填充材料成分对YG30/焊缝界面区组织及硬度的影响

选用不同成分Co—Fe—C合金作为填充材料，对YG30硬质合金与45钢进行了TIG焊试验。通过扫描电镜、X射线衍射、显微硬度分析了YG30／焊缝界面区的相组成、组织和硬度分布。结果表明，填充材料在Fe—C合金的基础上，适当增加Co含量可以减少或抑制η相形成。当填充材料中Co含量为73％（质量分数）时，YG30／焊缝界面区没有η相形成。随着填充材料中Co含量的增加，YG30／焊缝界面区硬度过渡平缓。     

Co含量对一种新型高温合金铸态及热处理组织的影响

利用高温度梯度真空定向凝固方法,在保持其他元素不变的情况下,制备3种不同Co含量(质量分数,下同)的新型第四代镍基单晶高温合金,研究了Co含量对合金定向铸造凝固过程、热处理过程中偏析行为及显微组织演化的影响规律.研究结果表明：不同Co含量合金的初熔温度变化不大;随着Co含量的增加,合金的固、液相线温度升高,3种铸态合金中,质量分数为9%的Co合金(以下简称9%Co)的一次枝晶干与二次枝晶干间距最小,(γ+γ′)共晶组织含量最多;9%Co合金铸态组织偏析最为明显,Co含量的变化对Re和W等典型负偏析元素的偏析系数影响较大,而对Al和Ta等典型正偏析元素的偏析系数未见明显影响.合金经固溶处理后共晶回溶、枝晶偏析得以消除,二次时效处理后,随着Co含量的增加,γ′相平均尺寸及立方度的变化趋势均为先增大再略微减小.标准热处理后,Co含量对γ′相体积分数未见明显影响,且9%Co合金具有最佳的γ′相平均尺寸和立方度.     

石墨烯含量对WC-6Co硬质合金组织与性能的影响研究

采用分步真空球磨+热压烧结法,在WC-6Co硬质合金中添加不同含量的石墨烯,制备了新型硬质合金刀具材料,并对其进行物相组成、显微组织、力学性能和耐磨损性能的分析。结果表明,随石墨烯含量增加,新型硬质合金刀具材料的表面硬度、力学性能和耐磨损性能均先提高后下降。新型硬质合金刀具材料的石墨烯含量优选为2%,表面HV硬度达2 842;与商业WC-6Co硬质合金刀具材料相比,新型硬质合金刀具材料的横向断裂强度提高143%,磨损体积减小71%。     

TiC含量对WC-8Co超细晶硬质合金力学性能和微观组织的影响

采用放电等离子烧结技术制取不同TiC含量的WC-8Co硬质合金。分析了TiC含量对WC-8Co基硬质合金刀具材料的致密度、力学性能和微观组织的影响。实验结果表明,随着TiC含量增加,WC-8Co硬质合金常温综合力学性能先提高后降低,添加5%(质量分数)TiC的WC-8Co硬质合金具有较好的综合力学性能。当烧结温度和压力分别为1 250℃、50 MPa时,WC-5TiC-8Co硬质合金材料致密度、维氏硬度、断裂韧性以及室温下的抗弯强度分别达到98.85%、19.49 GPa、9.46 MPa·m~(1/2)和1 893 MPa。硬质合金致密化烧结曲线和组织显微形貌的分析结果表明,随着TiC含量增加,硬质合金的致密化烧结的起始温度向更低的温度偏移,Co相流动性变差,从而导致致密化烧结条件变差。试样中孔隙增多,是硬质合金维氏硬度和力学性能下降的主要原因。     

Si和Co含量对快淬LaFe13-x-y SixCoy合金凝固行为的影响

采用熔体快淬的方法研究了Si,Co含量对LaFe13-x-ySixCoy合金凝固行为的影响.应用XRD和SEM分析了合金显微组织、结构和相组成.结果表明:Si,Co含量对合金的凝固行为有很大的影响,当合金中x=O,Y=0-0.4时合金显微组织由α-Fe相和La+α-Fe相组成;当x=0.5～1.0,Y=0～0.4时合金显微组织由α-Fe相和La(Fe,Co)Si相组成;当x=1.0,y=0.6时合金显微组织中出现La(Fe,Co,Si)13相.     

原始成分组成对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷烧结性能的影响

采用真空烧结工艺制备了Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷,研究了原始成分组成对材料烧结特性和力学性能的影响规律。结果表明:保持Mo/(Mo+Ni)为定值,随着硬质相成分的增加,烧结体抗弯强度降低,硬度增加;硬质相成分TiN含量超过一定阈值时,烧结体疏松导致硬度和抗弯强度同时大幅下降;TiN含量保持定值,硬质相成分含量增加,烧结体硬度增加,抗弯强度下降;粘结相成分用Co部分替代Ni,随Co含量的增加,烧结体硬度略有升高的基础上抗弯强度升高。     

粘结相成分对Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷组织及性能的影响

研究了以Co或Cr部分或全部代替Ni对TiC-TiN-WC-Mo-20%粘结相体系Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷组织性能的影响。结果表明:以Co或Cr部分或全部代替Ni不会从根本上改变Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷的组织结构,但环形相和粘结相的合金成分会有所变化;随Co或Cr含量的增加,合金的硬度增加,但强度和韧性有所下降;对于不同粘结相体系的合金,硬度相同时,以Co或Cr部分或全部代替Ni对合金断裂韧性的影响不大。     

Co和Cr3C2对硬质合金组织和性能的影响

采用粉末冶金工艺制备了三种不同Co和Cr3C2含量的硬质合金材料。在常温下分别测量了材料的晶粒度、硬度和抗弯强度,并通过SEM照片等对材料的金相显微组织、断口形貌进行分析。结果表明:硬质合金中粘结相Co含量增多,其硬度下降,抗弯强度升高;微量碳化物Cr3C2在硬质合金中起到细化晶粒的作用,在高钴硬质合金中添加微量碳化物Cr3C2,能使材料具有高硬度、高抗弯强度的良好综合性能。     

高温稀土永磁Sm2(Co,Cu,Fe,Zr)17的研制

利用粉末冶金方法研制了Sm(CobalFe0.24Cu0.08Zr0.027)7.0,Sm(CpbalFe0.27Cu0.05Zr0.027)7.0,Sm(CobalFe0.26Cu0.05Zr0.026)7.0 3种高温永磁,并对其磁性能、温度稳定性和显微结构进行了分析.结果表明:样品Sm(CobalFe0.27Cu0.05Zr0.027)7.0具有最高的内禀矫顽力(2 165.6 kA·m-1)和最大磁能积(212.0kA·m-3);3种磁体的温度系数都较低,最高使用温度均在400℃以上,大大高于一般商用磁体;增加Sm,Co,Cu的含量和减少Fe的含量可以提高材料的温度稳定性.X射线分析表明,合金中含有Sm2(Co,Fe)17主相,Sm(Co,Cu)5相,含Zr化合物等.Sm(Co,Cu)5相、单质Zr、晶粒边界等钉扎畴壁,使合金具有较高的矫顽力.     

热处理工艺对LaFe_(10.85)Co_(0.65)Si_(1.5)C_(0.2)化合物成相的影响

分析了LaFe10.85Co0.65Si1.5C0.2在不同温度下,经过不同时间热处理后的相组成、微观组织特点、相变和磁性能。XRD衍射结果表明,经过温度高于1353 K的3天热处理后,LaFe10.85Co0.65Si1.5C0.2样品均得到了具有NaZn13结构的基体相。但是α-Fe的含量随退火温度增加而逐渐增加。样品的居里温度在300 K左右,在2.0 T外加磁场下最大磁熵变-ΔSM达到4.7 J·kg-1·K-1,是一种很好的室温磁致冷材料。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。     

Results of treatment of cancer of the cardia

Cancer of the cardia is traditionally discussed with cardiac cancer of the lower portion of the esophagus and upper gastric cancer invading the esophagus, and the specific characteristics of cancer of the cardia have never been clearly defined. We reviewed the outcome of 172 patients with adenocarcinoma of the cardia who had undergone radical surgery between 1949 and 1994 in the Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery of the Cancer Institute Hospital. The centers of the tumors were located within 2 cm above and below the boundary between the esophagus and the stomach, and their longitudinal diameter was less than 8 cm. We divided the patients into an early period (1949-1979; n = 79) and a late period (1980-1994; n = 93), and focused on the historical transition. There were no differences in patient gender or histology between the two periods. However, the late period was associated with fewer cases of esophageal invasion and shorter longitudinal diameter, as the age of the population advanced. The number of advanced cancers such as the localized and infiltrative type had decreased, and early cancer and early clinical stage had become more common, but despite the fact that the number of early cancers had increased, extended dissection, such as thoracic and paraaortic lymph node dissection, was performed more frequently. By clinical stage, the long-term outcome markedly improved in Stage I patient in the late period, and tended to improve in Stage II and III patients. This appears to have been attributable to the prevention of micrometastasis by extended dissection, although the number of early cancers is another major potential cause. There were no differences in the outcome of Stage IV patients between the two periods, and further advances in multimodality therapy must be awaited. The range of resection is basically proximal gastrectomy, and if there are adequate indications, the prognosis is favorable. In view of the status of lymphatic flow and lymph node metastasis, and long-term results, lateroaortic lymph node dissection is important. Since the number of early cancer patients has been increasing, if intraabdominal recurrence is prevented, intrathoracic lymph node dissection will contribute greatly to the outcome of such patients.     

焦炭热性能指标意义浅析

通过对焦炭在高炉内的历程及其变化规律的剖析,阐述焦炭热性能指标的意义,形象地把焦炭在高炉内的损耗分为三部分(M1,M2,M3)。指出M2对焦比及焦炭价格有一定的指导作用。     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)