H.264/AVC标准中的CABAC应用研究

H.264／AVC是由国际电信联盟(ITU)和国际标准化组织(ISO)共同制定的新一代视频编码标准。他的熵编码方案采纳了基于上下文的自适应二进制算术编码(CABAC)。CABAC是一种高效的熵编码，他利用上下文建模来降低符号间的冗余度，并且能够自适应码流的统计信息，获得很高的编码效率。深入研究了CABAC中的二进制化、上下文建模和自适应二进制算术编码器，并进行了相应的试验。实验结果表明：在相同的图像质量下，CABAC和CAVLC相比节省6％～15％的码率。     

H．264／AVC中二进制算术编码的研究

基于上下文的二进制算术编码（CABAC）是H．264／AVC中采用的一种高效的熵编码方法。本文简述算术编码的基本原理和CABAC的步骤．详细分析了二进制算术编码的过程。     

H.264/AVC中二进制算术编码的分析与研究

算术编码是一种高效的熵编码方法，已经广泛应用于图像和视频编码中。文中简述了算术编码的基本原理，介绍了可行的算术编码算法，详细分析了H．264／AVC的CABAC中采用的自适应二进制算术编码的算法并对其性能进行了测试。     

高清H.264CABAC解码器的优化设计

针对能够在FPGA 上实现实时解码H.264/AVC 高清晰视频序列码流的目标,本文提出了一种基于上下文的自适应二进制算术编码（CABAC）解码器的硬件设计结构,旨在解决解码过程中并行程度低,以及存储资源消耗大的问题.该设计对解码流程中的存储结构和关键路径进行优化,并采用了硬件加速,从而显著地提高了CABAC 的解码效率并充分利用了存储空间.测试结果表明,该方案能够满足H.264/AVC 高级档次高清视频序列实时解码系统的要求.     

HEVC编码单元自适应双编码器中二进制化研究与优化

为提高屏幕图像压缩性能,同济大学超大规模集成电路研究所在HEVC基础上提出了一种编码单元自适应双编码器方案,其CABAC部分与HEVC相同,然而采用新方案的码流经过CABAC二进制化后同等条件下没有原来压缩效果好,需要改进CABAC中二进制化部分使之适合屏幕图像,本文主要对该双编码器方案进行二进制化研究与优化。     

H．264中指数哥伦布编码器的硬件设计及实现

H.264标准中熵编码由指数哥伦布与基于上下文自适应的可变长编码(CAVLC)或基于上下文自适应的算术编码(CABAC)构成,本文全面介绍了H.264视频压缩标准中熵编码以及指数哥伦布的基本原理,重点阐述了指数哥伦布编码器的硬件实现方法并给出了硬件综合结果。     

H.264/AVC中基于上下文的自适应二进制算术编码

基于上下文自适应二进制算术编码(CABAC)H．264／AVC采用的高效熵编码方法之一,它由二进制化、上下文建模、算术编码三个步骤构成。详细阐述了CABAC的整个编码过程,并对它与VLC／CAVLC在编码性能上作了比较。     

AVS＋熵编码关键技术比较研究

AVS＋是我国2012年颁布的新一代视频编码标准。AVS＋中采用了两种熵编码方法,一种是基于上下文的自适应变长编码CAVLC;另一种为基于上下文的自适应二进制算术编码CABAC。已经有人对H.264标准比较了两种编码体制的优劣,本文针对AVS＋编码应用,简述分析二者算法原理,对照比较其特点,通过测试表明CABAC耗时稍长,但是比CAVLC更加高效。     

自适应算术码及其解码器的硬件实现

H.264／AVC是由联合视频小组（JVT）在2003年5月提出的最新视频压缩标准。基于上下文自适应二进制算术编码（CABAC）是H．264／AVC提高编码效率最重要的工具之一。本文提出了一种CABAC解码器体系结构。极大地提高系统性能和解码速度，可以实现对高清码流的解码。     

CABAC在H.264/AVC中的应用

H．264／AVC是由国际电信联盟和国际标准化组织共同制定的新一代视频编码标准。在该标准中，规定了两种熵编码的模式，即基于上下文的自适应二进制算术编码（Context-bsaed Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding，CABAC）和基于上下文自适应可变长编码（Context-bsaed Adaptive Variable-Length Coding，CAVLC）。其中，CABAC作为一种新型的熵编码方法，将自适应技术、上下文模型化和二进制算术编码有地的结合在一起，达到了较高的压缩效率，CABAC的框架中还使用了一些新颖的方法，使得CABAC在软硬件的实现上更加方便。为了验证CABAC的实际效果，笔者应用参考程序对其进行了直观的测试，实验结果表明：在相同图像质量下，CABAC和CAVLC相比的确能节省较大的平均比特率。     

Efficient Differential Pixel Value Coding in CABAC for H.264/AVC Lossless Video Compression

Since context-based adaptive binary arithmetic coding (CABAC) as the entropy coding method in H.264/AVC was originally designed for lossy video compression, it is inappropriate for lossless video compression. Based on the fact that there are statistical differences of residual data between lossy and lossless video compression, we propose an efficient differential pixel value coding method in CABAC for H.264/AVC lossless video compression. Considering the observed statistical properties of the differential pixel value in lossless coding, we modified the CABAC encoding mechanism with the newly designed binarization table and the context-modeling method. Experimental results show that the proposed method achieves an approximately 12% bit saving, compared to the original CABAC method in the H.264/AVC standard.     

Hardware implementation of HEVC CABAC binarization/de-binarization

High efficiency video coding (HEVC) video codec applies different techniques in order to achieve high compression ratios and video quality that supports real-time applications. One of the critical techniques in HEVC is the Context adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding (CABAC) which is type of entropy coding. CABAC comes at the cost of increased computational complexity, especially for parallelization and pipeline of these blocks: binarization, context modeling and binary arithmetic encoding. The Binarization (BZ) and de-Binarization (DBZ) methods are considered as important techniques in HEVC CABAC encoder and decoder respectively. Indeed, an important goal is to get high throughput in hardware architectures of CABAC BZ and DBZ in order to achieve high resolution applications. This work is the only one found on recent literature which focuses on design and implementation of full BZ and full DBZ compatible with H.265 and H.264. Consequently, a hardware architectures of BZ and DBZ are designed and implemented by using VHDL language, targeted an FPGA virtex4 xc4vsx25-12ff668 board and emulated with ModelSim. As a result, the implementation of BZ and DBZ can process 2 bins/cycle for each syntax element when operated at 697.83 MHz and 789.26 MHz, respectively. The proposed designs exhibits an improved high-throughput of 1395.66 Mbins/s for BZ and 1578.52 Mbins/s for the DBZ. The obtained Area Efficiencies in our proposed BZ and DBZ are about 0.544 Mbins/s/slices and 0.606 Mbins/s/slices, respectively, and it is better than many recent works.     

H.264中二进制算术编码的硬件实现

H.264标准中的二进制算术编码算法复杂,用软件实现起来速度慢,编码一个信号需要多个时钟周期。结合硬件实现特点,对算法流程进行合理优化,采用流水线设计方法,电路结构采用Verilog HDL进行RTL级描述,在Synplify平台上进行FPGA综合,介绍了H.264中二进制算术编码的FPGA实现方案。编码速度达到1 b/cycle,工作频率达到75.7 MHz,完全可以应用于视频图像的实时编码中。     

H.264/AVC标准中基于CABAC的数字视频加密研究

分析和总结了用于新一代视频编码标准H.264／AVC加密的候选域，在此基础上提出了一种新的基于CABAC（基于上下文的自适应二进制算术编码）的数字视频加密方案，并给出了2种安全加密操作：RCME（规则编码模式加密）和BCME（旁路编码模式加密）实现了残差系数码字、运动矢量差码字和帧内预测模式的加密保护。实验结果表明，该方案具有较好的安全性、编码效率和误码顽健性。     

Error-resilient decoding of context-based adaptive binary arithmetic codes

This paper addresses the problem of error-resilient decoding of bitstreams produced by the CABAC (context-based adaptive binary arithmetic coding) algorithm used in the H.264 video coding standard. The paper describes a maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimation algorithm improving the CABAC decoding performances in the presence of transmission errors. Methods improving the re-synchronization and error detection capabilities of the decoder are then described. A variant of the CABAC algorithm supporting error detection based on a forbidden interval is presented. The performances of the decoding algorithm are first assessed with theoretical sources and by considering different binarization codes. They are compared against those obtained with Exp-Golomb codes and with a transmission chain making use of an error-correcting code. The approach has been integrated in an H.264/MPEG-4 AVC video coder and decoder. The PSNR gains obtained are discussed.     

Efficient entropy coding scheme for H.264/AVC lossless video coding

Context-based adaptive variable length coding (CAVLC) and context-based adaptive binary arithmetic coding (CABAC) are entropy coding methods employed in the H.264/AVC standard. Since these entropy coders are originally designed for encoding residual data, which are zigzag scanned and quantized transform coefficients, they cannot provide adequate coding performance for lossless video coding where residual data are not quantized transform coefficients, but the differential pixel values between the original and predicted pixel values. Therefore, considering the statistical characteristics of residual data in lossless video coding, we newly design each entropy coding method based on the conventional entropy coders in H.264/AVC. From the experimental result, we have verified that the proposed method provides not only positive bit-saving of 8% but also reduced computational complexity compared to the current H.264/AVC lossless coding mode.     

一种基于H.264 CABAC的视频加密方案

基于块的数字视频编码一般包括运动估计、残差块变换和熵编码三个阶段。针对传统的视频加密方案是对第二阶段中的残差变换系数进行的加密,提出了一种基于H.264CABAC熵编码的视频加密方案。该方案充分利用了流密码加密简单、运算快的优点,将加密过程置于视频编码的第三个阶段。并利用可灵活配置的加密模块和密文反馈模式,增强加密的安全性。理论分析和实验结果表明,提出的算法具有计算简单、安全高效、易于实现、不改变视频格式和压缩效率的优点。