以贝部为例试比较宋本《玉篇》与《说文解字》之体例

宋本《玉篇》作为《说文解字》的继承之作,经过历史的打磨和洗涤,对《说文》有了颇多继承和发展,尽管如此,二者在体例上仍然有很大的差别,本文欲通过对两部书中贝部字的比较分析,浅谈《玉篇》《说文》二者在体例上的诸多不同。     

读《中国文物古迹保护准则》和《曲阜宣言》之浅见

文章通过分析《中国文物古迹保护准则》与《曲阜宣言》的产生背景与文化取向,力图解读二者在中国文物建筑维修工作中不同的侧重。     

李渔《闲情偶寄》与亚里士多德《论诗》比较

李渔《闲情偶寄》与亚里士多德《论诗》分别是中西方戏剧理论的代表著作,二者既有共性,也有差异。主要表现在四个方面:戏剧的写作目的、大戏剧观的形成、戏剧选材和戏剧结构。通过比较,可深入了解中西方戏剧理论的异同,并从中吸取经验,指导当今的戏剧创作。     

《心》和《药》的对比

夏目漱石(1867¹916)和鲁迅(18811916)和鲁迅(1881¹936)都是近代伟大的作家。在文学方面,夏目漱石和鲁迅的关系很微妙。两人有着相似的社会背景,分别经历了明治维新和五四运动。在这样的背景下,两者作为人文批判型作家,内心深处颇感受挫。因此,两人一定会描写出人类最本质的东西。众所周知,夏目漱石和鲁迅有很多作品。在思想文学方面谈到位于近代日本文学顶峰的夏目漱石和中国最具代表性的学者鲁迅时,从二者的传记来看,了解二者之间存在的关系是必不可缺的工作。于是,在此,我想以两人的代表作品《心》和《药》为中心对二者进行研究。     

男权话语下的女性自我认知——《玩偶之家》和《伤逝》的比较研究

本文分析了《玩偶之家》和《伤逝》的男权话语特征,从叙述学角度比较二者的男权话语特征的不同,由此产生的女性的自我认知的相异性,并指出产生这种差异的根源在于两者产生于不同的社会文化、历史背景。     

《隋书·经籍志》史部浅析

《隋书·经籍志》史部在史部目录的演进过程中有着重要的地位。《隋书·经籍志》史部的形成借鉴了之前的史书分类标准而形成的。《隋书·经籍志》史部与刘知幾《史通》对史书分类存在着较多相异之处,反映了二者不同的史书分类标准。     

《诗经》与《庄子》中“鸟”意象之比较

先秦时代,人与自然联系紧密,《诗经》与《庄子》中均有关于鸟类的大量记述。"鸟"之意象,对《诗经》和《庄子》的艺术表现都起到了重要作用。但比较二者艺术风貌,《诗经》与《庄子》中的鸟类意象也大有不同,总体来讲,主要体现为以下几个方面:从内在意蕴上看,《诗经》中的鸟多被寄托情感,《庄子》中的鸟多寓意思想;从创作方法上看,《诗经》中的鸟多为客观描写,《庄子》中的鸟多为主观虚构;从功能作用上看,《诗经》中的鸟多是情感媒介,作比起兴,《庄子》中的鸟多是说理工具,论道明意。     

中西方电影中女性主义比较探析——以《时时刻刻》和《茉莉花开》为例

本文以中国电影《茉莉花开》与美国电影《时时刻刻》这两部表现了女性主义内容的电影为例,首先总结二者在电影主角、电影象征符号运用方面的相同点,其次对两部电影在叙事结构、影像语言、理论基础方面的不同点进行深入分析,最后结合女性主义的起源与发展,探讨了电影中表现出来的中西方女性主义差异的原因。     

《汉宫春晓图》与《桐荫仕女图》之比较

明代仇英的《汉宫春晓图》与康熙年间焦秉贞的《桐荫仕女图》虽然在手法和意趣上都存在很大不同,但两幅画在主题与构图方面存在相似之处,二者同属于仕女画,都反映了建筑背景下的女性活动,因此具有一定的可比性。笔者从女性形象的刻画、绘画媒材的选择、透视手法的运用等方面入手,分析在西方绘画传入中国后,中国画所受西画之影响。     

浅析《岳阳楼记》和《醉翁亭记》内容主题的异同

《岳阳楼记》是北宋著名政治家、文学家、词人、诗人范仲淹的名作;《醉翁亭记》是"唐宋八大家"之一、北宋著名政治家、文学家、诗人欧阳修的名作。范仲淹遭贬后,受同时遭贬的好友滕子京之邀,为重修岳阳楼作记,表达出效法古仁人"不以物喜、不以己悲"的旷达胸襟和"先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐"的政治抱负,激励好友并勉励自己要以天下为己任,树立崇高的理想,拥有宽阔的胸怀。欧阳修遭贬后却不计个人得失,实行"宽简而不扰"的政风,使滁州百姓安居乐业,《醉翁亭记》正是作者"与民同乐"的亲民情怀的表达和流露。从表面看,二者主题不同,情怀各异,实则内容主题有很多相同之处。     

中国绿道规划建设实践——从提级统筹到制度并轨

绿道在中国经过多年实践发展,在理论内涵、规划选线、综合效益等各方面都已有许多成果支撑.基于可公开获取的一系列文献资料,立足于绿道在中国各省市近20年的具体实践过程,梳理绿道在规划体系中的角色转变、在指标设置中的逐步细化和在管控上的落实方式,总结绿道实践在中国从提级统筹、常态认同到制度并轨3个阶段的发展变化,在展望绿道后...     

城外造景：清末广州景园营造与岭南 园林的近代转型

清末广州中西交汇,景园营造新旧共存互动,推 动岭南园林的近代转型。其中,在繁荣的中西贸易和文化交 流,以及书院文化、士绅文化等的影响下,清末岭南形成了 以广州为中心、十三行行商为代表、官商士绅竞相造园的特 殊历史时期,其造园数量、规模、意匠等均在该时期达到岭 南古典园林发展的巅峰。这一时期也是岭南园林近代转型的 关键时期。在西方文化和清末洋务运动思想的影响下,广州 开始出现洋务花园、公园、市政绿化,以及校园绿地等新型 园林形式。这些具有公共性质的城市景致与新建私园一道广 泛分布在城墙以外,成为清末广州城市空间拓展与风景体系 形成的重要参与者。由于清末广州城外造景的繁荣,从时间 上开启了岭南园林的近代转型,在空间上使岭南园林的地域 性特征得以形成和辨识,其空间性与时间性界定了清末岭南 园林近代转型的物质及文化维度。梳理了清末广州具有代表 性的景园营造活动,在分析其动力机制的同时,探讨城外造 景之于岭南园林近代转型的意义。     

探究“虚实”空间关系，创造个性化的城市空间场所

作者利用空间的“虚、实”概念,结合格斯塔心理学的“图底”关系,类比分析中国水墨画的留白艺术手法及生态系统中的细胞繁衍规律,通过张家界城市绿化广场周边地段的概念设计的创作实践,提出创造个性化的城市空间场所工作中虚实空间的理念与原则目标。     

Alteration of arsenopyrite in soils under different vegetation covers

The weathering of arsenopyrite (FeAsS) has been monitored in soils using an in situ experimental approach. Arsenopyrite in nylon experimental bags was placed in individual horizons in soils in spruce (litter, horizons A, B, and C), beech (litter, horizons A, B, and C) and unforested (horizons A, B, and C) areas and left in contact with the soil for a period of 1 year. The individual areas on the ridge of the Krušné hory Mts., Czech Republic, had the same lithology, climatic and environmental conditions. Scorodite (FeAsO₄·2H₂O) was identified as a principal secondary mineral of arsenic (As) formed directly on the surface of the arsenopyrite. Scorodite was formed in all the areas in all soil horizons. The amount of scorodite formed decreased in the series beech, spruce and unforested areas. In forested areas, there was a larger amount of scorodite on arsenopyrites exposed in organic horizons (litter, A horizon). The greater rate of arsenopyrite alteration in organic horizons in the beech stand compared to spruce stand is probably a result of faster mineralization of organic material with resulting production of nitrate and better seepage conditions of soil in this area. Speciation of As determined using the sequential extraction technique demonstrated that As was bonded in the soils primarily in the residual fractions prior to the experiment. The As content in the mobile fractions increased in the organic horizon in the forested areas after the experiments.     

Cell phones for the spirits: ancestor worship and ritual economies in vietnam and its diasporas

Religion has been thriving in the Socialist Republic of Vietnam since ??i m?i, the onset of market reforms in the late 1980s. Votive paper offerings, part of spiritual and economic well-being, play a crucial role in performing religious practices in the socialist country as well as among diasporic Vietnamese. In urban Hanoi, material objects made from paper are traded in marketplaces and later burned in the streets, in temples and pagodas, in private yards and other places on special occasions in order to be transmitted to the ancestors. In the past few years, the range of votive paper offerings produced, traded, and sent to the deceased has expanded to include new forms and references to new media. Drawing on recent debates in the role of media in religion and in particular on technologies of mediation, I focus on the use of votive paper offerings in the sociocultural context of the Vietnamese spirit world. I explore how new media and media technologies are embedded in multilayered processes of mediation in Vietnam and its diasporas. Taking religious practices of burning votive paper offerings as an ethnographic example, this essay aims to contribute to ongoing debates on popular religion and the sacred life of material goods in late socialist Vietnam, on its transnational ties, and on the entanglements between religion, media and materiality.     

化学溶液和干湿循环作用下砂岩抗剪强度劣化试验及化学热力学分析

 为研究化学溶液和干湿循环共同作用下砂岩抗剪强度的劣化机制,在不同pH环境下,通过不同干湿循环次数后的单轴、三轴试验,计算出砂岩的黏聚力和内摩擦角,同时得到其与循环次数的关系式,进而获得砂岩在浸泡环境下抗剪强度随干湿循环次数的变化公式。根据砂岩的组成矿物及其百分含量,得到各种主要组成矿物在中性、碱性、酸性溶液中溶解的化学反应方程式,利用化学热力学的基本原理,确定各主要矿物在中性、碱性、酸性溶液浸泡下能否稳定。为了验证分析的正确性,对浸泡溶液中的部分离子(Ca2+,SiO2,Na+,K+)浓度进行测试。结果表明,酸性环境下,砂岩抗剪强度劣化最为严重,碱性次之,中性最轻。在酸性环境中,对抗剪强度影响较大的胶结物主要组成成分(长石、方解石)的性质不稳定,溶解反应能自发进行,而碱性环境中,对强度影响较小的骨料主要组成成分(石英)的性质不稳定,溶解反应能自发进行。酸性浸泡液中,方解石、钾长石、钠长石溶解出的Ca2+,K+,Na+的浓度明显高于中性和碱性液中Ca2+,Na+,K+的浓度,而碱性溶液中,石英溶解出的SiO2的浓度明显高于中性和酸性液中SiO2的浓度,与热力学分析结果一致。     

Health assessment of artisanal gold miners in Indonesia

Small scale miners use mercury to extract gold from ore in many countries. An environmental and health assessment was performed in Indonesia in two regions, Galangan in Central Kalimantan and Talawaan in Northern Sulawesi. The environmental assessment showed severe mercury contamination of the sediments, and increased mercury levels in local fish. For the health investigation 281 volunteers were recruited and examined by a standardized questionnaire, a neurological examination and neuro-psychological tests. A medical score was used consisting of significant factors of mercury intoxication. Mercury exposed workers showed typical symptoms of mercury intoxication, such as movement disorders (ataxia, tremor, dysdiadochokinesia, etc.). Blood, urine and hair samples were taken from any participant and analyzed for mercury. The mercury concentration in the biomonitors was high, partly extreme high in the working population, increased in the population living in the same habitat and low in the control group. By a standard protocol which includes a combination of threshold values of mercury in the biomonitors and a medical sum score the diagnosis of chronic mercury intoxication was made for highly burdened workers (amalgam smelters) in 55% in Sulawesi and in 62% in Kalimantan. Less exposed mineral processors and the general population in the mining areas were also intoxicated to a high percentage.     

冬季空调不加湿对室内参数的影响

基于质量守恒方程导出了冬季空调系统不加湿时房间内的含湿量计算式,综合考虑影响室内含湿量的主要因素,得出冬季空调可以不加湿时应满足的条件,考察了中国典型气候区代表性空调房间冬季空调不加湿时室内相对湿度能否满足设计要求。研究表明:中国各地区的商场,夏热冬冷地区的餐厅及三星级及以下酒店多功能厅,夏热冬暖地区的影剧院、办公室、酒店客房及多功能厅、餐厅,温和地区的办公室、三星级及以下酒店客房、酒店多功能厅及餐厅空调系统不加湿即可达到设计湿度要求;严寒地区及寒冷地区的影剧院、办公室、酒店客房、酒店多功能厅及餐厅,夏热冬冷地区的影剧院、办公室、酒店客房、四星级及以上酒店多功能厅以及温和地区的影剧院、四星级及以上酒店客房等房间的空调系统必须加湿才能达到设计要求。     

建筑装饰之我见——建筑外形式的装饰艺术

建筑是一部人类文明史,建筑装饰艺术是其中最精美的语言,它记载着科学技术的发展和文化艺术的进步,它描绘出风土人情与时代风尚。本文主要论述了建筑外形式装饰艺术的涵义及设计要点,对建筑装饰艺术的形态构成、造型与装饰、装饰的视觉效应以及建筑外形式装饰艺术的个性和设计中应注意处理好的关系进行了讨论。     

Rooted in the home garden and in the nation's landscape: Women and the emerging Hebrew garden in Palestine

In the early 20th century, the Hebrew women in Palestine found the fulfillment of their economic, social, and emotional needs in gardening. Their gardens were women's means of shaping their surroundings, mainly in the family sphere but also in the community sphere (school and kindergarten gardens, kibbutz gardens). The project was an outcome of the shared interests of pioneer women, city dwellers, and Jewish women's organizations, which differed in their social status and life goals, yet shared a common fertile ground. Through the investigation of primary and secondary sources that deal with women, gardens and the history of the Zionist settlement in Palestine, this paper argues that planting gardens was the Hebrew women's modest way of creating a 'space of their own', where they nurtured and fostered beauty, productivity, self-esteem, mutual help and friendship, while overcoming class distinction. Meanwhile, in planting gardens, women gained a share in the Zionist nation-building project, which was primarily male dominated.