Dwelling time probability density distribution of instances in a workflow model

This paper presents a method to judge whether a business process is successful or not. A business process is deemed successful if a large enough proportion of instances dwell in a workflow (wait and be executed) for less than given period. By analyzing instances’ dwelling time distribution in a workflow, the proportion of instances which dwell in the workflow for less than any given period will be achieved. The performance analysis of workflow model plays an important role in the research of workflow techniques and efficient implementation of workflow management. It includes the analysis of instances’ dwelling time distribution in a workflow process. Multidimensional workflow net (MWF-net) includes multiple timing workflow nets (TWF-nets) and the organization and resource information. The processes of transaction instances form a queuing model in which the transaction instances act as customers and the resources act as servers. The key contribution of this paper is twofold. First, this paper presents a theoretical method to calculate the instances’ dwelling time probability density in a workflow where the activities are structured and predictable. Second, by this method the analysis of instances’ dwelling time distribution and satisfactory degree based on dwelling time can be achieved. The service time of an instance is specified by the firing delay of the corresponding transition (executing time of the corresponding activity). It is assumed that the service request (processing of a transaction instance) arrives with exponentially distributed inter-arrival times and the firing delay of a transition (executing time of the corresponding activity) follows exponential distribution. Then, the instances’ dwelling time probability density analysis in each activity and each control structure of a workflow model is performed. According to the above results a method is proposed for computing the instances’ dwelling time probability density in a workflow model. Finally an example is used to show that the proposed method can be effectively utilized in practice.     

基于Petri网的工作流过程模型及资源分布分析

针对工作流系统的特点对时延Petri网模型进行扩展,提出了一种新的工作流建模方法,即扩展时延Petri网。给出了扩展时延Petri网的定义,并用该方法分析了工作流四种基本模型;给出了利用排队论和随机Petri网理论计算工作流模型时间性能指标的新方法,用这种方法可求得与实例到达率相关的工作流模型平均完成时间。最后应用上述方法讨论了工作流资源分布的几种模式,并与模拟结果加以对比,计算结果的最大误差在3%左右,说明基于扩展时延Petri网的方法是分析工作流系统时间性能的有效方法。     

基于Petri网仿真的随机制造单元性能分析研究

分析了传统随机制造单元Petri网模型能的不足, 对传统随机制造单元的Petri网模型进行了改进。通过对Petri模型的直接仿真, 对不同的Petri网模型的随机制造单元的性能指标进行了分析比较, 并通过和同构的马尔可夫链的计算结果进行验证, 证明了改进后的Petri网模型准确地描述随机制造单元, 对基于仿真的性能分析方法具有普遍意义。     

基于过程挖掘的工作流性能分析

介绍了工作流性能的分析基础和概念。针对复杂和具有非确定性的业务流程,通过基于 工作流日志的工作流过程挖掘算法,得到反映系统基本性能的工作流性能分析网。并应用到具有动 态、模糊控制流程的工作流系统的性能分析中。     

时间Petri网等效变换的工作流评价

时间性能分析是工作流模型分析和评价的重要方面.首先介绍了业务过程的一般Petri网模型,然后引入时间Petri网建立工作流网的时间约束模型.提出了保持网时间约束特性不变的网变换规则和时间性能计算方法,对工作流网进行化简及时间性能计算,并给出了相应的算法.最后通过一个实例说明本方法的应用过程.     

加权的时间Petri网工作流模型研究

时间性能分析是工作流模型分析和评价的重要方面。介绍了Petri网和工作流网的基本概念,提出了加权时间扩展工作流网,对加权时间扩展工作流网的基本组件进行了时间分析,给出了平均时间的计算方法。通过网上订购商品和生产车间工作流模型,利用基本组件的时间性能分析方法,对这两个工作流模型进行了时间性能分析。     

基于实测模型的通信铁塔抗震性能仿真分析

针对目前通信铁塔抗震性能仿真分析结果存在较大误差的问题,提出基于实测模型进行仿真分析的方法.通过现场测试得到铁塔的动态参数,依据测得的动态参数对建成的有限元模型进行修正,使其能更加准确地反映铁塔的动力特性.依据相关标准,选用人工合成地震波和2条真实地震波对铁塔模型进行抗震性能分析.结果表明铁塔的响应位移和应力均小于标准要求值,满足抗震要求.     

基于Petri网的电子政务工作流模型研究

设计了一种基于Petri网扩展的、用于复杂工作流模型设计的建模方法及其相关规则。并且通过电子政务系统的网上审批子系统为例,详细阐述了用此方法及其相关规则构建Petri网工作流模型的过程。最后通过Petri网理论对模型进行了正确合理性分析,并对网上审批子系统的资源分配情况进行了定量分析。此建模方法简化了Petri网的建模过程,并保证了正确性和合理性资源分配的分析结果对合理的进行资源分配有指导作用。     

基于GERT网络的工作流动态调整引擎的设计与实现

为了解决工作流业务执行过程中的随机性,提出了基于GERT网络的工作流动态调整引擎的设计方法。介绍了海基数据管理系统和信号流图,探讨了GERT网络解析算法原理,针对发文处理流程,通过海基数据管理系统有效地跟踪发文流程的执行,建立了GERT网络模型进行了求解得到流程执行过程中耗时的范围,最后根据结果由系统管理员设置干预时间来实时的监控和管理工作流。按照实际运行时流程状态重新设计或修改流程定义,实验结果表明了该设计可以有效提高了业务流程的柔性、动态扩展和自动化程度。     

基于Petri网理论的FC-AE-ASM建模与性能分析*

以确定与随机Petri网为工具,基于周期消息,对光纤通道在航空电子环境的FC-AE-ASM（fiber channel anonymous subscriber messaging）网络进行建模仿真,根据仿真计算出FC-AE-ASM网络负载和系统的延迟时间两个重要的性能指标,通过对两个指标的性能曲线进行分析,有助于进一步理解航电系统事件消息在FC-AE-ASM网络中的传输机制,为综合航电系统的设计和完善提供重要的理论依据。     

基于多维独立成分分析的数值仿真与分析

通过引入一个用于评价多维独立成分分析(MICA)算法性能的指标,进行数值仿真来研究其分离性。将多维Amari分离误差作为度量多维独立成分分析算法性能的一个重要指标,在比较分析研究vkMICA、cfMICA、MSOBI、SJADE等四个算法的分离性能的基础上,使用随机分布生成的字母信号进行仿真与测试,直观地显示了MICA模型的分离效果和不确定性。研究结果显示,MICA是一种非常有效的进行多维源信号分析的方法。     

基于Petri网的建设工程项目实施阶段工作流建模与仿真

构建一个能够准确表达实施过程系统性、动态性和不确定性的工作流模型是实现建设工程项目实施阶段工作流管理与控制的有效途径。在对建设工程项目实施阶段工作流模型特点分析及工作流概念模型构建的基础上,基于分层赋时着色Petri网构建建设工程项目实施阶段工作流模型。通过运行该工作流模型,能够获得实施阶段的信息流、资源流、异常处理、持续时间等抽象内容,不仅为实现建设项目实施阶段的工作流管理与控制提供有力的方法支持,同时也是Petri网建模技术在建设工程领域中的应用拓广。借助CPN Tools仿真平台,以一般工业与民用建筑的实施阶段为例进行工作流模型的构建与仿真,验证了基于分层赋时着色Petri网构建建设工程项目实施阶段工作流模型的正确性和有效性。     

一种基于Petri网的审批业务工作流模型

在给出审批业务形式化定义的基础上,针对审批动态行为过程提出了一个形式化模型EABWF net。与传统的面向过程的建模方式不同,该模型以审批角色为中心,以消息为流转机制,以规则为流程控制逻辑。该模型克服了传统建模方式在审批业务工作流建模中缺乏流程柔性和系统灵活性的缺点,能更加直观、清晰地描述审批业务。     

A clustering method based on multidimensional texture analysis

Considering the analogy between image segmentation and cluster analysis, the aim of this paper is to adapt statistical texture measures to describe the spatial distribution of multidimensional observations. The main idea is to consider the cluster cores as domains characterized by their specific textures in the data space. The distribution of the data points is first described as a multidimensional histogram defined on a multidimensional regular array of sampling points. In order to evaluate locally a multidimensional texture, a co-occurrence matrix is introduced, which characterizes the local distribution of the data points in the multidimensional data space. Several local texture features can be computed from this co-occurrence matrix, which accumulates spatial and statistical information on the data distribution in the neighborhoods of the sampling points. Texture features are selected according to their ability to discriminate different distributions of data points. The sampling points where the local underlying texture is evaluated are categorized into different texture classes. The points assigned to these classes tend to form connected components in the data space, which are considered as the cores of the clusters.     

基于Fisher 判别分析的过程运行状态在线评价

为了实时掌握生产过程运行状态, 提出一种基于Fisher 判别分析(FDA) 的过程运行状态在线评价方法. 提出 离线数据分类与识别算法, 以识别不同稳定运行状态的建模数据及其对应的状态等级; 利用FDA提取各个稳定运行 状态的特征属性, 建立评价模型; 在线评价时, 通过“时间窗口”数据特征与各个状态等级的相似度, 实时评价过程运行状态. 将所提出的方法应用于某湿法冶金过程的仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性.

     

一种基于改进Petri网的工作流案件分布式处理系统模型

针对现有的案件处理系统功能单一、效率低、缺乏并行处理和协调优化能力,无法满足现代案件处理需求的问题,基于改进Petri网的工作流技术,解析案件处理特征,对案件处理系统动态过程进行规划、调度和调整,在建模过程中引入Petri网分布式处理框架和工作流的路由结构、触发机制,建立了一种改进Petri的网工作流案件分布式处理系统模型,并对模型进行定义化描述和合理性验证,为司法部门案件处理提供高效、安全、可靠的平台。     

基于彩色Petri网的工作流权限管理的建模与分析

在一个组织中,权限管理是个非常复杂而又重要的任务。为确保组织的业务过程中各项任务只能被合法的用户所执行,建立授权模型并验证权限分配的正确性是十分必要的。彩色Petri网具有比Petri网更强的表达能力,可以用来建立一个完整的权限管理模型,不仅包含权限管理,还包含安全约束如SoD（职责分离）以及角色层次关系结构（role hierarchy）等概念。使用Petri网建模的一个优势是它建立在坚实的数学基础之上,并且得到了许多分析验证技术和工具的支持,如使用线性代数技术分析授权状态的可达性。     

A global localization approach based on Line-segment Relation Matching technique

This paper presents a novel global localization approach for mobile robots by exploring line-segment features in any structured environment. The main contribution of this paper is an effective data association approach, the Line-segment Relation Matching (LRM) technique, which is based on a generation and exploration of an Interpretation Tree (IT). A new representation of geometric patterns of line-segments is proposed for the first time, which is called as Relation Table. It contains relative geometric positions of every line-segment respect to the others (or itself) in a coordinate-frame independent sense. Based on that, a Relation-Table-constraint is applied to minimize the searching space of IT therefore greatly reducing the processing time of LRM. The Least Square algorithm is further applied to estimate the robot pose using matched line-segment pairs. Then a global localization system can be realized based on our LRM technique integrated with a hypothesis tracking framework which is able to handle pose ambiguity. Sufficient simulations were specially designed and carried out indicating both pluses and minuses of our system compared with former methods. We also presented the practical experiments illustrating that our approach has a high robustness against uncertainties from sensor occlusions and extraneous observation in a highly dynamic environment. Additionally our system was demonstrated to easily deal with initialization and have the ability of quick recovery from a localization failure.     

A virtual metrology model based on recursive canonical variate analysis with applications to sputtering process

In data driven process monitoring, soft-sensor, or virtual metrology (VM) model is often employed to predict product's quality variables using sensor variables of the manufacturing process. Partial least squares (PLS) are commonly used to achieve this purpose. However, PLS seeks the direction of maximum co-variation between process variables and quality variables. Hence, a PLS model may include the directions representing variations in the process sensor variables that are irrelevant to predicting quality variables. In this case, when direction of sensor variables’ variations most influential to quality variables is nearly orthogonal to direction of largest process variations, a PLS model will lack generalization capability. In contrast to PLS, canonical variate analysis (CVA) identifies a set of basis vector pairs which would maximize the correlation between input and output. Thus, it may uncover complex relationships that reflect the structure between quality variables and process sensor variables. In this work, an adaptive VM based on recursive CVA (RCVA) is proposed. Case study on a numerical example demonstrates the capability of CVA-based VM model compared to PLS-based VM model. Superiority of the proposed model is also presented when it applied to an industrial sputtering process.     

基于HLA的实时仿真方法的研究与测试

实时性是某些仿真系统的重要性能指标.分析了运行支撑环境(RTI)消息基本流程及高层体系结构(HLA)时间管理服务对仿真实时性的影响,提出采用"多步推进+墙钟控制"的时间推进方式来实现实时仿真,并设计了一种测试RTI实时性的试验方案,以及用该试验测试了MAKRTI2.3.3在两种传输服务下的实时性,仿真结果表明,在高速局域网下,采用多步推进的时间推进方式能有效提高仿真实时性,基本上达到大多数半实物仿真系统的实时要求.