LD侧面抽运全固态Nd:YAG紫外激光器的研究

为了使侧面抽运全固态355nm紫外激光器输出高质量光束的紫外激光,采用腔内光束传输矩阵模拟的方法,进行了谐振腔优化和腔内倍频和频结构设计。通过理论分析和实验验证,取得了输入电功率为280W、声光调制频率为40kHz时,355nm紫外激光的输出功率为10.58W、激光脉冲宽度20ns、光束质量因子M2=1.3的数据。结果表明,侧面抽运腔内倍频与和频可实现近基模高功率紫外激光的输出。这一结果对紫外激光器的工程化有一定指导意义。     

利用内腔变形反射镜补偿激光器畸变的研究

固体激光器中,增益介质由于热沉积产生的热畸变严重影响了激光器的稳定性和输出功率以及光束质量。为了补偿激光器腔内畸变,采用了一种利用变形反射镜作为内腔反射镜的方法,运用静电力作用于变形薄膜反射镜,来改变谐振腔的结构。从外部引入一束参考光通过激光腔,利用波前探测器可测得腔内畸变对参考光的影响,并利用变形反射镜校正此畸变。实验结果表明,该方法能对腔内畸变进行有效的补偿,提高激光器的输出功率及光束质量。     

主振-功放系统SBS位相共轭技术研究

利用单池与双池位相共轭池,对SBS位相共轭特性进行了研究,实现MOPA激光系统SBS位相共轭高反射率、高保真度、大能量高光束质量激光输出,为高功率激光器的发展提供了有效技术途径。     

双端抽运腔内和频紫外激光器的实验研究

为了获得高功率全固态355nm紫外激光器,采用平平腔结构,通过LD双端抽运Nd:YVO4晶体,在声光Q开关调制作用下产生1064nm脉冲基频光,利用两块LBO晶体分别进行腔内倍频、和频产生355nm紫外激光。在LD抽运功率54W、调制频率40kHz的条件下,获得紫外的最高输出功率为6.67W,脉冲宽度为20ns, M2=1.1。结果表明,腔内和频可得到高效率、高光束质量的紫外激光输出。     

百微米芯径光纤激光器及其模式控制技术研究

研究了阶跃折射率分布的百微米芯径双包层光纤激光器的输出特性及其模式控制技术.理论上对光纤缠绕法模式控制技术应用于百微米芯径光纤激光器的可行性进行了分析.实验中,采用腔内小孔法对百微米芯径光纤激光器的输出激光模式进行控制,研究了不同孔径对输出激光光束质量的影响.在腔内不加小孔时输出激光x,y方向的光束质量因子M2分别为4.67和4.60,在腔内加入直径为2 mm的/JqL后,x,y方向的光束质量因子M2分别为1.96和2.01,腔内小孔对输出激光的光束质量有明显的改善.     

高效率高功率全固态紫外激光器

报道了采用大功率国产光纤束模块端面抽运Nd∶YVO4激光晶体的腔外三倍频紫外激光器,用声光调Q技术实现了高功率高光束质量基频光输出。采用LBOⅠ类相位匹配和LBOⅡ类相位匹配的腔外倍频方法,并利用凹面反射镜的方式进行聚焦,避免了1064nm和532nm激光聚焦时由于波长的不同而产生的色差效应,有效地提高了三倍频的倍频效率。最终在注入抽运光功率为23.3W,声光调Q激光器的调制频率为20kHz的工作条件下,基频光输出功率为7.28W时,得到紫外激光输出功率为1.86W,1064nm基频光到355nm紫外激光的光-光转换效率为25.5%,此外,对紫外激光光束质量的测试表明,该紫外激光器具有高功率输出的同时仍有很好的光束质量。     

无热退偏损耗Nd∶YAG环形腔单纵模激光器

在Nd∶YAG侧面泵浦四镜环形腔单纵模激光器内,采用薄膜偏振片反射光束作为输出光束,以消除环形腔内热退偏损耗,提高输出功率及效率。实验表明,该Nd∶YAG环形腔可单向运转并输出单纵模激光,环形腔激光器内无热退偏损耗。在驱动电流为21 A时,环形腔激光器输出5.1 W 1064 nm单纵模激光,输出激光线宽为200 MHz,输出光束为线偏振光。通过采用端面泵浦结构,以及采用对p偏振光反射率与泵浦功率相匹配的薄膜偏振片,激光器单纵模输出功率及效率可望进一步提高。     

受激布里渊散射位相共轭激光器自调Q机理研究

基于受激布里渊散射的位相共轭激光器能够产生自调Q 脉冲并有效改善光束质量，分析了位相共轭激光器的自调Q 机理，认为SBS 属于快开关，可以采用阶跃函数描述而无需考虑过渡腔中复杂Q 值变化过程，分析了起始腔后反射率、耦合输出率以及SBS 饱和反射率对Q 调制过程以及输出脉冲时域和能量特性的影响，认为在设计SBS 激光器时应在保持阈值前提下选取具有较低后反射率的腔镜和具有较高SBS 饱和反射率的介质，在综合考虑耦合输出效率前提下优化选取合适的耦合输出率。     

腔内调制激光器的输出特性及其研究进展

激光器的腔内调制与腔外调制相比有许多独特的优点，因而可望在未来的宽带光通信中得到应用。带有反馈的腔内调制激光器，其输出将出现双稳，多稳特性，因而可用数字光通信的调制源。带长延时的腔内调制激光，春输出将出现不稳定混沌现象，且共与腔外调制有本质的区别。本文对腔内调制激光系统的输出特性作了较全面的概述。     

同步锁模位相调制光纤激光器

同步锁模位相调制光纤激光器利用密执安大学超快光科学中心ＭｉｃｈｅｌｌｅＳｔｏｃｋ等人和贝尔实验室及ＩＭＲＡ美国公司的设计方案，可获得具有低时间抖动误差的千兆赫重复频率亚皮秒激光脉冲。研究人员用Ｎｄ：ＹＡＧ激光器的位相调制对掺饵／镱单模光纤激光器作同步...     

腔内扰动对虚共焦腔模式的影响及Zernike像差拟合

为实现高功率或高能激光器输出良好的光束质量和能量,分析了腔内像差扰动对非稳腔模式的影响,采用数值迭代法理论计算了腔内倾斜扰动对无源虚共焦非稳腔输出模式强度和相位分布的影响,并采用Zernike模式法对光束相位进行了像差拟合分解,得到了前35阶像差系数,通过进一步计算得到点扩散函数和环围能量曲线等,从而全面了解输出光束质量.结果表明,对小菲涅耳数虚共焦型非稳腔,腔内倾斜扰动不仅带来输出光强分布的不均匀性,且对相位分布有明显的影响,使相位中的一些高阶Zernike像差如A3,A7和A10等增大.计算结果对研究高能激光器腔内像差校正有一定参考意义.     

腔镜倾斜扰动对正支共焦腔输出光束模式的影响

针对激光器出光过程中腔内像差扰动带来的光束质量下降问题,分析了正支共焦腔腔镜倾斜扰动对调腔光模式的影响,采用等效透镜波导法计算了凹、凸腔镜倾斜失调状态下的调腔光模式分布、泽尼克(Zernike)像差系数。同时采用哈特曼-夏克(Hartmann-Shack)波前传感器方法对此进行了实验定量研究,用模式法进行了波前重构。得到了扰动量与泽尼克像差的定量关系。结果表明,凹镜倾斜扰动对腔模的影响大于凸镜,对于大菲涅耳数非稳腔,腔内倾斜扰动量与腔外泽尼克倾斜系数具有良好的线性关系,若对凹、凸腔镜分别施加等量倾斜扰动,带来的腔外泽尼克倾斜系数比率约为光腔放大倍率。且腔模倾斜像差增加的同时还将导致离焦、像散等高阶像差的增大,因此作腔内相位补偿或校正时,应使补偿或校正平面尽可能靠近凹面镜;最后对实际激光束与He-Ne调腔光束的异同作了简要比较。     

Thermooptically perturbed resonators

Heating of intracavity solid-state materials causes isotropic and anisotropic variations in the index of refraction which lead to optical phase and amplitude distortions of the oscillating mode. Two important perturbations are discussed: stress birefringence in optically pumped laser rods and spherical aberration due to heating of intracavity elements, such as a nonlinear crystal, by the laser beam. While these perturbations are well determined, their effect on optical resonators cannot be inferred from the single-pass data in any simple way.     

Mode locking by cascading of second-order nonlinearities

We present a comprehensive theoretical and experimental study on a new passive mode-locking technique, called cascaded second-order nonlinearity mode locking (CSM), which exploits cascaded second-order nonlinearities to obtain large third-order susceptibilities from an intracavity second harmonic crystal. The nonlinear phase shift that originates in the nonlinear crystal is converted into a nonlinear amplitude modulation by a suitable intracavity aperture. A numerical model, based on a perturbative approach, allows the nonlinear loss modulation of resonators used for CSM to be calculated as a function of the resonator parameters and of the phase mismatch. The predictions of the model are confirmed by experiments performed on a CW Nd:YAG laser. The effects of group velocity mismatch and the limitations which it poses on the minimum achievable pulsewidth are analyzed both experimentally and theoretically     

Effects of small-scale phase perturbations on laser oscillator beam quality

A simplified analysis is presented for predicting the effects of small-scale intracavity phase perturbations or scattering centers on the power output and beam quality of high-power laser oscillators. The small-scale perturbations are viewed as scattering energy from the unperturbed lowest order transverse mode of the cavity into numerous higher order transverse modes. These modes are, unfortunately, then regeneratively amplified within the laser cavity. This produces only a small change in the effective output coupling and the total power output from the perturbed laser cavity, but causes a serious deterioration in the far-field brightness and on-axis intensity of the output beam.     

Experimental Realization of Monolithic Diffractive Broad-Area Polymeric Waveguide Dye Lasers

We discuss the first experimental realization of a polymeric waveguide dye laser with intracavity diffractive elements. Due to a special technology used the diffractive phase structures are directly integrated into the waveguide layer. Thus, there is no need for additional external optics or extensive alignment effort. The elements are used to support a Gaussian-like fundamental mode while at the same time suppresses the undesired higher order transverse laser modes. The technology has the potential to be used also for improving the beam quality of semiconductor broad area lasers.     

Nonlinear dynamics of a laser diode with optical feedback systemssubject to modulation

The nonlinear dynamic behavior of a direct frequency-modulated diode laser with strong optical feedback is examined and compared to a laser diode subject to electro-optically modulated, strong optical feedback. Direct modulation is achieved by sinusoidal modulation of the diode laser injection current. Electro-optic modulation is achieved by applying a sinusoidal voltage to an intracavity phase modulating element. The output state (characterized by the output power versus time, the intensity noise spectrum and the optical frequency spectrum) for both types of modulation is dependent on the ratio of the modulation frequency to the external cavity resonant frequency, and the modulation power. A number of distinct states are observed: conventional amplitude modulation (with FM spectra); multimode, low-noise amplitude modulation; multimode, high-noise amplitude modulation; periodic limit-cycle operation; quasi-periodicity; chaos; low-frequency fluctuations; and mode-locking. There are significant differences between the direct and electro-optic frequency-modulation cases. The onset of the dynamic instability is characterized as a noisy period-one oscillation for direct modulation and a low-frequency fluctuation for intracavity electro-optic modulation. Phase portraits produced experimentally with the use of a digital phosphor oscilloscope are shown to agree well with those constructed from output power versus time data. This represents an experimental method for examining the dynamics phase portraits in real-time     

Harmonic mode locking of the Nd:YAG laser

We present experimental and theoretical results forNth harmonic mode locking of a Nd:YAG laser with an intracavity phase modulator operating atN = 2, 3, 4,and 5 times the fundamentalc/2Lfrequency. The bandwidths of the resulting mode-locked spectra depend upon modulation frequency, modulation depth, and laser cavity losses in good agreement with the Gaussian-pulse analysis of Kuizenga and Siegman [5]. For modulation atN(c/2L)the resulting pulse-repetition frequency is alsoN(c/2L)in all cases. However, in theN = 2case, for example, the mode-locked optical spectrum includes every adjacent axial mode component if the laser rod is located near the center of the laser cavity, but only every other axial mode when the rod is located at the end of the laser cavity. This behavior is explained by a Lamb-type theoretical analysis taking into account the competition between the two "hypermodes," or sets of interleaved next-adjacent axial modes, that can oscillate separately or simultaneously in theN = 2case.     

高斯和超高斯型随机相位调制的光腔模式

本文利用空间－频率域相干模式理论对内置高斯或超高斯类型的随机相位调制的腔内模式进行了数值分析。结果表明：在这种随机相位片调制下,通过控制参数,可以在一腔镜上得到部分相干的类超高斯分布的光束,且类超高斯阶次可由相位参数控制;本文还引入新的参量－平整度来描述光束的整体强度分布的特征。     

High-resolution study of composite cavity effects for p-Ge lasers

The temporal dynamics, spectrum, and gain of the far-infrared p-Ge laser for composite cavities consisting of an active crystal and passive transparent elements have been studied with high temporal and spectral resolution. Results are relevant to improving the performance of mode-locked or tunable p-Ge lasers using intracavity modulators or wavelength selectors, respectively. It is shown that an interface between the active p-Ge crystal and a passive intracavity spacer causes partial frequency selection of the laser modes, characterized by a modulation of their relative intensities. Nevertheless, the longitudinal mode frequencies are determined by the entire optical length of the cavity and not by resonance frequencies of intracavity sub-components. Operation of the p-Ge laser with multiple interfaces between Ge, Si, and semi-insulating GaAs elements, or a gap, is demonstrated as a first step toward a p-Ge laser with an external quasioptical cavity and distributed active media