相分析,确定了实验合金表面氧化层的主要物相。结果表明:除了加Si合金的氧化层在恒温氧化过程已开裂外,其余合金的氧化层均在冷却时开裂并剥落。Fe25Cr-10Al合金上α-Al₂O₃层的开裂及剥落最为剧烈。Fe-25Cr-7.5Nb合金的Cr₂O₃层AE总计数远远高于Fe-25Cr合金。而Fe-25Cr-4Ti和Fe-25Cr-9Mn的情况与Fe-25Cr大体相同。     

China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

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Zinc Production by Province in 2014

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80% of Chinese Firms Purchasing Overseas Mines Ended up in the Red

<正>Minmetals Resources acquired the world’s largest copper mine under construction for USD5.85 billion.One after another,listed companies Jien Nickle,China Molybdenum and Chihong Zinc and Germanium raised money to get involved in overseas mining projects…SOEs and private enterprises are engaged in a frenzy of overseas mine purchasing.A reporter with Economic     

Copper Processing Profit Dropped Sharply,Copper Consumption Will Face Impact in the Second Half of the Year

正Judging from China’s copper consumption field,the biggest consumption unit is electric power,which accounts for 47%of total consumption;it is followed by light industry sector,including household electrical appliance,machinery,durable goods and hardware etc,which accounts for 22%of total consumption;followed by transportation field,     

Central Geological Prospecting Fund Newly Added 16.47 Million Tonnes of Bauxite in 2013

正In 2013,the Central Geological Prospecting Fund(CGPF)Project newly discovered 15 ore fields,including 3 large above ore fields,and 5medium sized ore fields.The reporter learned from the recently published"Annual Report of Central Geological Prospecting Fund Project(2013)"that,from 2006 to 2013 the CGPF     

Manufacturers of Copper Tube for Central Air Conditioner Use Face Mounting Pressure in the Final Quarter of the Year

正This year,the investment growth rate of real estate industry continued to slow down,sold area of commercial housing also dropped significantly,which brought huge pressure to the domestic air conditioning manufactures.In the first half of the year,by relying on high growth in national financial expenditure,along with investment in public infrastructure     

Xinjiang Ranks No.1 in Production of Primary Aluminum in China

正Kang Yi,Honorary Chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association,said recently at the Forum on Development of the Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Central and Western China held in Zhengzhou that,as more and more electrolytic aluminum factories in Xinjiang came into operation,the electrolytic aluminum output of Xinjiang had reached2,275,000 tons in the first 7 months this year,     

Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power Completed800,000 t/a Aluminum Project in Xinjiang

正"Xinjiang project has been completed according to schedule,but total completion and total start of production are two different concepts,after completion it still needs a gradual process of reaching production target."On the morning of November 3,Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power told investors the above statement on the investor interaction platform.     

Guangdong Metal Transaction Center has Become the Second Largest Precious Metal Transaction Platform Nationwide

正The reporter learned from Guangdong Province Precious Metal Transaction Center that in 2013the Center maintained healthy development momentum,and had become the second largest precious metal transaction platform in China in terms of market size;currently Guangdong is quickening steps of financial innovation for the Center,aiming to build a transaction center with international core competitiveness.     

Seven Rare Earth Projects Involving Close to 3 Billion Yuan Investment Landed In the HighTech Zone

正On May 22,Baotou Rare Earth Industry Cooperation Consultation MeetingProject Agreement-signing Ceremony was held in Ningbo,nearly 40 enterprises from Ningbo,Guangdong,Hunan,and Shanxi participated in project consultation.After multi-lateral communication,agreements were signed for a total of 7 rare earth projects successfully.