地震资料解释技术在大港滩海极浅海区的应用

一体化数据平台下的三维地震资料解释技术包括三维地震精细解释技术、三维相干数据体断层解释技术、三维可视化技术和三维岩石物性反演技术等。该项技术在大港滩海极浅海区应用后 ,取得了一定成效 :利用三维地震精细解释技术和三维相干数据体断层解释技术搞清了滩海极浅海区构造带断裂结构特征 ,并落实了构造圈闭 ;三维岩石物性反演技术的应用为马东东地区高产富集油气藏的发现提供了地质依据     

三维相干体技术在三维精细构造解释中的应用

用常规地震解释方法进行构造解释时．断层的识别以及全区的构造特征难以把握。而三维相干体技术采用相邻道地震信号的相似性来识别断层平面分布方面非常有效。应用三维相干数据体切片进行构造解释可帮助解释人员迅速认识整个工区断层的整体空间展布特征,从而达到提高解释速度及精度,缩短勘探周期的目的。选用discover软件中的构造解释模块,应用三维相干技术对胜利油田桩241、242块进行精细构造解释,在小断层识别及整个构造闭合方面取得了较好的应用效果。     

地震储层预测技术在大港滩海区的应用

系统总结了地震储层预测技术在大港滩海唐东地区的应用效果,明确对复杂构造和复杂储层分布区应用地震精细目标处理、沿层相干、三维反演、地震属性分析等地球物理新技术,是进行精细储层预测与非构造圈闭识别的有效手段。     

油藏地球物理学方法在地质建模中的应用

构造模型、岩石物性参数模型和流体模型是油藏数值模拟所使用的三维地质模型中最重要的组成部分 ,充分应用油藏地球物理学方法 ,可以提高所建地质模型网络节点参数的准确程度。文中给出一些实例 ,利用地震均方根振幅剖面精细解释断层、恢复古应力场进行层面曲率分析、计算破裂值的平面分布来判断地质体的破裂程度从而建立构造模型 ;采用三维地震相干切片技术和多参数约束反演技术 ,定量地建立岩石物性参数分布模型 ,并解释单砂体骨架空间分布 ,建立单砂体骨架模型 ;利用地震连井剖面 ,综合测井、地质资料 ,以人工神经网络技术和多元统计分析为基础的模式识别技术 ,对地震属性与油气藏关系进行聚类分析 ,建立流体模型 ,可以确定油、气、水的区域分布。     

相干技术在全三维地震解释中的应用

三维地震相干处理分析技术是近几年迅速发展起来的一项地球物理新技术。该项技术在全三维地震解释中起着重要的作用 ,应用效果明显。文中介绍了相干技术的方法原理和基于相干技术的全三维地震解释新思路 ,论述了相干技术在三维地震数据体品质评价、断层解释、地震反射层位自动追踪解释、特殊地质体边界搜索和构造综合评价中的应用 ,展示了相干技术的几个应用实例。     

相干体技术在情北地区断层解析中的应用

三维相干数据体技术是利用三维数据体中相邻地震道之间地震信号的相似性来判断断层和地层岩性的横向非均匀性,以此确定断层走向和平面展布形态,还可以确定特殊地质体的边界。该技术应用到长岭凹陷情北地区的构造精细解析中,通过精细选择相干道数、空间组合方式和相干时窗以及各参数的组合,优选最佳参数计算合理的相干数据体。为该区快速、准确、合理地组合断层,落实构造面貌起到了非常关键的作用。     

相干技术在全三维地震解释中的应用

三维地震相干处理分析技术是近几年迅速发展起来的一项地球物理新技术,该项技术在全三维地震解释中起着重要的作用,应用效果明显。中介绍了相干技术的方法原理和基于相干技术的全三维地震解释新思路,论述了相干技术在三维地震数据体品质评价,断层解释,地震反射层位自动追踪解释,特殊地质体边界搜索和构造综合评价中的应用,展示了相干技术的几个应用实例。     

大情字井地区高精度三维地震解释技术及应用效果

本文针对大情字井地区“三小多断”(小构造、小断块、小断鼻、多断层)复杂构造、“薄、窄、多变”复杂储层等特殊地质条件，开展了高精度三维地震解释方法的研究工作。应用三维可视化、相干数据体、水平切片和图分析等手段进行三维构造精细解释，明显提高了地震勘探识别地下复杂地质构造及地震异常反射体的能力。应用精细地质预测、属性分析、多井约束反演技术对薄互层地质条件下的储层进行了综合岩性解释，定量预测和描述了单层砂岩空间分布及变化规律。本套技术充分发挥了三维勘探的优势，在油田的勘探开发中取得了良好的地震地质效果。     

南八仙油气田三维地震资料综合评价

南八仙构造是一个被断层复杂化了的背斜构造,通过以新采集的三维地震资料为基础,充分结合钻井、测井、试油试气资料,开展精细构造解释。充分发挥人机联作系统的各种显示手段,把常规三维地震数据体、相干数据体、多种属性数据体相结合,进行全方位解释。检验和修正断层的解释方案。确定了新的有利区域,对下步南八仙的滚动开发实际应用起到指导作用。     

包14块油藏特征研究及有利地区预测

在研究区构造、沉积相、储层物性特征和储层砂体展布特征等研究基础上,运用瞬时相干体分析、地震波形分析、三维地震综合解释、GOCAD地质综合建模等技术,对研究区进行了三维地震精细解释.同时,结合多种基础资料、储层参数反演及解释结果,对研究区目的层有利层段和油气聚集有利区进行了预测,对本区下步的滚动勘探工作有重要的指导意义.     

渤海盆地地温场研究

根据 8口井的系统测温资料和 142口井的油层测温资料 ,计算并绘制了渤海盆地的地温梯度分布图。渤海盆地新生代盖层的平均地温梯度为 3.3℃ / 10 0 m,其中凹陷区地温梯度为 2 .5～ 3.5℃ / 10 0 m ,凸起区地温梯度为 3.0～ 4.5℃ / 10 0 m。地温梯度分布与盆地成因和断裂构造的关系十分密切。研究结果表明 ,渤海盆地高地温梯度带对应于地壳减薄带、岩石圈伸展带和深部断裂带。此外 ,还计算了特征深度和部分烃源岩层底界面上的温度 ,并绘制了相应的地温分布等值线图。烃源岩现今温度的高低主要与其埋深相关。渤海盆地现今“液态窗”的深度范围一般为 2 0 0 0～ 45 0 0 m ,而在辽东湾地区其下限接近 5 0 0 0 m     

渤海盆地地温场研究

根据8口井的系统测温资料和142口井的油层测温资料,计算井绘制了渤海盆地的地温梯度分布图。渤海盆地新生代盖层的平均地温梯度为3．3℃／100m,其中凹陷区地温梯度为2．5—3．5℃／l00m,凸起区地温梯度为3．0—4．5℃／l00m。地温梯度分布与盆地成因和断裂构造的关系十分密切。研究结果表明,渤海盆地高地温梯度带对应于地壳减薄带、岩石圈伸展带和深部断裂带。此外,还计算了特征深度和部分烃源岩层底界面上的温度,井绘制了相应的地温分布等值线图;烃源岩现今温度的高低主要与其埋深相关。渤海盆地现今“液态窗”的深度范围一般为2000—4500m,而在辽东湾地区其下限接近5000m。     

渤海海域天然气勘探前景

渤海海域油气勘探已进行了30多年，在天然气勘探方面，仅仅找到一些中、小型天然气田（藏），在综合分析盆地类型，天然气成因和富气凹陷形成条件的基础上，认为渤海海域是一个相对以油为主的油气区，天然气以油型气和陆源有机气为主，天然气藏可能以中、小型为主，由于目前天然气资源量探明度低，因此渤海海域仍具有一定的天然气勘探前景。     

COMPOSITIONAL ANALYSIS OF NORTH SEA OILS

ABSTRACT

The molar fluid composition of either the reservoir fluid or the well stream is determined by combining the true boiling point (TBP’) distillation data with gas chromatographic (GC) analysis of the light ends. For the purpose of thermodynamic simulation of phase behavior of petroleum reservoir fluids, in addition to the compositional data, physical properties of the pseudo fractions, i.e. density and molecular weight are required. A major drawback of the TBP distillation is the fact that the fractions contain typically 20 -30 % of the material outside the defined boiling range. Another significant issue is the use of generalized density and molecular weight data in the absence of experimentally determined values. This can introduce major inaccuracies in the phase behavior calculations because the generalized value of density and molecular weight significantly differ in each oil based on the paraffin-naphthene-aromatic distribution and its geographic origin.

In this work we have performed the true TBP distillation of 7 stabilized North Sea oil samples. All the oils were distilled from carbon number 6 to 19 and the distillation was terminated at C₂₀₊, which was termed as the residue. We have performed analysis of the Cm fraction of each oil by gas chromatography. Subsequently, the specific gravity and molecular weights of the TBP fractions were determined and compared with the generalized values, which indicated major differences. In addition, the superiority of the PVT calculations for a volatile oil and a gas condensate using the experimentally determined specific gravity and molecular weight of the pseudo fractions against the generalized properties is also demonstrated.     

超深水海洋双梯度钻井技术

在海洋超深水钻井过程中遇到了一系列问题,为解决这些难题,石油工业提出了双梯度钻井技术的概念,并研制了海底钻井液举升系统。文中介绍深水海洋钻井所遇到的困难,双梯度钻井技术的概念和优点,海洋钻井液举升系统的组成。     

渤海海域天然气勘探前景

渤海海域油气勘探已进行了 30多年 ,在天然气勘探方面 ,仅仅找到一些中、小型天然气田 (藏 )。在综合分析盆地类型、天然气成因和富气凹陷形成条件的基础上 ,认为渤海海域是一个相对以油为主的油气区 ,天然气以油型气和陆源有机气为主 ,天然气藏可能以中、小型为主。由于目前天然气资源量探明度低 ,因此渤海海域仍具有一定的天然气勘探前景     

COMPOSITIONAL ANALYSIS OF NORTH SEA OILS

The molar fluid composition of either the reservoir fluid or the well stream is determined by combining the true boiling point (TBP') distillation data with gas chromatographic (GC) analysis of the light ends. For the purpose of thermodynamic simulation of phase behavior of petroleum reservoir fluids, in addition to the compositional data, physical properties of the pseudo fractions, i.e. density and molecular weight are required. A major drawback of the TBP distillation is the fact that the fractions contain typically 20 -30 % of the material outside the defined boiling range. Another significant issue is the use of generalized density and molecular weight data in the absence of experimentally determined values. This can introduce major inaccuracies in the phase behavior calculations because the generalized value of density and molecular weight significantly differ in each oil based on the paraffin-naphthene-aromatic distribution and its geographic origin.

In this work we have performed the true TBP distillation of 7 stabilized North Sea oil samples. All the oils were distilled from carbon number 6 to 19 and the distillation was terminated at C₂₀₊, which was termed as the residue. We have performed analysis of the Cm fraction of each oil by gas chromatography. Subsequently, the specific gravity and molecular weights of the TBP fractions were determined and compared with the generalized values, which indicated major differences. In addition, the superiority of the PVT calculations for a volatile oil and a gas condensate using the experimentally determined specific gravity and molecular weight of the pseudo fractions against the generalized properties is also demonstrated.     

STRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE NORTHERN NORTH SEA

The Northern North Sea basin is a relatively narrow, grabenal or half-grabenal, northsouth trending feature. The trapping structures are tilted fault blocks. In the southern part of the basin these are mainly westwards tilted blocks formed by down to the east throw faults trending north-south, parallel to the basin margins. This could fit with general plate tectonic theory, but in the northern part of the area this faulting is complicated by a pronounced NE-SW trend. This is parallel to the old Caledonian trend and it is postulated that strike-slip faulting may have been reactivated during the Mesozoic. This strike-slip movement on the NE-SW fault trend gave a tendency for individual fault block rotation resulting in a variety of block tilt directions in the northern part of the basin.
The overall half-graben feature probably started forming in early Triassic, but the faulting leading to the individual fault block formation mainly started during the Middle Jurassic, continuing through the Upper Jurassic. A further period of fault movement occurred during the Upper Cretaceous, but this is not associated with any tilt.