化妆品包装材料检验现状及发展

寻求化妆品包装材料检验的未来发展;对化妆品包装检测及检验内容进行了回顾。结果表明,化妆品包装材料检测处于监管空白阶段。指出了化妆品包装材料检验是化妆品检验未来发展的重要内容之一。     

化装品包装材料的安全性检测

通过对化妆品包装材料检测现状的分析,探讨了化妆品包装材料进行物质检测的必要性。化妆品包装材料的安全性检测必然会成为未来化妆品安全管理中的重要一环。     

来自塑料包材的化妆品安全性隐患

塑料内常含有残留单体、添加剂、低聚体、加工助剂等化学物,在其与产品接触过程中可能发生迁移而污染产品,从而对人体健康产生潜在的危害。介绍了来自塑料包装材料的存在安全隐患的迁移物及其危害,讨论了迁移的理论基础以及迁移过程的预测模型。指出了对包装材料安全监管和深入研究的必要性、监管和进一步研究的重点方向,以及化妆品生产企业确定包装材料时应该关注的重点。     

浅谈化妆品包材与用妆安全

改革开放以来,化妆品已经从20世纪80年代的小众奢侈消费品,变成了大众日常快消品。在40多年间,化妆品行业实现了快速发展,我国也成为全球第二大化妆品市场。与此同时,化妆品的各种质量问题也随之而来,媒体的曝光、消费者的抵制等现象层出不穷。在这些现象中,一部分是化妆品本身的问题,另一部分是包装材料的问题。长久以来,化妆品监管部门严查化妆品本身的毒害物质含量,消费者也对此关注有加,对化妆品包装材料的毒害作用关注度不足。有专家曾指出,塑料包装材料存在众多安全和环保问题,不可忽视。可以说,化妆品包装材料的安全性与用妆安全息息相关,必须引起重视。     

中国与欧美药品包装材料相容性研究规范

药品包装是药品的重要组成部分,近年来由于药品包装选择不当,由药品与包装材料相容性引起的问题不断出现。本文综合收载了中国、欧盟以及美国的药品监管机构对药品与包装材料相容性研究的不同法规要求,希望能为药品生产企业及其研发机构进行相容性研究提供了基本的理论依据和试验思路。     

化妆品包装材料中邻苯二甲酸双(2-乙基己基)酯迁移量的测定

建立了化妆品包装材料中邻苯二甲酸双(2-乙基己基)酯迁移量(DEHP)的气相色谱质谱检测方法。化妆品包装材料样品采用不同模拟物在不同条件下浸泡后,浸泡液经正己烷萃取,气相色谱质谱联用仪分析,外标法定量。在优化的条件下,DEHP在0.01~10.0 mg/L浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数为0.999 3,方法检出限为0.10 mg/L。在空白样品中添加低、中、高3个浓度水平时,平均加标回收率在90%~110%之间,相对标准偏差在2.4%~8.2%之间。方法简单快速、灵敏可靠,可满足化妆品包装材料中DEHP迁移量的检测需求。对阳性样品中DEHP的迁移行为进行研究,结果表明DEHP迁移量随着浸泡液中乙醇比例的增大和浸泡时间的增加而增加。     

对化妆品安全与包装材料关系的思考

综述了常见的化妆品包装材料及风险物质,分析了我国化妆品包装材料领域存在的问题及解决的对策,并指出了化妆品包装材料在化妆品生产中的重要性。     

聚羟基脂肪酸酯的鉴定及检测方法研究进展

聚羟基脂肪酸酯(简称PHA)是由很多细菌合成的一种细胞内聚酯,由于具有生物可降解性、生物相容性、压电性等许多优良性能,在众多领域,如生物降解性包装材料、组织工程材料、缓释材料以及电学材料等方面得到广泛应用,引起了科研领域和工业界的广泛兴趣。对PHA的物理、化学性质以及鉴定及检测方法的研究进行了综述,回顾有关PHA的鉴定及检验方法的同时介绍了近期取得的研究进展。     

注射剂常用的包装材料及其选择

简要论述了大、小容量注射剂的常用包装材料容器的材料和形式,注射剂包装材料与药品相容性试验.药品包装应在药品开发阶段考虑剂型、给药途径、销售方式/范围、保护药品、产品相容性、经济性/成本、使用方式和便利性等多方面综合的包装功能,选择适当的包装材料以保证药品质量和安全性、便于运输、携带与正确使用.     

PP材质塑料瓶优势突出

<正>高透明的聚丙烯(PP)容器具有很好的透明度和光泽度。近日,欧洲一家化妆品品牌决定选择利用新型高透明PP材料制成的包装瓶作为其沐浴露的包装材料。新型高透明PP树脂可广泛用于注吹、挤吹、挤压、热成型各种容器,是PS、ABS、PET、PE瓶的竞争对手。由于透明容器能让消费者清楚看到内容物,因此消费者对     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。