PVC—U管材承插口缺陷及其解决办法

分析了ＰＶＣ－Ｕ管材扩口的工艺条件,从扩口工艺条件及挤出工艺条件、配方、原料方面,介绍了ＰＶＣ０Ｕ管材承插口缺陷的解决办法。     

橡胶防焦剂CTP的合成

讨论了以环己醇为原料,以120^#汽油为溶剂,用酞酰亚胺与氢氧化钠生成亚胺钠的方法合成橡胶防焦剂CTP的工艺过程及工艺条件。研究了通氯量、通氯速率、原料配比等工艺条件对反应的影响,确定了生产的最佳工艺条件,提高了产品的质量。     

氧化铅锌矿制活性氧化锌湿法工艺及其反应条件研究

对氧化铅锌矿制活性氧化锌湿法工艺进行了研究 ,包括酸浸工艺条件的优化、锌液净化条件、碱锌合成沉淀剂的选择及其反应条件。该工艺浸出率达 97%以上 ,锌总回收率达 92 %以上 ,并可实现铅锌分离     

全亚硝化工艺条件控制研究进展

全亚硝化工艺运行成本低,脱氮便捷,具有广阔的发展前景,该工艺的条件控制研究备受关注。本文综述了全亚硝化工艺控制条件如游离氨、温度、p H、DO、污泥龄及水力停留时间等对全亚硝化工艺的影响,并对该工艺提出了展望。     

聚丙烯酰胺振动流化床干燥工艺条件探讨

讨论了聚丙烯酰胺振动流化床干燥法的最佳工艺条件。根据振动流化床干燥工艺的特点,结合生产经验,探讨了进料形式、床层温度、进风条件、振动频率及停留时间等条件的选择。最后提出了延长停留时间的方法,并探讨了进料方式等工艺中的难点。     

矿物填料改性工艺研究

通过偶联剂用量、改性温度、时间、搅拌速度等工艺条件试验,评价了矿物填料改性效果,优化了改性工艺条件。     

ABS注射成型收缩率的研究

采用ASTMD955—89标准测定了ABS塑料在不同工艺条件下注射模塑的成型收缩率,得出了ABS塑料的成型收缩率随工艺条件的变化规律,为制订合理的工艺条件、进行正确的工艺控制和模具设计,从而生产出合格尺寸的产品提供了重要依据。     

精品肝素钠的制备研究

肝素钠粗品采用一次盐解、一次氧化工艺进行精制,探讨了工艺条件对肝素钠效价的影响。结果表明,最佳精制工艺条件为:盐解质量浓度2%,过氧化氢体积分数为3%,氧化时间为12 h。在最佳工艺条件下,肝素钠的效价可达160.25 IU/mg。     

氨基安替比林生产工艺条件的优选

氨基安替比林是用硫酸、安替比林为原料,经亚硝化、还原、水解、中和而制得。在反应过程中,合适的反应时间、原料配比等工艺条件,对提高产品收率,降低原料消耗及提高生产效率影响很大。为了寻找适宜的工艺条件,我们采用优选法对各部分工艺条件进行了优选,找到了较好的条件,初步取得了成效。     

正交试验法优选藤黄酸超声提取工艺

目的采用超声法提取藤黄中藤黄酸的提取工艺条件。方法采用紫外分光光度法测定藤黄酸含量,以超声温度、超声时间、超声功率为考察因素优选提取工艺条件。结果最佳超声提取工艺条件为3倍量乙酸乙酯在70℃温度下,超声功率300 W提取1 h。结论优化后的提取工艺合理、可行。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。