Effect of Y2O3 and Sm2O3 on Sintering and Mechanical Behaviors of Alumina Ceramics

The effects of Y2O3 and Sm2O3 doping on the sintering temperature, microstructure and mechanical behaviors of Al2O3 ceramics were investigated. The experimental results show that the sintering temperature can be decreased and the mechanical behavior can be improved by adding rare earth in alumina ceramics. The relative density of rare-earthdoped alumina ceramics reaches 98.8% after sintering at 1600 ℃ for 2 h, and its bending strength and fracture toughness reach 439 MPa and 5.28 MPa·m1/2,respectively.Introduction of Y2O3 and Sm2O3 in Al2O3 can restrain the growth of grains, refine the size of grains, and thus form a fine-grained structure. The fracture characteristic is the mixed modes of intergranular and transgranular fracture.     

高含量La_2O_3/Y_2O_3对钼合金微观组织与性能的影响

采用粉末冶金方法制备了不同质量分数La_2O_3/Y_2O_3复合稀土氧化物掺杂的钼合金,观察了钼合金物相构成、显微组织和断口形貌,测试了其力学性能。结果表明:掺杂La-2O_3/Y_2O_3钼合金的物相组成为La_2O_3、Y_2O_3和Mo;锻造态钼合金横截面的晶粒尺寸随La_2O_3/Y_2O_3含量增加而减小,锻造态钼合金纵截面的显微组织为明显的纤维状织构组织形态;锻造态Mo(La_2O_3)3.0(Y_2O_3)0.5钼合金的横截面断口为韧窝断裂和少量解理断裂,纵截面断口为沿晶脆性断裂;合金抗弯强度和弯曲角随La_2O_3/Y_2O_3含量的增加先增加后降低,Mo(La_2O_3)3.0(Y_2O_3)0.5钼合金抗弯强度达到1133 MPa,弯曲角达到38°。     

Effect of Rare Earths on Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of TiCN/Al2O3 Ceramics

The effects of Y on mechanical properties and microstructure of TiCN/Al2O3 ceramics were studied in details. The experimental results show that the mechanical properties and microstructure can be improved by adding rare earth in TiCN/Al2 O3 ceramics, flexural strength and fracture toughness of the composites increased when Y is doped by 18.99% and 18.58% than those of the matrix, respectively. Microstructure of cracks extension was observed through SEM and TEM. The mechanics of particles bridge, cracks branch and cracks deflection are enforced obviously during the processes of cracks extension because strong interfaces and weak interfaces coexist, so manifold mechanics of enforcement of toughness act upon together to increase fracture toughness of TiCN/Al2 O3 doped with Y.     

Mechanical Behaviors of ZrO2-Al2O3 Ceramic Composites with Y2O3 as Stabilizer

Forlongthebrittlenessofceramicmaterialshasstoodinthewayofindustrialapplicationanddevelop ment.However ,inrecentyears ,suchprogressasthephasetransformationtougheningofzirconia ,thedis persionofparticletougheningandthefiberorwhiskertougheninghavewellimprove…     

Wettability of silicon carbide ceramic by Al2O3/Dy2O3 and Al2O3/Yb2O3 systems

Wettability is an important phenomenon in the liquid phase sintering of silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics. This work involved a study of the wetting of SiC ceramics by two oxide systems, Al₂O₃ /Dy₂O₃ and Al₂O₃ /Yb₂O₃, which have so far not been studied for application in the sintering of SiC ceramics. Five mixtures of each system were prepared, with different compositions close to their respective eutectic ones. Samples of the mixtures were pressed into cylindrical specimens, which were placed on a SiC plate and subjected to temperatures above their melting points using a graphite resistance furnace. The behavior of the melted mixtures on the SiC plate was observed by means of an imaging system using a CCD camera and the sessile drop method was employed to determine the contact angle, the parameter that measures the degree of wettability. The results of variation in the contact angle as a function of temperature were plotted in graphic form which showed that the curves displayed a fast decline and good spreading. All the samples of the two systems presented final contact angles of 40° to 10° indicating their good wetting on SiC in the argon atmosphere. The melted/solidified area and interface between SiC and melted/solidified phase were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and their crystalline phases were identified by X-ray diffraction (DRX). The DRX analysis showed that Al₂O₃ and RE₂O₃ reacted and formed the Dy₃Al₅O₁₂ (DyAg) and Yb₃Al₅O₁₂ (YbAg) phases. The results indicated that the two systems had a promising potential as additives for the sintering of SiC ceramics.     

Study on Mg PSZ Ceramics Doped with Y_2O_3 and CeO_2

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Effect of Y2O3 on Dielectric Properties of BaTiO3 Ceramics

Tiny amount of rare earth Y2O3 can restrain the growth of grains and broaden the peak of BaTiO3 ceramics.Proper characteristics of capacitance change with temperature were obtained. Meanwhile, the insulation resistance increased with the increasing contents of Y2O3. In this system, the cooperation of Y2O3 with Ho2O3 was also discussed.It is concluded that the insulation resistivity reduces if the content of Y2 O3 is below 0.25 %. With the increasing content of additives, weak-binding electrons in grains will be compensated by V"8a so the insulation resistivity increased. The breakdown voltage is enhanced to 15 kV · mm-1.     

Y2O3对金属基陶瓷内衬显微组织和力学性能的影响

研究了稀土钇对提高陶瓷复合钢管的表面质量和力学性能的影响。结果表明,加入0.5%(质量分数)的Y_2O_3和2%的SiO_2对改善陶瓷表面质量和提高其力学性能有较好效果。     

Nd对Ru/Al2O3氨合成催化剂性能的影响

采用等体积浸渍法制备了一系列Ru-Nd/Al2O3氨合成催化剂。通过TPD、CO化学脉冲吸附法等手段研究了Nd对催化剂的性能影响。结果表明,Nd的加入抑制了H2的吸附,促进了N2的解离吸附,同时修饰了载体,使Ru金属分散度提高。研究还表明,当Nd的含量在8%左右,反应温度在475℃时,催化剂的活性最高。     

Y2O3含量对钼合金组织和性能的影响

采用粉末冶金方法制备含Y2O3的稀土钼合金,利用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、能谱分析(EDS)等手段对钼合金的断裂特征和组织结构进行对比分析,研究稀土氧化物Y2O3含量对钼合金组织和性能的影响.研究表明:添加Y2O3能细化晶粒、改善钼合金的晶粒均匀性和致密度、提高钼合金的性能:拉伸强度和屈服强度随Y2O3含量的增加呈现先增高后降低的趋势,在Y2O3含量为1％时,抗拉强度达511.43MPa,屈服强度456.99MPa,分别是纯钼材料的1.31倍和1.57倍,综合力学性能最佳;在烧结坯中,Y2O3颗粒分布均匀,主要以球形和等轴状形式存在于晶界上.     

Catalytic Synthesis of Tert-Butyl Acetate by Nd2O3/Al2O3-Nd2O3/ZnO

Nd2O3 was used to support Al2O3 and ZnO to prepare a supported solid base catalyst and investigate the effect of catalyst and reaction conditions on the synthesis of tert-butyl acetate. The composited oxide of Nd2O3/Al2O3-Nd2O3/ZnO exhibited excellent catalytic activity for the synthsis of tert-butyl acetate. The molar ratio of tert-butanol to acetic anhydride is 31, the catalyst in total amount of reactant nearly 0.5%, and reaction time 6 h. With the above conditions, yield of the reaction could reach to 65%. The structure of product were verified by the FT-IR, Element analysis, and MS, which proved that the product was tert-butyl acetate.     

Preparing of Nano-Sized Power RE2O3(RE = La,Y,Gd) by Pyrolying Precursors

The precursors RE (HSal) 3 ( RE = La, Y, Gd; HSal = C6 H4 (OH) COO) were synthesized by the rheological phase reaction method. The mechanism and products of thermal decomposition of precursors was studied by using TG,DTA, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Nano-sized RE2O3 ( RE = La, Y and Gd) power were obtained by thermal decomposition of the precursors in air at 800 ℃. TEM measurement indicates that RE2O3 are spherical particles. The middle level diameter ( d50 ) of the particles are 19.3 ( La2O3 ) , 53.8 ( Y2O3 ) and 28.6 nm( Gd2O3 ) respectively by means of laser particles size analyzer.     

Effect of Y2O3, CeO2 on Sintering Properties of Si3N4 Ceramics

The effect of rare earth oxides Y203 or Ce02 on sintering properties of Si3N4 ceramics was studied and the mechanism of assisting action during sintering was analyzed. The results in dicate that the best sintering properties appear in Si3N4 ceramics with 5% Y203 or 8% CeO2. Secondary crystallites are formed at grain boundaries after heat treatment,which decreases the amount of glass phase and contributes to the improvement of high-temperature mechanical properties of silicon nitride.     

稀土对Fe－C－Al－Si铸铁组织和性能的影响

本文研究了稀土对Ｆｅ－Ｃ－Ａｌ－Ｓｉ铸铁的石墨形态，基体组织，力学性能及激冷倾向的影响。随１~＃稀土量增加，石墨由片状向蠕虫状转变较快，但由蠕虫状向球状转变很慢，故具有较大的蠕化范围。铸铁的强度在０．３～１．２％１~＃稀土范围内随稀土的增加而增加，但在１．２～２．０％范围内稍有下降。稀土具有较强的促进激冷倾向的能力，而铝具有抑制或消除激冷倾向的作用。孕育能显著降低激冷倾向，且其效果比普通铸铁更明显。并对有关机理进行了讨论。     

稀土对Al2O3陶瓷涂层组织及性能的影响

采用等离子喷涂方法制备Ａｌ２Ｏ３陶瓷涂层,研究了稀土对涂层组织及耐蚀性的影响。结果表明,在喷涂粉末中添加适当的稀土硅铁合金不仅可以改变涂层显微组织、减少和消除层状结构,而且显著提高了涂层的耐蚀性。     

Effect of La2O3-Dopant on Microstructure and Microwave Dielectric Properties of CaO-MgO-Nb2O5-TiO2 System Ceramics

With the development of microwave integratedsystem for wireless communication, requirements ofthe microwave device are combined with high dielec tric constants (εr), low dielectric losses (Q = 1/tanδ) and near zero temperature coefficient for stabili ty and frequency selectivity[1,2]. But it is hard to findmaterials that satisfy all above mentioned requiredcharacteristics. In general, a ceramic with a high di electric constant has a larger positive temperature coef fi…     

稀土钇掺杂纳米钛酸钡基介电陶瓷的合成及其性能研究

采用常压水相法,在100℃以下制备了一系列Ba1-xSrxYyTi1-yO3固溶体纳米粉末(0≤x≤0.4,0≤y≤0.1),产品为乳白色的完全互溶取代固溶体,经SEM形貌观察,粒子为均匀球形。经过造粒、成型、烧结,并测定了该系列固溶体的室温介电常数,制得了具有高介电常数的稀土掺杂纳米介电陶瓷粉体。结果表明,用常压水相方法在BaTiO3中复合掺杂适量锶和钇,由于掺杂离子均匀进入母体晶格,使室温介电常数高达9500,比BaTiO3纯相提高约5倍,比复合掺杂前提高了近3倍。     

Effect of Cerium on Mechanical Performance and Electrical Conductivity of Aluminum Rod for Electrical Purpose

The effect of rare earth element Ce on mechanical performance and electrical conductivity of aluminum rod for electrical purpose were studied under industrial production condition. Using optical microscope, SEM, TEM, EDS and X-ray diffractometer, the microstructure and phase composition of aluminum rod were measured and analyzed. The results indicate that the content of rare earth element Ce is between 0.05%～0.16% in the aluminum rod for electrical purpose. Its tensile strength is enhanced to some extent. The research also discovers that the tensile strength is enhanced remarkably with impurity element Si content increases. Because influence of Si is big to the conductivity, the Si content should be controlled continuously strictly in the aluminum for electrical purpose. Adding rare earth element Ce reduces the solid solubility of Si in the aluminum matrix, and the negative effect of Si on the aluminum conductor reduces effectively. So the limit of in Si content in aluminum rod for electrical purpose can be relaxed moderately.     

Effect of La2O3 on Microstructure and Transmittance of Transparent Alumina Ceramics

Optically transparent alumina ceramics were fabricated by conventional process and sintered without pressure in H2 atmosphere. The results indicate that relative densities of alumina specimens increase to theoretical densities （T. D. ） with increasing content of La2O3. With increasing holding time during sintering, much less pores and larger grains were found in the sintered alumina samples. Higher transmittance was achieved in alumina codoped with MgO and La2O3 as compared with that doped with MgO only. The total-transmittance of alumina sample is up to 86% at twavelength range of 300 - 800 nm.     

Sintering Densification and Microstructure Formation Kinetics in Silicon Nitride Ceramics

Research has been done on how the shrinkage rate and microstructure in the Si₃N₄ Al₂O₃ Y₂O₃ are dependent on temperature and nitrogen pressure during sintering. The shrinkage rate curves alter as the activator content varies. Additional densification may occur above 1800°C because of diffusion through the increased amount of liquid.