共查询到16条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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采用微波辐射和马来酸酐(MA)接枝技术对大豆分离蛋白(SPI)进行了复合改性,产物经甘油和水增塑后,通过热压成型得到一种SPI可生物降解材料。研究了微波功率、微波处理时间和MA添加量对该改性材料的力学性能、耐水性能和光学性能的影响,并利用扫描电镜(SEM)观察了材料的微观结构。结果表明:该复合改性SPI可生物降解材料,呈现较好的微观网状结构,并具有良好的综合性能。其拉伸强度为11.48 MPa,断裂伸长率为240.3%,吸水率为33.4%,透光率为39.5%。 相似文献
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将聚乙烯醇(PVA)按不同比例与大豆分离蛋白(SPI)混合,采用丙三醇作为增塑剂,经模压成型制备SPI/PVA塑料,采用X射线衍射仪、动态热机械分析仪、差示扫描量热仪、万能电子拉力试验机、扫描电子显微镜等研究了SPI/PVA塑料的结构、形态和性能。结果表明,丙三醇增塑的SPI会出现微相分离,即出现富丙三醇微区和富蛋白微区,而PVA的加入主要破坏了SPI在富丙三醇微区的晶体结构,并使富丙三醇微区的玻璃化转变温度向高温方向偏移。PVA的加入还明显提高了SPI/PVA塑料的拉伸强度,当PVA含量为1份时,其拉伸强度比纯SPI塑料提高了41.5 %;PVA的加入对SPI/PVA塑料的吸水性也有明显改善,其24 h吸水率从134.86 %下降到77.38 %。 相似文献
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利用复合增塑剂(甘油、乙二醇按比例组成)对天然糯米淀粉进行改性,并在高剪切作用下制得热塑性糯米淀粉基料(TPS);以松香为原料,以甘油作改性剂对松香进行酯化改性,得到松香甘油酯作增粘树脂,将制得热塑性糯米淀粉基料与松香甘油酯在一定温度下熔炼共混,并配以合适的助剂,制得松香/淀粉基可生物降解热熔胶。当松香树脂与热塑性糯米淀粉的质量配比为45/55时,所制备的热熔胶新品熔融粘度为5.1Pa·s,软化点为92℃,抗拉强度为4.5MPa,断裂伸长率为215%,月降解率为26.8%,且热稳定性较好,能达到普通市售热熔胶的技术标准要求 相似文献
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Environmental pollution caused due to petroleum-based plastics is growing worldwide. Soy protein isolate, a potential alternative to some petrochemical polymers, is cheap and available in plenty. This natural biopolymer is chemically modified with urea at 5, 10, and 20% (w/w) and 2M (molar) for better processing conditions. The FTIR spectra of the compounds have been studied to know the structure of biopolymers. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) of these samples have been monitored. TGA of the modified material has been followed using a computer analysis method, LOTUS package, developed by us, for assigning the degradation mechanism and evaluating the kinetic parameters using a number of equations. The thermal degradation mechanism of this biopolymer is explained on the basis of the kinetic parameters. 相似文献
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Jun-feng Zhu Guang-hua Zhang Zhi-chao Lai Guang-hua Zhang 《Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering》2013,52(12):1135-1141
Starch acetates (SA) were synthesized by maize starch reacting with acetic acid/acetic anhydride, using sulfuric acid as catalyst. The biodegradable films were produced by thermal gelatinization of starch suspensions blending raw starch or SA with different degree of esterification (DS) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Fourier transform infrared spectrogram (FT-IR) data showed acetate was introduced into the molecule chain of starch. Different structure of aggregation supported between the modified starch and the raw starch was determined by the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Differential scanning calorimetry indicated SA glass transition temperature reduced with increasing of its DS. X-ray diffraction pattern of SA revealed the crystallinity of chain starch was destroyed, forming many completely even amorphous areas. SEM studies showed that amorphous was raised with DS of starch acetates. The mechanical and hydrophobic properties of the films were better than those of raw starch/PVA. In 50 days outdoor soil burial biodegradable experiment in summer, the weight loss of the films was almost 50%. 相似文献
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全淀粉生物降解塑料技术研究现状 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
阐述了淀粉基生物降解塑料的研究现状及发展趋势;重点介绍了全淀粉生物降解塑料技术,从天然淀粉材料本身的多种理化特性着手,对全淀粉塑料的研究背景、现状、特点进行了较为全面的论述;并在此基础上总结归纳出了其今后的发展趋势。 相似文献
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通过热压成型制备了竹原纤维增强可生物降解塑料复合材料,研究了材料的力学性能、热稳定性、断裂面的微观结构等,以及复合材料的微生物降解性能。研究结果表明,复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度随竹原纤维含量增加而增加,当竹原纤维质量分数为16.67%时,复合材料的拉伸强度和弯曲强度较纯可降解塑料分别增加46.9%和93.1%,但断裂伸长率和冲击强度随着竹原纤维含量增加而降低。复合材料的热稳定性比纯可降解塑料和竹原纤维更好。在土壤微生物的作用下,复合材料在20 d时间的降解率可达19.4%。 相似文献
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