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1.
Poly(ε-caprolactone)-block-poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PCL-b-PDMAEMA) block copolymers were applied to fabricate elongated polymer platelets with axial length of 5–20 μm and thickness of ca. 10 nm by crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA). The block copolymer platelets composed of a crystallized PCL layer sandwiched between two PDMAEMA layers were obtained spontaneously by adding methanol, a selective solvent of PDMAEMA, into the block copolymer solution of THF at 25 °C. Therefore, this is a facile approach to generate lamellar nanoobjects of block copolymers. Effects of the block copolymer compositions on the morphologies of platelets were investigated. The presence of PDMAEMA segments along the lamellar surfaces was further confirmed by loading gold nanoparticles. Moreover, PEO-b-PCL-b-PDMAEMA triblock terpolymer could form spindle platelets by this approach. The crystalline platelets were characterized by the transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD).  相似文献   

2.
A poly(l-lactic acid)-block-polystyrene-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PLLA-b-PS-b-PMMA) triblock copolymer was synthesized with a crystalline PLLA end block. Single crystals of this triblock copolymer grown in dilute solution could generate uniformly tethered diblock copolymer brushes, PS-b-PMMA, on the PLLA single crystal substrate. The diblock copolymer brushes exhibited responsive, characteristic surface structures after solvent treatment depending upon the quality of the solvent in relation to each block. The chemical compositions of these surface structures were detected via the surface enhanced Raman scattering technique. Using atomic force microscopy, the physical morphologies of these surface structures were identified as micelles in cyclohexane and “onion”-like morphologies in 2-methoxyethanol, especially when the PS-b-PMMA tethered chains were at low tethering density.  相似文献   

3.
Summary  A novel synthetic route, combining three reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) and one atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) processes, for the preparation of a miktoarm dumbbell-like amphiphilic triblock copolymer, poly(poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate)-b-polystyrene-b-(poly(4-vinylbenzyl chloride)-g-polystyrene) (PPEGMA-b-PS-b-(PVBC-g-PS)), was developed using 2-cyanoprop-2-yl 1-dithionaphthalate (CPDN) as a RAFT agent, and the benzyl chloride group of the VBC units in the PVBC block as active ATRP macroinitiators, respectively. The structures of the obtained (co)polymers were characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy. The obtained PPEGMA-b-PS-b-(PVBC-g-PS) amphiphilic triblock graft copolymer could self-assemble into spherical micelles with 100-300 nm diameters in a selective solvent.  相似文献   

4.
Xiaoyi Sun  Xiaohua Huang  Qi-Feng Zhou 《Polymer》2005,46(14):5251-5257
The synthesis of ABC triblock copolymer poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(methyl methacrylate)-block-polystyrene (PEO-b-PMMA-b-PS) via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) is reported. First, a PEO-Br macroinitiator was synthesized by esterification of PEO with 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide, which was subsequently used in the preparation of halo-terminated poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PEO-b-PMMA) diblock copolymers under ATRP conditions. Then PEO-b-PMMA-b-PS triblock copolymer was synthesized by ATRP of styrene using PEO-b-PMMA as a macroinitiator. The structures and molecular characteristics of the PEO-b-PMMA-b-PS triblock copolymers were studied by FT-IR, GPC and 1H NMR.  相似文献   

5.
Temperature, pH, and reduction triple‐stimuli‐responsive inner‐layer crosslinked micelles as nanocarriers for drug delivery and release are designed. The well‐defined tetrablock copolymer poly(polyethylene glycol methacrylate)–poly[2‐(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate]–poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide)–poly(methylacrylic acid) (PPEGMA‐PDMAEMA‐PNIPAM‐PMAA) is synthesized via atom transfer radical polymerization, click chemistry, and esterolysis reaction. The tetrablock copolymer self‐assembles into noncrosslinked micelles in acidic aqueous solution. The core‐crosslinked micelles, shell‐crosslinked micelles, and shell–core dilayer‐crosslinked micelles are prepared via quaternization reaction or carbodiimide chemistry reaction. The crosslinked micelles are used as drug carriers to load doxorubicin (DOX), and the drug encapsulation efficiency with 20% feed ratio reached 59.2%, 73.1%, and 86.1%, respectively. The cumulative release rate of DOX is accelerated by single or combined stimulations. The MTT (3‐(4,5‐Dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay verifies that the inner‐layer crosslinked micelles show excellent cytocompatibility, and DOX‐loaded micelles exhibit significantly higher inhibition for HepG2 cell proliferation. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2018 , 135, 46714.  相似文献   

6.
BACKGROUND: Chemical or physical crosslinking of supramolecular assemblies gives them stability in a wide range of environments. Much attention is paid to multilayer (onion‐like) polymeric micelles because their functionality is higher than classic core‐shell micelles. This work reports on the formation and crosslinking of onion‐like micelles prepared by mixing two different block copolymers containing a crosslinkable poly(dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) block. RESULTS: Block copolymers of a crosslinkable PDMAEMA block were synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization of 2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) from poly(propylene oxide) (PPO) or poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) macroinitiators. The (PDMAEMA13)‐block‐PPO69block‐(PDMAEMA13) triblock formed wormlike core‐shell micelles, which were converted into ellipsoidal onion‐like micelles on mixing with the PEO45block‐P(DMAEMA8co‐MMA4) diblock. Onion‐like micelles were crosslinked by quaternization of DMAEMA units. CONCLUSION: Formation of onion‐like micelles by mixing two different AB (ABA) and B′C block copolymers and their subsequent crosslinking is a valuable approach towards stabilized supramolecular assemblies of a higher complexity and functionality than the individual constitutive components. Copyright © 2008 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

7.
Jingwei Liu  Liang Ding  Dan Yang  Liya Zhang 《Polymer》2009,50(22):5228-4963
A new amphiphilic AB2 star copolymer was synthesized by the combination of ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) and atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). Two different routes (methods A and B) were employed firstly to prepare the poly(oxanorbornene)-based monotelechelic polymers as the hydrophobic arm bearing dibromo-ended group via ROMP in the presence of two different terminating agents catalyzed by first generation Grubbs catalyst. The values of capping efficiency (CE) of the polymers were determined by NMR, which were 94% and 67% for methods A and B, respectively. Then, the dibromo-ended ROMP polymers were used as the macroinitiators for ATRP of 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) to produce two hydrophilic arms. The prepared amphiphilic AB2 star copolymers poly(7-oxanorborn-5-ene-exo,exo-2,3-dicarboxylic acid dimethyl ester)-block-bis[poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate)] (PONBDMn-b-(PDMAEMAm)2) with a fixed chain length of hydrophobic PONBDM and various hydrophilic PDMAEMA chain lengths can self-assemble spontaneously in water to form polymeric micelles, which were characterized by dynamic light scattering, atom force microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy measurements.  相似文献   

8.
Kaiqiang Chen  Qina Sa  Hanying Zhao 《Polymer》2008,49(11):2650-2655
In this paper, a new method to prepare polymer colloid particles stabilized by triblock copolymer with CdS nanoparticles was described. Poly(ethylene glycol-block-styrene-block-2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate) (PEG-b-PS-b-PDMAEMA) triblock copolymer was synthesized by sequential ATRP method. Micelles with CdS nanoparticles in the corona were prepared by “in situ” reaction of hydrogen sulfide with cadmium ion clusters in the corona of the micelles. The size of the CdS nanoparticles is affected by molar ratio of DMAEMA to cadmium ions and polymer concentration in the solution. When introduced into o/w emulsion the micelles reassemble on the surface of styrene oil droplets. PS colloid particles stabilized by triblock copolymer with CdS nanoparticles were achieved by suspension polymerization. TEM image indicates that CdS nanoparticles locate at the surface of the PS colloid particles.  相似文献   

9.
A poly(ethylene oxide)‐block‐poly(dimethylamino ethyl methacrylate) block copolymer (PEO‐b‐PDMAEMA) bearing an amino moiety at the PEO chain end was synthesized by a one‐pot sequential oxyanionic polymerization of ethylene oxide (EO) and dimethylamino ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA), followed by a coupling reaction between its PEO amino and a biotin derivative. The polymers were charac terized with 1H NMR spectroscopy and gel permeation chromatography. Activated biotin, biotin‐NHS (N‐hydroxysuccinimide), was used to synthesize biotin‐PEO‐PDMAEMA. In aqueous media, the solubility of the copolymer was temperature‐ and pH‐sensitive. The particle size of the micelle formed from functionalized block copolymers was determined by dynamic light scattering. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 3552–3558, 2006  相似文献   

10.
The aim of the work reported was to synthesize a series of double‐hydrophilic poly(methacrylic acid)‐block‐poly(ethylene glycol)‐block‐poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAA‐b‐PEG‐b‐PMAA) triblock copolymers and to study their self‐assembly behavior. These copolymeric self‐assembly systems are expected to be potential candidates for applications as carriers of hydrophilic drugs. Bromo‐terminated difunctional PEG macroinitiators were used to synthesize well‐defined triblock copolymers of poly(tert‐butyl methacrylate)‐block‐poly(ethylene glycol)‐block‐poly(tert‐butyl methacrylate) via reversible‐deactivation radical polymerization. After the removal of the tert‐butyl group by hydrolysis, double‐hydrophilic PMAA‐b‐PEG‐b‐PMAA triblock copolymers were obtained. pH‐sensitive spherical micelles with a core–corona structure were fabricated by self‐assembly of the double‐hydrophilic PMAA‐b‐PEG‐b‐PMAA triblock copolymers at lower solution pH. Transmission electron microscopy and laser light scattering studies showed the micelles were of nanometric scale with narrow size distribution. Solution pH and micelle concentration strongly influenced the hydrodynamic radius of the spherical micelles (48–310 nm). A possible reason for the formation of the micelles is proposed. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

11.
Joachim Schmelz  Holger Schmalz 《Polymer》2012,53(20):4333-4337
We present a straightforward approach to well-defined 1D patchy particles utilizing crystallization-induced self-assembly. A polystyrene-block-polyethylene-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PS-b-PE-b-PMMA) triblock terpolymer is cocrystallized in a random fashion with a corresponding polystyrene-block-polyethylene-block-polystyrene (PS-b-PE-b-PS) triblock copolymer to yield worm-like crystalline-core micelles (wCCMs). Here, the corona composition (PMMA/PS fraction) can be easily adjusted via the amount of PS-b-PE-b-PMMA triblock terpolymer in the mixture and opens an easy access to wCCMs with tailor-made corona structures. Depending on the PMMA fraction, wCCMs with a mixed corona, spherical PMMA patches embedded in a continuous PS corona, as well as alternating PS and PMMA patches of almost equal size can be realized. Micelles prepared by cocrystallization show the same corona structure as those prepared from neat triblock terpolymers at identical corona composition. Thus, within a certain regime of desired corona compositions the laborious synthesis of new triblock terpolymers for every composition can be circumvented.  相似文献   

12.
Liang Tong  Dong Yang  Yongjun Li  Guolin Lu 《Polymer》2009,50(11):2341-2348
We present the synthesis and self-assembly behavior of a new semi-fluorinated amphiphilic triblock copolymer. A series of perfluorocyclobutyl aryl ether-based amphiphilic ABA triblock copolymer containing hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) segment as the middle block were synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). ATRP of 4-(4′-p-tolyloxyperfluorocyclobutoxy)benzyl methacrylate was initiated by PEG-based bifunctional macroinitiators with different molecular weights to obtain the desired copolymers with narrow molecular weight distributions (Mw/Mn ≤ 1.30) and the number of perfluorocyclobutyl linkage can be tuned by the feed ratio and the conversion of the fluorine-containing methacrylic monomer. The critical micelle concentrations of these amphiphilic ABA triblock copolymers in aqueous media were determined by fluorescence probe technique. They could aggregate to form spherical and cylindrical micelles visualized by TEM with varying the content of hydrophobic segment.  相似文献   

13.
Novel amphiphilic ethyl cellulose (EC) brush polymers with mono and dual side chains of poly(2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl methacrylate)-co-oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate) (P(MEO2MA-co-OEGMA)) and poly(2-(N,N-dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) were synthesized by the combination of atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and click chemistry. The molar ratio of P(MEO2MA-co-OEGMA) and PDMAEMA was varied through changing the feed ratio of these polymers and the coupling efficiency of click chemistry is relatively high. The brush polymers can self-assemble into spherical micelles/aggregates. The micelles/aggregates show the tunable temperature-pH responsive properties. The cloud points and the pH-triggered phase transition were influenced by EC chains and the ratio of P(MEO2MA-co-OEGMA) and PDMAEMA side chains. The brush polymers have the great potential applications as biomedical or intelligent materials.  相似文献   

14.
Copolymers of poly[2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate]–poly(butylene succinate)–poly[2‐(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PDMAEMA–PBS–PDMAEMA, PDBD) were synthesized through a chain‐extension reaction. The thermal properties characterized using differential scanning calorimetry showed that the introduction of PDMAEMA chains slightly decreased the melting temperature of PBS. The water contact angle of PDBD copolymer films with media of various pH decreased with a decrease of pH. This should be ascribed to the conformational transition of PDMAEMA blocks from a compact coil to an expanding shape in accordance with the variation of the pH of the surroundings. The results of dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscopy revealed that PDBD copolymers could form spherical micelles with small particle size and narrow particle size distribution. Furthermore, drug loading (loading content, ca 10%; encapsulation efficiency, ca 60%) and release experiments were conducted using doxorubicin as a hydrophobic model drug. The results of release experiments of copolymer nanomicelles showed that these micelles had pH‐responsive properties. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

15.
Softwood kraft lignin (SKL) pH-responsive hydrogels were prepared through controlled aggregation using poly[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] (PDMAEMA) and poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate)-block-poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate) triblock copolymer (PDMAEMA-co-PEO-co-PDMAEMA). At low SKL concentrations, the SKL/polymer (PDMAEMA and PDMAEMA-co-PEO-co-PDMAEMA) aqueous solutions exhibited pH-dependent aggregation arising from the formation of strong intermolecular hydrogen bonds. Decreasing the SKL/polymer weight ratio resulted in the pH-reversible soluble-insoluble (S-I) transition to become a soluble-insoluble-soluble (S-I-S) transition, which upon increasing the SKL concentration resulted in hydrogel formation. Under neutral conditions relatively strong hydrogels were formed, which upon either increasing or decreasing solution pH resulted in the hydrogels collapsing to liquid solutions, but were readily reformed upon neutralization. The effects of polymer structure, concentration, and intermolecular interactions on solution behavior and gelation are thoroughly discussed.  相似文献   

16.
This work focuses on the synthesis and self-assembly of biodegradable and anionic double hydrophilic diblock copolymers (DHBCs) poly(ethylethylene phosphate)-block-poly[2-(succinyloxy)ethyl methacrylate] (PEEP-b-PSEMA) with different molecular weights and compositions, which were prepared via a combination of ring opening polymerization (ROP), atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and polymer reaction. The chemical structures of these well-defined diblock copolymers were confirmed by 1H NMR and FT-IR analyses. GPC results indicated that the copolymers showed symmetric peak and relatively narrow polydispersities. Subsequently, pH-responsive micellization behaviors of PEEP-b-PSEMA diblock copolymers were investigated by fluorescence probe method, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements. The results demonstrated that these diblock copolymers were able to self-assemble into micelles with various sizes depending on the variation of pH values. Naproxen (NAP), a poorly water-soluble drug, was selected as the model drug and encapsulated into the core of micelles via dialysis method. The in vitro release behavior of NAP from these micelles was pH-dependent and could be accelerated in the presence of phosphodiesterase I which could promote the degradation of polyphosphoesters. Cytotoxicity tests by MTT assay showed that these block copolymers possessed favorable biocompatibility against HeLa cells, revealing that this kind of biodegradable, biocompatible and pH-responsive block copolymer would be served as a promising material for drug delivery.  相似文献   

17.
《Polymer》2007,48(1):139-149
A novel biodegradable triblock copolymer poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(l-lactide)-b-poly(l-lysine) (PEG–PLA–PLL) was synthesized by acidolysis of poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(l-lactide)-b-poly(ɛ-benzyloxycarbonyl-l-lysine) (PEG–PLA–PZLL) obtained by the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of ɛ-benzyloxycarbonyl-l-lysine N-carboxyanhydride (ZLys NCA) with amino-terminated PEG–PLA–NH2 as a macroinitiator, and the pendant amino groups of the lysine residues were modified with a peptide known to modulate cellular functions, Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Tyr (GRGDSY, abbreviated as RGD) in the presence of 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI). The structures of PEG–PLA–PLL/RGD and its precursors were confirmed by 1H NMR, FT-IR, amino acid analysis and XPS analysis. The cell adhesion and cell spread on the PEG–PLA–PLL/RGD film were enhanced compared to those on pure PLA film. Therefore, the novel RGD-grafted triblock copolymer is promising for cell or tissue engineering applications. Both copolymers PEG–PLA–PZLL and PEG–PLA–PLL showed an amphiphilic nature and could self-assemble into micelles of homogeneous spherical morphology. The micelles were determined by fluorescence technique, dynamic light scattering (DLS), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) and could be expected to find application in drug and gene delivery systems.  相似文献   

18.
Di Hu 《Polymer》2010,51(25):6047-5707
In this work, we investigated the self-assembly behavior of poly(?-caprolactone)-block-poly(ethylene-co-ethylethylene)-block-poly(?-caprolactone) (PCL-b-PEEE-b-PCL) triblock copolymer in epoxy thermosets. The PCL-b-PEEE-b-PCL triblock copolymer was synthesized via the ring-opening polymerization of ?-caprolactone with a hydroxyl-terminated poly(ethylene-co-ethylethylene) as the macromolecular initiator. The hydroxyl-terminated poly(ethylene-co-ethylethylene) was prepared with the hydrogenation reaction of a hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene. The triblock copolymer was incorporated into the precursors of epoxy to obtain the nanostructured thermosets. It was found that the self-organized nanophases were formed in the mixture before curing reaction and the nanostructures can be further fixed via curing reaction. The self-assembly behavior of the triblock copolymer in epoxy thermosets was investigated by means of atomic force microscopy (AFM), small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) shows that the formation of the self-organized nanophase in the thermosets caused that a part of poly(?-caprolactone) subchains were demixed from epoxy matrix with the occurrence of curing reaction; the fractions of demixed PCL blocks were estimated according to the Tg-composition relation of the model binary blends of epoxy and PCL.  相似文献   

19.
Chang-Hong Ho  Yu-Der Lee 《Polymer》2010,51(7):1639-1647
This investigation characterizes the molten morphologies following isothermal crystallization of poly(l-lactide-block-dimethyl siloxane-block-l-lactide) triblock copolymers, which were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of l-lactide using hydroxyl-telechelic PDMS as macroinitiators, via small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The break-out and preservation of the nanostructure of the triblock copolymer depended on the segregation strength, which was manipulated by varying the degree of polymerization. The crystallization kinetics of these semicrystalline copolymers and the effect of isothermal crystallization on their melting behaviors were also studied using DSC, FT-IR and WAXS. The exclusive presence of α-phase PLLA crystallite was verified by identifying the absence of the WAXS diffraction signal at 2θ = 24.5° and the presence of IR absorption at 1749 cm−1 when the PLLA segment of the block copolymers was present as a minor component. The dependence of the crystallization rate (Rc) on the chemical composition of the triblock copolymers reveals that the Rc of the triblock copolymers was lower than that of PLLA homopolymer and the Rc were substantially reduced when the minor component of the crystallizable PLLA domains was dispersed in the PDMS matrix.  相似文献   

20.
Ning Kang  Jean-Christophe Leroux   《Polymer》2004,45(26):8967-8980
Novel A-B-A triblock and star-block amphiphilic copolymers, i.e. poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide)-block-poly(D,L-lactide)-block-poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl)metha-crylamide), poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone)-block-poly(D,L-lactide)-block-poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone), star-poly(D,L-lactide)-block-poly(N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide) and star-poly(D,L-lactide)-block-poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone), were synthesized and characterized. These polymers were prepared by free radical polymerization of N-(2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide and N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone in the presence of either poly(D,L-lactide) dithiol or star-poly(D,L-lactide) tetrakis-thiol, both biodegradable macromolecular chain-transferring agents. All copolymers self-assembled in aqueous solution to form supramolecular aggregates of 20–180 nm in size. The critical aggregation concentration of the copolymers ranged from 5 to 24 mg/L, depending on their hydrophobicity. The partition equilibrium constant of pyrene in the hydrophobic core of micelles was between 0.71×105 and 1.63×105. The triblock copolymer micelles were loaded with two model poorly water-soluble drugs, namely, indomethacin (1.5–16.4% w/w) and paclitaxel (0.4–1.5% w/w), by a dialysis procedure. These triblock and star-block copolymers could prove useful as nanocarriers for the solubilization and delivery of hydrophobic drugs.  相似文献   

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