共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 433 毫秒
1.
对TCP拥塞控制算法作了一些改进,以适应于无线链路传输环境.基本方法是根据TCP测量的RTT值动态估计当前链路可用带宽,重新计算并设置拥塞窗口cwnd值.仿真显示,改进后的TCP应用于无线环境性能有了较大的改进. 相似文献
2.
3.
使用EHN-HP机制提高移动切换中TCP性能 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
移动通讯技术的发展促使传统有线互联网向无线移动网络延伸.TCP协议是现在互联网上使用最为广泛的端到端可靠传输协议,但TCP协议是在有线链路基础上设计的,直接在无线移动网络上使用TCP协议会造成TCP性能的下降.本文详细分析了移动切换对TCP协议造成的影响,比较并分析现有的几种解决方案,针对切换对TCP造成的影响提出了EHN-HP机制.EHN-HP机制在现有的TCP协议上进行改进,增加了切换处理机制(Handoff Process),通过网络模拟器的模拟结果表明,EHN-HP机制有效的改善了TCP协议在切换过程中的性能. 相似文献
4.
该文分析了无线链路和移动环境下TCP有关拥塞假设存在的问题,并介绍了现有的TCP性能改善的解决方案和评估建议,最后提出了TCP性能改进的综合解决方案及实现的关键技术。 相似文献
5.
针对有线网络设计的传输控制协议(TCP),在应用到无线环境中时存在许多不兼容问题,必须对TCP进行修改.目前人们提出了几种对TCP协议在无线网络环境下的改进方案,但是这些改进方案同IP安全协议(IPsec)存在一定的中突.文章分析了IPsec与TCP的改进方案之间的冲突问题,给出了4种解决方案:用传输层安全协议/安全套接层协议(TLS/SSL)代替IPsec、扩展封装安全载荷(ESP)协议、对TCP路径分段和修改IPsec的端到端保护模式,并分析了各方案的优缺点. 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
主要对无线网格网中的TCP公平性进行仿真分析研究。给出了仿真模型和公平性指数公式,模拟了多条TCP业务流的传输过程并对其公平性指数进行定量计算,为今后进一步的改进研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
9.
针对无线上行链路的TCP跨层改进机制 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在下一代蜂窝通信系统(例如,4G)里,传输控制协议(TCP)做为主要的端到端传输协议将随着互联网业务的开展而得到相当广泛的应用。本文根据上行无线链路对TCP的影响,提出了一种针对上行链路的TCP改进机制。该机制利用无线链路控制层(RLC)的反馈信息,实现了对TCP层定时器的自适应控制,从而大大降低了上行无线链路对TCP性能的影响。仿真结果表明,同传统的TCP机制相比,本文提出的TCP改进机制能够使得TCP在可靠性低,突发错误时间长以及切换时延高的无线移动环境更为有效地工作。 相似文献
10.
针对无线自组织网络TCP性能不高的问题,在网络节点所处的平面上引入空间约束机制,通过加入位置信息和增大平面以降低网络节点间干扰的方法来减小网络总干扰。分析了网络源节点的广播成功率,计算了网络节点的空间位置下界,并分别就单TCP流和多TCP流的情况下网络的有效性加以讨论。通过实验仿真可见,这种新型的性能改进方法可以有效提高无线自组织网络的相关性能。 相似文献
11.
12.
Wei‐Peng Chen Yung‐Ching Hsiao Jennifer C. Hou Ye Ge Michael P. Fitz 《Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing》2002,2(1):37-57
It is well known that the performance of TCP deteriorates in a mobile wireless environment. This is due to the fact that although the majority of packet losses are results of transmission errors over the wireless links, TCP senders still take packet loss as an indication of congestion, and adjust their congestion windows according to the additive increase and multiplicative decrease (AIMD) algorithm. As a result, the throughput attained by TCP connections in the wireless environment is much less than it should be. The key problem that leads to the performance degradation is that TCP senders are unable to distinguish whether packet loss is a result of congestion in the wireline network or transmission errors on the wireless links. In this paper, we propose a light‐weight approach, called syndrome, to improving TCP performance in mobile wireless environments. In syndrome, the BS simply counts, for each TCP connection, the number of packets that it relays to the destination host so far, and attaches this number in the TCP header. Based on the combination of the TCP sequence number and the BS‐attached number and a solid theoretical base, the destination host will be able to tell where (on the wireline or wireless networks) packet loss (if any) occurs, and notify TCP senders (via explicit loss notification, ELN) to take appropriate actions. If packet loss is a result of transmission errors on the wireless link, the sender does not have to reduce its congestion window. Syndrome is grounded on a rigorous, analytic foundation, does not require the base station to buffer packets or keep an enormous amount of states, and can be easily incorporated into the current protocol stack as a software patch. Through simulation studies in ns‐2 (UCB, LBNL, VINT network simulator, http://www‐mash.cs.berkeley.edu/ns/ ), we also show that syndrome significantly improves the TCP performance in wireless environments and the performance gain is comparable to the heavy‐weight SNOOP approach (either with local retransmission or with ELN) that requires the base station to buffer, in the worst case, a window worth of packets or states. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
13.
TCP Westwood: End-to-End Congestion Control for Wired/Wireless Networks 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
Casetti Claudio Gerla Mario Mascolo Saverio Sanadidi M.Y. Wang Ren 《Wireless Networks》2002,8(5):467-479
TCP Westwood (TCPW) is a sender-side modification of the TCP congestion window algorithm that improves upon the performance of TCP Reno in wired as well as wireless networks. The improvement is most significant in wireless networks with lossy links. In fact, TCPW performance is not very sensitive to random errors, while TCP Reno is equally sensitive to random loss and congestion loss and cannot discriminate between them. Hence, the tendency of TCP Reno to overreact to errors. An important distinguishing feature of TCP Westwood with respect to previous wireless TCP extensions is that it does not require inspection and/or interception of TCP packets at intermediate (proxy) nodes. Rather, TCPW fully complies with the end-to-end TCP design principle. The key innovative idea is to continuously measure at the TCP sender side the bandwidth used by the connection via monitoring the rate of returning ACKs. The estimate is then used to compute congestion window and slow start threshold after a congestion episode, that is, after three duplicate acknowledgments or after a timeout. The rationale of this strategy is simple: in contrast with TCP Reno which blindly halves the congestion window after three duplicate ACKs, TCP Westwood attempts to select a slow start threshold and a congestion window which are consistent with the effective bandwidth used at the time congestion is experienced. We call this mechanism faster recovery. The proposed mechanism is particularly effective over wireless links where sporadic losses due to radio channel problems are often misinterpreted as a symptom of congestion by current TCP schemes and thus lead to an unnecessary window reduction. Experimental studies reveal improvements in throughput performance, as well as in fairness. In addition, friendliness with TCP Reno was observed in a set of experiments showing that TCP Reno connections are not starved by TCPW connections. Most importantly, TCPW is extremely effective in mixed wired and wireless networks where throughput improvements of up to 550% are observed. Finally, TCPW performs almost as well as localized link layer approaches such as the popular Snoop scheme, without incurring the overhead of a specialized link layer protocol. 相似文献
14.
ZHAO Hai-yang XIN Yang Information Security Center Beijing University of Posts Telecommunications Beijing P.R. China 《中国邮电高校学报(英文版)》2004,11(Z1)
1 Introduction TransmissionControlProtocol (TCP)isthedefactotransportprotocolfortheglobalInternet.TCPusesbasicIPservicestoprovideapplicationswithanend to endconnection oriented packettransportmechanism ,whichensuresthereliableandordereddeliveryofdata .ButconventionalTCPschemesmaysufferfromaseveredegradationinperformanceinwirelessenvironmentbecauseofcertaincharacteris ticsofwirelessnetworks ,suchasnon congestionlosses[1 ] ,longdelays[2 ] ,anddynamicchangingtopology[3] . ManyTCPperform… 相似文献
15.
Fei Peng Victor C. M. Leung 《International Journal of Wireless Information Networks》2007,14(3):225-236
Most of the recent research on TCP over heterogeneous wireless networks has concentrated on differentiating between packet
drops caused by congestion and link errors, to avoid significant throughput degradations due to the TCP sending window being
frequently shut down, in response to packet losses caused not by congestion but by transmission errors over wireless links.
However, TCP also exhibits inherent unfairness toward connections with long round-trip times or traversing multiple congested
routers. This problem is aggravated by the difference of bit-error rates between wired and wireless links in heterogeneous
wireless networks. In this paper, we apply the TCP Bandwidth Allocation (TBA) algorithm, which we have proposed previously,
to improve TCP fairness over heterogeneous wireless networks with combined wireless and wireline links. To inform the sender
when congestion occurs, we propose to apply Wireless Explicit Congestion Notification (WECN). By controlling the TCP window
behavior with TBA and WECN, congestion control and error-loss recovery are effectively separated. Further enhancement is also
incorporated to smooth traffic bursts. Simulation results show that not only can the combined TBA and WECN mechanism improve
TCP fairness, but it can maintain good throughput performance in the presence of wireless losses as well. A salient feature
of TBA is that its main functions are implemented in the access node, thus simplifying the sender-side implementation. 相似文献
16.
17.
Roman Dunaytsev Dmitri Moltchanov Yevgeni Koucheryavy Jarmo Harju 《International Journal of Communication Systems》2011,24(12):1533-1564
In this paper, we propose an analytical cross‐layer model for a Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) connection running over a covariance‐stationary wireless channel with a completely reliable Automatic Repeat reQuest scheme combined with Forward Error Correction (FEC) coding. Since backbone networks today are highly overprovisioned, we assume that the wireless channel is the only one bottleneck in the system which causes packets to be buffered at the wired/wireless interface and dropped as a result of buffer overflow. We develop the model in two steps. At the first step, we consider the service process of the wireless channel and derive the probability distribution of the time required to successfully transmit an IP packet over the wireless channel. This distribution is used at the next step of the modeling, where we derive expressions for the TCP long‐term steady‐state throughput, the mean round‐trip time, and the spurious timeout probability. The developed model allows to quantify the joint effect of many implementation‐specific parameters on the TCP performance over both correlated and non‐correlated wireless channels. We also demonstrate that TCP spurious timeouts, reported in some empirical studies, do not occur when wireless channel conditions are covariance‐stationary and their presence in those measurements should be attributed to non‐stationary behavior of the wireless channel characteristics. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
18.
The transmission control protocol (TCP) is one of the most important Internet protocols. It provides reliable transport services between two end‐hosts. Since TCP performance affects overall network performance, many studies have been done to model TCP performance in the steady state. However, recent researches have shown that most TCP flows are short‐lived. Therefore, it is more meaningful to model TCP performance in relation to the initial stage of short‐lived flows. In addition, the next‐generation Internet will be an unified all‐IP network that includes both wireless and wired networks integrated together. In short, modelling short‐lived TCP flows in wireless networks constitutes an important axis of research. In this paper, we propose simple wireless TCP models for short‐lived flows that extend the existing analytical model proposed in [IEEE Commun. Lett. 2002; 6 (2):85–88]. In terms of wireless TCP, we categorized wireless TCP schemes into three types: end‐to‐end scheme, split connection scheme, and local retransmission scheme, which is similar to the classification proposed in [IEEE/ACM Trans. Networking 1997; 756–769]. To validate the proposed models, we performed ns‐2 simulations. The average differences between the session completion time calculated using the proposed model and the simulation result for three schemes are less than 9, 16, and 7 ms, respectively. Consequently, the proposed model provides a satisfactory means of modelling the TCP performance of short‐lived wireless TCP flows. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
19.
20.
Owing to limited bandwidth, high bit error rate, and bursty error in the wireless environment, the performance of the transmission control protocol (TCP) degrades greatly in wireless networks.Up to now, many researchers have contributed greatly to the wireless TCP field.However, in most of their works, the wireless TCP module usually works in the TCP layer and has no idea of the actual time of the packet transmission, which is determined by the Scheduler in the media access control (MAC) layer, and this will bring the inaccuracy to the local retransmission timeout and induce the redundant local retransmission.In this article, a coordinator is introduced into the base-station (BS), which can provide efficient cooperation between the TCP module and the scheduler module.On the bais of the performance analysis and simulation results, the proposed method is shown to eliminate redundant local retransmission, increase throughput, and improve TCP-level fairness in wireless networks.Moreover, this scheme is orthogonal to those existing wireless TCP schemes, thus it can give great compatibility to the current networks, and further enhance the performance of TCP under the condition that the performance improvement benefiting from the existing approaches will not be affected. 相似文献