模拟海洋环境中Ni-Co合金镀层对AZ91D镁合金的腐蚀防护研究

目的提高AZ91D镁合金的腐蚀防护性能。方法采用化学镀前处理在AZ91D镁合金表面制备一种保护性的Ni-Co合金镀层。分别采用环境扫描电镜(ESEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和能量散射谱(EDS)分析合金镀层的表面形貌、微结构特点和化学成分。采用动电位极化(PC)和电化学阻抗谱(EIS),分析测试在模拟海洋环境(中性3.5%Na Cl溶液)中Ni-Co合金镀层对AZ91D镁合金的腐蚀防护性能。结果镁合金表面化学镀Ni-P镀层均匀覆盖,晶粒生长较致密,表面呈菜花状形貌,Ni-P镀层中P质量分数约为5.6%。Ni-Co合金镀层表面均匀且呈金字塔状形貌,形成了面心固溶体(FCC),镀层中Co质量分数约为31%。Ni-P镀层和Ni-Co合金镀层的厚度分别约为11μm和19μm。在模拟海洋(中性3.5%Na Cl溶液)环境中,镁合金裸基体、化学镀前处理Ni-P镀层、Ni-Co合金镀层的腐蚀电位分别为-1485、-372、-284 m V,其腐蚀电流密度分别是3.4×10-5、1.8×10-6、2.9×10~(-7) A/cm2,所拟合的电荷转移电阻分别为4.72×103、1.70×104、2.06×106?/cm2。结论化学镀前处理Ni-P镀层可为镁合金提供较好的腐蚀防护,Ni-Co合金镀层能够为镁合金提供更显著的腐蚀防护。     

AZ91D镁合金化学镀Ni-P及Ni-W-P镀层的结构与耐蚀性

在AZ91D镁合金上直接化学镀Ni-P和Ni-W-P镀层,并利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪及电化学工作站研究后续热处理对化学镀层组织形貌、相组成及其耐蚀性的影响。结果表明,制备的Ni-P镀层为非晶态,而Ni-W-P镀层为纳米晶结构,两者在3.5%NaCl水溶液中的耐蚀性相当。热处理可以明显提高Ni-W-P镀层的耐蚀能力,但却稍微弱化Ni-P镀层的耐蚀能力,热处理后的Ni-W-P层自腐蚀电位相对于未处理的化学镀Ni-W-P或Ni-P层提高了约150 mV。     

AZ91D镁合金的均一化前处理与化学镀Ni-P

采用新型环保的均一化前处理工艺在AZ91D镁合金表面制备了化学镀Ni-P镀层。研究了前处理过程中AZ91D基体微观形貌、镀层沉积过程、成分和相结构。研究结果表明：基体表面的β相在前处理过程中被选择性去除,表面组织得到均一化,从而获得均匀致密的浸Zn层。Ni-P颗粒均匀形核生长,并最终形成致密的镀层。镀层具有优良的耐腐蚀性能。     

AZ91D镁合金新型均一化前处理化学镀Ni-P合金的研究

采用新型环保均一化前处理工艺在AZ91D镁合金表面制备了化学镀Ni-P镀层。利用扫描电镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)和X射线衍射仪(XRD)研究了镀层的微观形貌、成分和相结构。通过电化学方法和热震实验评价了镀层的电化学腐蚀行为和结合力。结果表明,经前处理后基体表面的β相(Mg17Al12)被选择性去除,表面组织均一化,从而得到了均匀致密的浸Zn层。Ni-P镀层均匀致密,P含量为7.0%,具有非晶结构。与AZ91D基体相比,Ni-P镀层的自腐蚀电位正移了1.136V,自腐蚀电流密度降低了两个数量级,表明镀层具有优良的耐腐蚀性能。热震实验表明镀层与基体之间结合良好。     

Ni-P/Ni-Zn-P三层复合镀层的制备与耐腐蚀性能研究

目的 制备具有不同电位差的多层阳极Ni-P/Ni-Zn-P复合镀层.方法 采用化学镀的方法,在Q235钢基体表面制备内层为低磷Ni-P合金、中层为高磷Ni-P合金、外层为Ni-Zn-P合金镀层的三层复合镀层.通过金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、电化学工作站等仪器对复合镀层表面形貌、成分结构及腐蚀电位进行分析.结果 相较于低磷Ni-P镀层和高磷Ni-P镀层,Ni-P/Ni-Zn-P三层复合镀层的晶胞大小均匀一致且胞与胞之间致密平滑.内层低磷Ni-P镀层断面厚度约为14.5μm,镍的质量分数约为96.5％,磷的质量分数为3.5％;中层高磷Ni-P镀层断面厚度约为17.6μm,镍的质量分数约为90.2％,磷的质量分数约为9.8％;Ni-P/Ni-Zn-P三层复合镀层断面总厚度约为40μm,镍的质量分数约为80.7％,锌和磷的质量分数分别为7.6％和11.7％.在Tafel极化曲线中,Ni-P/Ni-Zn-P三层复合镀层的腐蚀电流密度最小,为3.815×10-6 A/cm2,具有更好的耐蚀性.在模拟海水环境(5％NaCl溶液)中腐蚀220 h后,内层、中层组织腐蚀成片,出现孔洞且有点蚀,而Ni-P/Ni-Zn-P三层复合镀层几乎没有腐蚀,只有部分区域出现点蚀,组织较为完整,说明三层镀层较单层、双层镀层具有更好的耐腐蚀性.结论 制备具有电位差的多层阳极Ni-P/Ni-Zn-P复合镀层具有更好的性能,且相较于内层单层、中层双层Ni-P合金镀层,其腐蚀速率也明显降低,耐腐蚀性能更好.     

AZ91D镁合金低温快速化学镀Ni-P工艺的研究

采用化学镀方法,在AZ91D镁合金上沉积Ni-P镀层,研究了添加剂对镀层的影响.结果表明:未加添加剂时,沉积速度慢;加入添加剂后,镀层的沉积速度增加,65℃时只需30min就可获得无气孔或裂纹、具有“菜花状”结构的均匀完整的Ni-P镀层.XRD测试结果表明,沉积的Ni-P镀层为非晶态.镀层的耐蚀性实验结果表明,化学镀Ni-P镀层后,AZ91D镁合金的耐蚀性优于基体.     

镁合金化学镀Ni-Cu-P/Ni-P复合镀层及腐蚀防护机理研究

目的为提高镁合金化学镀Ni-P合金镀层的腐蚀防护性能。方法在AZ31B镁合金表面,先化学镀Ni-Cu-P,再化学镀Ni-P,制备Ni-Cu-P/Ni-P复合镀层。研究复合镀层的表面形貌、成分、厚度和腐蚀电流密度随镀液硫酸铜浓度的变化规律,表征1.0 g/L硫酸铜质量浓度下,复合镀层的截面形貌、成分和晶态结构。结合动电位极化曲线和盐雾试验,分析复合镀层的耐蚀性能和腐蚀防护机理。结果复合镀层中的铜含量随硫酸铜浓度的增加而升高,铜对复合镀层的结构和性能影响很大。通过抑制镀层表面胞状物的生长和增加形核点数量,铜的共沉积能够大幅提高复合镀层的致密性。随硫酸铜浓度的增加,样品表面的催化活性下降,镀液稳定性升高,由此导致复合镀层的厚度随硫酸铜浓度的增加而明显下降。硫酸铜质量浓度为1.0 g/L时,复合镀层均匀致密,并具有可钝化性,按照ISO 9227,其耐盐雾腐蚀时间超过180 h。结论化学镀Ni-Cu-P/Ni-P复合镀层能够赋予镁合金表面优异的耐蚀性能,复合镀层所具有的可钝化性和均匀致密的镀层结构,是镀层腐蚀防护性能提升的主要原因。     

还原剂对镁合金表面化学镀Ni-P合金性能的影响

通过镀速测量、SEM、EDS等方法研究了AZ31B镁合金的化学镀Ni-P合金工艺。结果表明:镁合金表面化学镀Ni-P合金的最佳还原剂为次磷酸钠,还原剂的最佳浓度为20 g/L。所制备的镀层耐腐蚀性能良好。     

镁合金直接化学镀Ni-B镀层的腐蚀电化学行为研究

  研究了镁合金表面化学镀Ni-B合金的电化学行为,采用电化学动电位扫描极化曲线和交流阻抗研究了Ni-B镀层的腐蚀电化学行为,结果表明,Ni-B镀层在3.5%NaCl溶液中具有优良的耐蚀性能.所得Ni-B镀层的自腐蚀电位在－400 mV左右,相对于基体-1460 mV提高了1000 mV,自腐蚀电流密度小于0.7 μA/cm²,相对于基体28.5 μA/cm²降低了近两个数量级,说明Ni-B镀层能够有效地提高AZ91D 镁合金的耐腐蚀性能,使AZ91D镁合金在35%NaCl溶液腐蚀介质中的腐蚀速度明显降低.电化学交流阻抗测试结果符合极化曲线的测量结果,化学镀Ni B镀层后的AZ91D镁合金在3.5％NaCl溶液中的阻抗值相对于基体提高两个数量级,表现为自腐蚀电流降低,阻抗值相应提高.     

AZ31镁合金轧态薄板化学镀Ni-P合金的工艺研究

为了改善AZ31镁合金轧态薄板的耐腐蚀性能,通过正交试验优化了化学镀Ni-P的配方及工艺,并对Ni-P镀层的形貌、镀层厚度、镀层中P元素的含量以及镀层在3．5％NaCI溶液中的极化曲线进行了测试和表征。结果表明,AZ31镁合金化学镀Ni—P的最优方案为：碱式碳酸镍10g／L,次亚磷酸钠25g/L,温度80％,pH值=8。所得的Ni—P镀层均匀,无明显缺陷,厚度约为18～23μm,P元素的质量分数为9．68％。试样经化学镀Ni—P后的自腐蚀电位大幅度提高,出现了约600mV的钝化区间,其耐蚀性能明显提高。     

Corrosion and wear properties of electroless Ni-P plating layer on AZ91D magnesium alloy

A direct electroless Ni-P plating treatment was applied to AZ91D magnesium alloy for improving its corrosion resistance and wear resistance. Corrosion resistance of the Ni-P coatings was evaluated by potentiodynamic polarization and immersing experiments in 3.5% NaCl solution. The wear resistance of the coatings was investigated by the wear track and the mass change after ball-on-disk experiment. The results show that corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the AZ91D alloy are greatly improved after direct electroless Ni-P plating. No discoloration is noticed until 4 d of immersion in 3.5% NaC1 solution. Potentiodynamic polarization experiments show that the free corrosion potential of magnesium alloy is shifted from -1 500 mV to -250 mV and passivation occurs at 1 350 mV after direct electroless plating. The friction coefficients and wear rates of Ni-P coating and Ni-P coating after tempering are 0.10-0.351, 9.038×10^-3 mm^3/m and 0.13-0.177, 3.056×10^-4 mm^3/m, respectively, at a load of 1.5 N with dry sliding. Although minor hurt on corrosion resistance was caused, significant improvement of wear resistance was obtained after tempering treatment of the coating.     

镁合金表面化学镀 Ni-P 和 Ni-P-SiC 的对比

目的提高镁合金的耐磨性、耐蚀性,扩大其应用领域。方法采用"磷酸+钼酸铵酸洗→HF活化"的方法进行前处理,直接在AZ91D镁合金表面化学镀Ni-P合金镀层和Ni-P-SiC复合镀层。对两种镀层的表面和截面形貌、成分、结构、硬度、耐蚀性及耐磨性进行了系统比较。结果在Ni-P合金镀层中引入SiC粉末后,镀层的胞状颗粒细化,硬度提高至643HV,但其腐蚀电流密度有所增大。结论与Ni-P合金镀层相比,Ni-P-SiC复合镀层的耐蚀性有所下降,但耐磨性能大大提高。     

Deposition of electroless Ni-P/Ni-W-P duplex coatings on AZ91D magnesium alloy

The electroless Ni-P/Ni-W-P duplex coatings were deposited directly on AZ91D magnesium alloy by an acid-sulfate nickel bath.Nickel sulphate and sodium tungstate were used as metal ion sources and sodium hypophosphite was used as reducing agent.The coating was characterized for its structure,morphologies,microhardness and corrosion properties.The presence of dense and coarse nodules in the duplex coatings was observed by SEM and EDS.Tungsten content in Ni-P/Ni-W-P alloy is about 0.65%(mass fraction) and t...     

A novel dual nickel coating on AZ91D magnesium alloy

Magnesium alloys covered with metal coating display excellent corrosion resistance,wear resistance,conductivity and electromagnetic shielding properties.The electroless plating Ni-P as bottom layer following the electroplating nickel as surface layer on AZ91D magnesium alloy was investigated.The coating surface morphology was observed with SEM and the structure was analyzed with XRD.Electrochemical tests and salt spray tests were carried out to study the corrosion resistance.The experimental results indi...     

Electroless Ni-Sn-P coating on AZ91D magnesium alloy and its corrosion resistance

An electroless Ni-Sn-P coating was deposited on AZ91D magnesium alloy in an alkaline-citrate-based bath where nickel sulphate and sodium stannate were used as metal ion sources and sodium hypophosphite was used as a reducing agent. The phase structure of the coating was amorphous. SEM and attached EDS observation revealed the presence of dense and uniform nodules in the ternary coating and the content of tin was 2.48wt.%. Both the electrochemical analysis and the immersion test in 10% HCl solution proved that the ternary Ni-Sn-P coating exhibited better corrosion resistance than the Ni-P coating in protecting the magnesium alloy substrate.     

无铬转化膜预处理提高AZ91D镁合金化学镀Ni-P的腐蚀性能(英文)

在化学镀Ni-P层和AZ91D镁合金之间生成磷酸锰、单宁酸或钒转化膜预处理层,以取代传统的铬酸盐加氢氟酸预处理工艺。电化学测试结果表明:与传统的铬酸盐处理加化学镀相比,镁合金上的无铬转化膜加化学镀镍磷具有低的腐蚀电流密度和更正的腐蚀电位,能够减少基体上化学镀层的腐蚀。因此,镀层具有致密的细晶结构,适当的磷含量、低孔隙度和良好的耐蚀性并且和基体结合良好的涂层可以取代传统的铬酐钝化加化学镀的工艺。     

A new method for electroless Ni-P plating on AZ31 magnesium alloy

Coating Ni-P films on AZ31 magnesium alloys via electroless plating and organic coatings (organsilicon heat-resisting varnish), was studied. An organic coating was proposed as the interlayer between Ni-P coating and AZ31magnesium alloy substrate, to replace the traditional chromium oxide plus HF pretreatment. The Ni-P deposited on the interlayer was also characterized by its structure, morphology and corrosion-resistance. The interlayer on the substrate not only reduces the corrosion of magnesium during Ni-P plating process, but also reduces the potential difference between the matrix and the second phase. The result of the cross-cut test indicates the adhesion between the substrate and the interlayer is good enough. A Ni-P film with fine and dense structure was obtained on the AZ31 magnesium alloy. The electrochemical measurements show that the sample with Ni-P film exhibits lower corrosion current density and more positive corrosion potential than the substrate. Furthermore, the Ni-P coating on the AZ31 magnesium alloy exhibits high corrosion resistance in the rapid corrosion test illustrated in this paper. The method proposed in this work is environmentally friendly: no fluoride or hexacalent chromium compounds are used. In addition, it provides a new concept for plating the metals, which are considered difficult to plate due to high reactivity.     

新型三元复合络合剂体系对AZ91D镁合金表面酸性化学镀Ni-P的影响

利用含新型三元复合络合剂的酸性化学镀镍液体系,在AZ91D镁合金表面通过化学镀制备Ni-P防护镀层。结果表明,镀层沉积速率随着镀液中三元复合络合剂浓度的变化而改变。利用X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和差热分析（DSC）对镀层结构、形貌以及热稳定性进行表征和分析。通过交流阻抗（EIS）和动电位扫描极化曲线对Ni-P镀层在3.5%NaCl溶液中的耐蚀性能进行评价。镀液中三元复合络合剂的浓度对Ni-P镀层的结构与形貌有显著影响。Ni-P镀层的热稳定性随着三元复合络合剂浓度的增加而降低。当镀液中三元复合络合剂浓度为0.035 mol/L时,所制备的Ni-P镀层致密、均一,在3.5%NaCl溶液中表现出良好的耐蚀性能。