金属表面任意滚动型 RFID 探测标签天线的研究

射频识别(RFID)技术在工业探测领域的应用不断深入,对 RFID 标签在多金属环境中的读取性能提出了更高的要求, 本文提出一种可以在金属表面任意滚动的高效率 RFID 标签天线。 所设计的滚动型标签天线是由倒 F 天线(IFA)进化而成,天 线采用了呈柱状布局的 4 个辐射臂,其中一组相对的两臂通过馈电面与同轴线芯线相连,另一组相对两臂与同轴线外导体相 连,一开槽的矩形辅助面置于四个辐射臂中心。 标签天线体积为 11. 3 mm×11. 3 mm×77. 5 mm,在金属平面上各种状态滚动时 中心频率变化范围为 897~ 932 MHz, | S11 |≤-10 dB 的带宽范围为 3. 5~ 8 MHz,天线辐射效率达到 70% 。 该无源标签天线具有 可以在金属背景环境中任意滚动、小型化、高效率等优势,无源标签天线与温度传感器芯片相连,可用于工业物联网复杂环境温 度探测。     

用于无源UHF RFID标签的可调匹配网络优化设计

针对无源标签天线与芯片阻抗失配问题,提出一种回波损耗小、适用范围大的标签阻抗匹配网络设计方法。给出了无源UHFRFID系统链路模型,利用标签反射系数分析了阻抗匹配情况对系统性能的影响。基于二端口网络和射频识别技术原理,设计了二端口级联的标签阻抗匹配网络;对于不同的阻抗天线,通过改变匹配网络的电路元件参数和分布来实现可调性匹配。以Monza5芯片为例进行了仿真实验,实验结果表明,相较于现有阻抗匹配网络设计方法,该方法适用于天线阻抗实部在5~80Ω,虚部在50~400Ω的较大范围,回波损耗减小8dB以上,进而提高能量传输效率,有效增大RFID系统的识别距离。     

无源超高频RFID系统链路预算分析

计算无源超高频RFID标签可识别距离常使用Friis公式,但实际应用时存在电磁波的反射、衍射,以及标签各种贴附材料对其天线的电磁耦合效应,经典的Friis公式过于理想。本文给出了无源超高频RFID系统在实际环境中完整的链路预算模型,并对前向激活、单天线阅读器、收发天线分置阅读器三种情形分别进行了讨论。以该模型为基础,讨论了各参数,特别是小尺度多径效应和标签贴附不同材料对链路的影响,并给出了使用研发的RFID系统测试平台进行模型参数测试的方法,从而能有效估计实际应用时的标签可识别区域。     

射频识别标签天线的按需微喷射制备

基于数字化微喷射技术搭建了射频识别(RFID)标签天线的按需微喷射制备系统。首先,将纳米银导电墨水按需微喷射到镀有疏水化薄膜的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇脂(PET)基底表面形成天线图形;然后在恒温干燥箱内烧结,形成RFID标签天线。实验研究了微喷射系统参量对液滴产生的影响以及制备参数对纳米银导线成线的影响,制得了最小线宽为100μm、厚度为2.8μm、电阻率为5.2μΩ·cm且阻值具有较好线性度的导线。设计、仿真和制备了弯折偶极子天线,并对其性能参数进行了测试,结果显示其天线谐振频率、带宽和谐振点S11参数等与仿真结果具有较好的一致性。实验结果表明,按需微喷射导电银墨水制备RFID标签天线的方法具有系统结构简单、成本较低、液滴微喷射精确、便于制备任意天线图形等特点;制备的弯折偶极子天线尺寸可控、导电性高、阻值均一性好,并具有较好的天线性能。     

无源RFID标签的防爆设计研究

以石油化工企业设备巡检为研究背景,从无源RFID标签的工作原理为切入点,对无源RFID标签的内部电路进行了详细分析,该标签的防爆设计为石油化工领域物联网技术的发展奠定了基础。     

纸基RFID标签天线喷射打印化学反应沉积成形

针对目前射频识别(RFID)标签天线制备成本高、工艺复杂等问题,提出微滴按需喷射3D打印与化学沉积技术相结合制备半波偶极子天线的方法。利用构建的气动式双喷头微滴喷射系统,采用试验研究的方法,对系统按需喷射条件下产生硝酸银与抗坏血酸微滴的一致性以及基板运行速度对成线均匀性的影响进行研究,并对成形导线的电阻率进行测试;在此基础上设计、仿真和制备了半波偶极子天线,对其性能参数进行了测试。结果表明:系统产生的微滴均匀性较好;基板速度小于或等于0.5mm/s时,硝酸银成线边缘光滑度较好;成形导线的电导率为1.57×10~(-5)Ω·m;打印成形的半波偶极子天线谐振频率、谐振点回波损耗S_(11)参数等与仿真结果具有较好的一致性。为RFID标签天线提供了一种低成本制备方法。     

RFID多跳邻域定位算法

提出了一种基于接近策略的射频识别(radio frequency identification,RFID)多跳邻域定位算法.本算法采用无源标签网络对定位区域进行覆盖,并将阅读器置于待定位单元上,仅通过判断无源标签是否在阅读器识别范围内进行定位,而不计算阅读器和标签之间的信号强度,避免了增加额外设备,在降低阅读器成本的同时保证系统具有鲁棒性.文中对影响算法性能的主要因素从理论上进行了详细分析,并对系统构建及参数选择进行了深入研究.仿真实验及实际测试结果均表明,该定位系统具有较高定位精度,且不易受环境、障碍物等因素的干扰.     

无源RFID的集成电容式传感器接口电路设计

针对射频识别技术(RFID)迅猛发展的需求,采用0.18μm CMOS工艺设计并制造了一种电容式传感器接口电路。该接口电路为全数字结构,能将传感器电容值转换到频域进行处理。它采用了一种新型的内部限幅的环形振荡器结构,比传统反相器结构振荡器降低了约30%功耗。后期测试结果显示,所设计的集成接口电路获得了良好的线性度和稳定性能,占用0.21 mm~2芯片面积,1 V电源电压下仅消耗0.92μW功率,尤其适合于无源RFID传感器标签设计中。     

车载RFID读写器展示未来叉车风貌

Intermec最近推出其最新版本的车载RFID(无线射频识别)读写器,这款名为IV7C的产品是一台坚固的RFID标签读写器,其设计特点是在一辆叉车上能从任意方位读取RFID标签。目前,IV7C是市场上惟一一款经过EPCglobal认证并具有互操作性的读写器。     

一款灵巧宽频带RFID读写器研究

针对各种RFID标签工作频段不尽相同,技术标准不一致,而传统RFID读写器工作频带很窄且不支持多协议,造成对标签读取不便的问题,研究和设计了对多频段、多协议的电子标签兼容的RFID读写器。提出读写器工作频率可调和多通信协议的解决方案;在系统硬件中,微控制器采用ST公司的STM32F103VET6芯片,以TI公司低成本但配置灵活的CC1101作为射频收发模块;设计了频率可调的匹配网络;在软件上实现了读写器支持多种通信协议的功能。另外,还对具有尺寸缩减作用的弯折线偶极子天线设计做了仿真研究。该读写器具有适应性强,成本低等特点,给RFID的应用带来了便捷。     

Radio Frequency Technology for Automated Manufacturing and Logistics Control. Part 1: Passive RFID Systems and the Effects of Antenna Parameters on Operational Distance

Identification plays an important role in automation. In the near future radio frequency identification (RFID) will be an option for mass production automation projects. RFID represents a contactless method for data transfer in object identification. Generally, RFID systems consists of three components: 1. A small electronic data carrying device called a transponder, or a tag that is attached to the item to be identified. 2. A reader or a scanner that communicates with the tag by using radio frequency signals. 3. A host data processing system that contains information on the identified item and distributes information to other remote data processing systems. An RFID system can be considered as a wireless communication system because the scanner communicates with the tag by using electromagnetic waves at radio frequencies. The performance of this communication link can be studied by determining the read range for backscatter RFID systems. The read range, or the distance at which the reader unit notices the tag, depends on many factors. Several parameters, e.g. the frequency used for identification, the gain, the orientation and the polarisation of the reader antenna and the transponder antenna, and the placement of the tag on the object to be identified, will all have an impact on the RFID system read range. In this paper, Part 1, we focus on presenting an overview of different passive RFID systems and the read range of the backscatter RFID system. The function of frequency, antenna gain and polarisation mismatch are analysed and discussed. In Part 2, several manufacturing automation cases of different natures will be presented. These cases contain a selection of requirements for an RFID system and they are analysed using the information presented in this paper.     

Effects of size and shape of metallic objects on performance of passive radio frequency identification

Passive ultra high frequency (UHF) spectrum radio frequency identification (RFID) systems have numerous applications. Continuous research and development of RFID systems is carried out to study solutions for different challenging cases of identification. Metallic objects set challenges for identification due to the behavior of electromagnetic waves on conductive boundaries. Therefore, novel tag designs have been developed for identification of metallic objects. This article presents a performance comparison of two different metal-mountable tag antennas, which are printed inverted-F antenna (IFA) and microstrip patch antenna with photonic band gap (PBG) ground plane and with regular ground plane. The effects of size and shape of metallic objects on tag antenna performance are studied with read range measurements and compared between the tag antenna types.     

射频电子标签天线设计及印刷工艺分析

阐述了基于13．56MHz射频印刷标签天线具体的设计方法和制造工艺。以ICODE芯片为例,描述了整个标签天线结构设计方法,设计并印刷出天线。通过对印刷天线的分析,进而得出印刷天线电感及电容的获得主要取决于设计结构的结论,而对印刷工艺而言,印刷工艺的优化目标之一则是获得较低的天线阻值,从而得到较高的天线品质因子Q,获得理想的天线综合性能,满足感应距离的需要。     

Characterization of UHF RFID tags fabricated directly on convex surfaces by pad printing

The possibility of pad printing in RFID tag antenna manufacturing is investigated. Passive UHF RFID tags were printed on flat and on convex surfaces with two different polymer thick-film silver inks. The effect of the ink and substrate material properties on tag antenna performance was examined. The goal was to provide information which is needed in adapting the pad-printing technique in RFID tag manufacture. The results show that pad printing is suitable for tag manufacturing on flat and on convex surfaces. The curvature of the substrate did not significantly affect the tag performance. It was more important to take into consideration other substrate properties, ink characteristics, morphology, and printing parameters. The best practice is to take these matters into consideration in the initial tag design process to ensure proper tag performance at the desired frequency.     

Product–service systems in health care: case study of a drug–device combination

A radio-frequency identification (RFID) system has been considered as one of the most promising systems for information technology (IT) asset management because of its well-developed level of technology, worldwide standards and its lower price than other wireless protocols such as WiFi, WiMAX, and Bluetooth. However, RFID systems for IT asset management in business-to-business (B2B) environments are still limited by several constraints such as readable range, sensor capability, and battery problems inherent in existing RFID technologies. In particular, only few research works deal with asset management in a real office environment. This paper proposes a new way of managing IT assets using surface acoustic wave (SAW)-based RFID technology to solve these problems. To show its effectiveness and feasibility, the proposed approach analyzes RFID tag performance based on an electromagnetic test and measures the readability of SAW-based RFID in an office environment. Experimental results show that one of the most hopeful candidates for managing B2B IT assets is the SAW-based RFID system because of its batteryless passive RFID characteristic, relatively long readable range, its potential and inherent sensor capability, and its expandability compared to other RFID systems. Furthermore, the proposed approach systematically analyzes where to attach RFID tags on IT asset devices considering electromagnetic performance based on ID- and sensor-detecting capabilities, which suggests the most appropriate tag position on the device.     

猪肉溯源标签置入机的研究与仿真设计

猪肉溯源标签置入机是一套把封装有RFID芯片的标签置入到宰杀好的边猪猪腿上的装置,通过对标签内芯片信息的读取来达到猪肉溯源目的。通过三维软件CATIA进行猪肉溯源标签置入机样机的仿真设计,包括主要零部件的建模、样机的装配、运动仿真,验证方案的可行性。虚拟设计缩短了猪肉溯源标签置入机的开发周期,及时解决设计中的问题,降低了成本,且最终实际样机的制作很大程度上满足设计的要求。     

Inkjet-printed passive UHF RFID tags: review and performance evaluation

In this paper, the performance and the feasibility of inkjet-printed dipole RFID tag antennas are experimentally studied in the implementation of identifying objects with different electromagnetic properties. To estimate the performance quality, we compare our results to those obtained using traditional etched copper dipole tag antennas. We first examine the performance characteristics, i.e. the read range and the radiation patterns, of tags in free space. Then we attach the tags directly to target objects and compare the optimum performance on target objects to that of the tag in free space. The obtained results provide information about the behaviour of inkjet-printed tag antennas on different objects. This information can be used to optimize the inkjet-printed tag antenna performance for use on objects with different characteristics.     

基于场景几何特征的ETC识别范围预测方法

超高频(UHF)射频识别(RFID)系统具有标签成本低、识别距离远等优点,在电子不停车收费(ETC)等智能交通领域具有应用潜力。受电波的随机多径传播制约,实际应用中难以准确估计标签识别范围。针对ETC应用场景具有几何共性的特点,基于电波传播的几何光学方法,通过对标签接收多径射线的构成进行分析,融入场景几何特征和天线射频特征参数,提出了一种标签识别范围的预测方法。实际场景测试与仿真表明,能较精确预测标签在三维空间中的接收功率分布和识别范围,且精确性高于对数正态等经验模型,而复杂性低于电磁场的商用仿真软件。