交联聚丙烯的研究现状

本文着重介绍了研制交联聚丙烯的方法。交联法主要有过氧化物法、辐射法、叠氮法和离子法，其中过氧化物法和辐射法最为切实可行，同时还对交联聚丙烯的表征方法作了简要介绍。     

有机溶剂制浆技术进展

本文介绍了几种主要的有机溶剂制浆方法，评价了方法的优点，性能及应用前景。     

环境友善的制浆造纸新技术（三）

文章分几个部分介绍制浆造纸生产过程的主要污染情况以及低污染制浆工艺研究开发的主要进展。     

硝酸钾生产方法简介

1 序言硝酸钾(KNO_3)是一种重要的工业氧化剂,它被广泛应用于制造烟火、黑火药、陶瓷彩釉彩药、药物、催化剂等方面,另外在农业上又是良好的钾肥。国内外工业产量很大,并且不断有新的生产方法出现。目前,国内较多采用的方法是转化法,因生产     

氯乙烯的生产技术及产需现状

本文介绍了乙炔法,烯块法,乙烯法和乙烷法合成氯乙烯生产工艺现状,对近几年来氯乙烯国际及国内市场的供应情况进行了分析和预测。     

戊二醛的合成及应用

介绍了戊二醛合成方法的发展沿革，对吡啶法，吡喃法，戊二醇法，戊二酸法，环戊烯法等戊二醛的主要合成工艺进行述评，并对这些工艺进行了简单的比较，阐述了目前国内生产状况及戊二醛在消毒方面，帛革工业，石油工业等方面的应用。同时对戊二醛产品的市场前景作了简要的叙述。     

谈辅助生产费用分配方法的比较和学习

对辅助生产费用分配方法做了深入的比较和研究，并指出学好几种分配方法的关键和技巧，对学生学好辅助生产费用分配方法和将其应用到实践中去有一定参考价值。     

浅析橡胶硫化模具的化学清洗

模具清洗是一般橡胶制品生产过程中不可缺少的环节，本文仅对模具化学清洗方法作一浅析，供大家探索和研究，以便更加有效地清洗模具，提高成品质量以及生产效率。     

液相法在陶瓷粉体合成中的应用

液相法制备的陶瓷粉体纯度、粒度、微观形貌可控,均匀性好,并且可实现颗粒在分子级别上的复合、均化,是陶瓷粉体合成及批量化生产的重要方法.总结了目前常用的几种液相法:共沉淀法、溶胶凝胶法、喷雾干燥法、喷雾热分解法等在陶瓷粉体制备方面的研究进展,并对液相法的未来发展进行了展望.     

世界油气主产国油气资源管理的基本经验及启示

油气是重要的战略资源,关系国计民生。随着工业化和城镇化的加速推进以及汽车进入普及期,我国油气供需形势日趋严峻。解决我国油气供应不足的问题。应首先立足于开发利用国内的油气资源,不断提高自给水平,然而却存在管理体制和政策的掣肘。世界油气主产国都不断改善其油气资源开发利用的管理体制与政策,促进更加有效与合理地开发利用和保护油气资源。本文总结了该领域的国际经验,从加强油气资源法律法规体系建设、促进油气资源管理体制改革、完善油气资源矿业管理等方面提出了对我国的启示和改革建议。     

Glyceride isomerizations in lipid chemistry

Isomerization of isopropylidene glycerol ketals and benzylidene glycerol acetals was studied, and isoraerization equilibria were established. Reaction of benzaldehyde with glycerol gave four benzylidene glycerol isomers, which were separated by column chromatography and characterized by NMR spectroscopy and other methods. Isomerization of 1- and 2-monoglycerides and of 1,2- and 1,3-diglycerides, and their separation by column chromatography, are described. Mechanisms of isomerization in mono- and diglycerides and factors which affect them are discussed. Isomerization of 1- and 2-glycerophosphates and of cyclic glycerophosphates by acid and base was also studied. Hydrolysis products of L-3-glycerylphosphorylcholine and 2-glycerylphosphorylcholine were separated by column chromatography and characterized by periodic acid oxidation, optical rotation, and NMR spectroscopy. No isomerization of unhydrolyzed L-3-glycerylphosphorylcholine and 2-glycerylphosphorylcholine was observed. Evidence indicated that acid-catalyzed hydrolyses of phosphoglycerides are under thermodynamic control whereas most base-catalyzed hydrolyses are under kinetic control.     

感光科学与光化学

本刊主要刊登感光科学和光化学领域的研究成果，同时刊登有关信息科学及信息材料，包括信息储存稀己录、信息的处理和加工及信息显示材料等；光／电化学及光电子技术，包括光／电转换及储存材料、电光材料、非线性光学材料、纳米材料、电致发光材料及器件研究以及化学和物理发光等领域；光生物，光医学及生命科学与环境科学中的有关问题的新理论、新概念、新技术和新方法，以促进国内外的学术交流。     

全球油脂和脂肪产量预测和价格展望

论述了近年来全球食用油和非食用油的产量和消耗量以及2020年全球油脂的需求及产量预测。指出全球油脂产量受各种条件影响和限制,存在许多可变因素,并对全球油脂价格的波动进行了分析。     

武器信息化条件下火炸药发展策略分析

分析了火炸药与武器信息化的关联性;论述了火炸药在武器装备发展中的综合地位与作用;提出作为武器信息化条件下火炸药发展策略和基本点的六项技术,即火炸药相关信息量的整合与准确表达、高能量与高安全性的统一、能量释放的可控制性、洁净燃烧与爆炸技术、燃烧爆炸的物理与化学作用延伸、非致命武器与化学战剂等.     

果蓬类原料致密成型特征及其机制炭质量分析

以山核桃、油茶和板栗3类果蓬为原料,研究了此类原料与杉木、松木屑在不同配比条件下对果蓬类致密成型特征及其机制炭质量的影响。证实了果蓬类原料因纤维素含量、木质素含量与杉木、松木存在差异,且因较高的灰分含量限制,需与杉木或松木屑等原料在一定配比条件下才可实现良好的致密成型。而配比选择试验结果则表明,果蓬原料与杉木、松木屑混合原料以3:7比例配料为宜;在此条件下,制备的机制炭外形平直无裂缝,得率为 33.85%~36.73%,固定碳含量 79.80%~86.20%,热值28.96~31.92 MJ/kg。     

临兴地区非常规天然气合探共采地质条件分析

临兴地区位于鄂尔多斯盆地东缘河东煤田中部,前期勘探和试井生产显示该区块具有良好的煤层气、页岩气和致密砂岩气资源前景。通过对3种非常规天然气资源勘探和开发地质条件的系统分析,结果表明,临兴地区具有煤层气、页岩气和致密砂岩气优越的成藏条件和良好的配置关系,煤层—页岩—致密砂岩3种储层中天然气连续聚集成藏,受物质基础和保存条件的影响,不同的层位和构造位置上存在差异。提出了该地区非常规天然气的勘探开发可遵循以下原则:东部浅层进行太原组煤层气、页岩气以及山西组煤层气的合探共采,西部深层集中进行山西组页岩气、致密砂岩气以及太原组致密砂岩气的合探共采。从而为该地区非常规天然气的利用提供科学依据。     

On Porosity of Carbon Aerogels from Sol-Gel Polymerization of Phenolic Novolak and Furfural

Carbon aerogels were prepared by sol-gel polymerization of phenolic novolak and furfural followed by supercritical drying and pyrolysis. The porosity and morphologies of carbon aerogels were characterized by nitrogen adsorption, apparent density, He- pycnometer method, and transmission electronic microscopy (TEM). Effect of ratios of phenolic novolak to furfural (Ra) and total concentration of reactants (C) in sol-gel step on porosity and morphologies of carbon aerogels was investigated. The carbon aerogels synthesized are rich in meso- and macropores. The Ra determines the cross-linking density of polymers, thereby the compatibility of the polymers, and ultimately the shrinkage of gels in the drying and pyrolysis. The network sizes and the porosity of organic and carbon aerogels are mainly determined by Ra. The C has no effect on volume shrinkage of gels in drying and pyrolysis and has only dilute effect in determining bulk density of organic and carbon aerogels, and ultimately the porosity of carbon aerogels. Conversion of mesopores to micro- and macropores is observed, which is related to combination of C and Ra, and determines the partition of micro-, meso- and macropores.     

Preparation and surface-active properties of the sodium soaps,mono- and diethanolamides and diol and triol sulfates of cycloaliphatic C21 Di- and C22 Tricarboxylic acids

Cycloaliphatic C₂₁ di- and C₂₂ tricarboxylic acids were prepared by the Diels-Alder reaction of dehydrated castor oil (DCO) fatty acids (containing 48% conjugated and 42% nonconjugated dienes) with acrylic and fumaric acids, respectively. The reaction temperature, time, catalyst concentration, and mole ratio of reactants were varied to get maximum yields of the di- and tricarboxylic acids. The unreacted DCO fatty acids were removed from the products by partition between aqueous methanol and n-hexane. The products were converted to methyl esters and characterized as the substituted cyclohexene derivatives before and after dehydrogenation with Pd/C in xylene, hydrogenation with Pd/C in decalin and oxidation with periodate-permanganate reagent and by mass and proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry. The acids were converted to sodium soaps, mono- and diethanolamides and the corresponding diol and triol sulfates, and the resulting products were evaluated for their surface-active properties. The sodium soaps showed better calcium tolerance and poorer foaming power than sodium oleate. The diethanolamides were inferior to lauroyl diethanolamide in wetting and emulsifying power. The monoethanolamides were better than the respective diethanolamides and lauroyl diethanolamide in wetting property. The diol and triol sulfates were poorer in wetting and emulsifying ability and better in calcium tolerance than sodium lauryl sulfate.     

油气储运技术的创新研究

石油和天然气的储存和运输,即石油和天然气资源的储存和运输,是有效利用石油和天然气资源的重要先决条件。随着中国经济社会的快速发展和油气储运技术的更新和发展,油气储运业面临着重大机遇和挑战。针对油气储运技术发展现状,确定基于安全,环保,节能的油气储运技术要不断的创新,才能促进油气进一步发展。