共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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对404厂进行核临界安全调研,陪同中国核工业集团公司安全环保质量部领导进行了现场检查;完成科工委系统核临界安全技术培训资料的编写;继续负责和参与核临界安全标准修订工作。3项标准GB 15146.1《反应堆外易裂变材料的核临界安全行政管理规定》、 相似文献
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铀溶液核临界安全实验装置 总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3
硝酸铀溶液液核临界安全实验装置专门用于研究乏燃料后处理中储存容器的核临界安全问题。为了得到我国自己的核临界安全实验数据,中国原子能科学研究院设计,建造了铀溶液核临界安全实验装置,实验装置的活性区硝酸铀酰溶液内可含中子吸收体或不含中子吸收体,活性区可有反射层或没有反射层,在以上四种条件下,可对不同硝酸铀酰溶液浓度进行临界试验研究,该实验装置具有多种安全保护措施,但运行方式简便,启动,停止容易,单次误操作不危及实验装置的特点,该装置还具有可视性定量,限量自动加料系统,高精度全程液位测量计以及采用多操作步骤才能完成‘一次注量’的控制方式等特点,安全分析认为该装置造成核临界事故的概率为10^-8。 相似文献
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权艳慧 《中国原子能科学研究院年报》2009,(1):222-223
核临界安全是核科技工业的特殊安全问题。临界安全研究对确保核工业的安全性和提高核工业的经济性具有重要意义。其中,临界实验是临界安全研究必不可少的基础工作。本工作是为模拟核燃料生产厂工艺条件的溶液与镉棒栅两相系统的次临界实验,拟在不同的镉棒栅布置、溶液浓度、反射层条件下,进行次临界实验,研究中子吸收毒物镉对溶液系统反应性的影响,为后处理工艺提供临界控制参数和临界实验数据。 相似文献
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随着核电的发展,核临界安全问题变得越来越突出。燃耗信任制技术越来越多地应用到核临界安全分析中,这使乏燃料的贮存、运输和后处理的能力大大提高,燃料循环后段的经济性显著提高。开展乏燃料的临界实验非常重要,在建造乏燃料临界实验装置前需对其进行大量详细的临界计算。 相似文献
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用蒙特卡罗方法进行核临界安全计算 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
本文介绍了蒙特卡罗程序AMPX-KENO系统的铀富集厂核临界安全计算机中的应用,并为此作了大量临实验数据的验证计算和可用于实际生产的临界安全参数计算。 相似文献
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核反应堆电源具有寿命长、可全天候工作等特点,可作为星球表面及其他深空探测任务的电源。针对星球表面用核反应堆电源在发射过程中重返地面的临界安全问题,提出了星球表面用核反应堆的临界安全分析要求、分析假设与模型,并对反应堆临界安全特性及采取的临界安全措施进行了计算分析。计算结果表明,不同假设掉落环境下的星球表面用核反应堆的有效增殖因数均小于0.98,满足临界安全要求。反应堆通过采用Mo-14%Re合金结构材料、设置相对较厚的堆芯反射层以及在反射层包壳和堆芯外围涂覆Gd2O3涂层等措施有利于确保反应堆在事故时处于次临界状态。 相似文献
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Corium is a molten mixture of portions of a reactor core generated by a core melting accident. Corium includes fissionable materials; therefore, a criticality safety analysis must be performed for the core catcher design. This study analyzes the criticality safety of corium arranged in a core catcher developed in Korea. The corium composition was calculated for a 1400 MWe nuclear power plant. There are several variables involved in the criticality evaluation of corium, thus conservative assumptions were used to reduce the number of variables. A criticality evaluation procedure was employed to assess the operational failure of the core catcher under different accident scenarios. Four kinds of scenarios were selected, and criticality evaluations were pursued for each case. The multiplication factors in each condition were calculated with MCNP5 code. Also, the code bias was calculated with the benchmark problems of 262 LEU experiments to account for the uncertainty of MCNP code. All evaluation results for the assumed scenarios showed that the core catcher satisfies the regulatory guidelines for criticality safety. The calculation results will be used in the design of a core catcher being developed in Korea. It is expected that the data calculated in this study can be used as reference data for criticality safety evaluations of core melting accidents. Also, the procedure for criticality safety evaluation proposed in this study can be utilized to establish regulatory guidelines in Korea. 相似文献
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《Packaging, Transport, Storage and Security of Radioactive Material》2013,24(3-4):257-264
AbstractThe transport of fissile nuclear fuel cycle materials is an international business, and for international shipments the regulations require a package to be certified by each country through or into which the consignment is to be transported. This raises a number of harmonisation issues, which have an important bearing on transport activities. National authorities carry out independent reviews of the criticality safety of packages containing fissile materials but the underlying assumptions used in the calculations can differ, and the outcome is that implementation of the regulations is not uniform. A single design may require multiple criticality analyses to obtain base approval and foreign validations. When several competent authorities are involved, the approval and validation process of package design can often become a time-consuming, expensive and unpredictably lengthy process that can have a significant detrimental effect upon the businesses involved. The characteristics of the fissile nuclear fuel cycle materials transported by the various countries have much in common and so have the designs of the packages to contain them. A greater degree of standardisation should allow criticality safety to be assessed consistently and efficiently with benefits for the nuclear transport industry and the regulatory bodies. 相似文献
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Eberhard Seifert 《Nuclear Engineering and Design》1997,170(1-3):53-58
The spent fuel of the shut down Rossendorf nuclear devices is to be loaded into storage and transport casks of the type CASTOR-MTR-2. According to the variety of different nuclear devices at the Rossendorf site, the Rossendorf fuel is characterized by a great variety with regard to geometry, material, enrichment, and burn-up. According to the special loading conception, the fuel is embedded in aluminium bodies that the fill the CASTOR. The void fraction within the CASTOR is very small resulting in a small water fraction if water flooding is assumed. The criticality safety is proved by MCNP and OMEGA calculations. These are independent codes that use a completely different data base. The results of both codes agree very well demonstrating the reliability of the calculations. Apart from the proof of criticality safety, some interesting features were found mainly as a result of the very small water fraction. 相似文献
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易裂变材料运输过程中重要的安全问题之一是临界安全。在对运输货包进行临界安全分析中必须要同时考虑多货包阵列形式、事故后货包损伤对临界安全影响、最佳水慢化条件等因素。本文采用MCNP 程序针对CEFR-MOX新燃料组件运输货包进行了临界安全计算。计算结果表明:MCNP程序(采用核截面库为ENDF/B-V库)对本问题的次临界限值为0.924 6;正常运输条件下无限个运输货包的最大keff值为0.574 4,运输事故条件下无限个运输货包的最大keff值为0.659 7。根据临界安全指数的定义,确定CEFR-MOX新燃料组件运输货包的临界安全指数为0。 相似文献