Method of lines for temperature field of functionally graded materials

The finite element method (FEM) and the boundary element method (BEM) are often adopted. However, they are not convenient to spatially vary thermal properties of functionally graded material (FGM). Therefore, the method of lines (MOL) is introduced to solve the temperature field of FGM. The basic idea of the method is to semi-discretize the governing equation into a system of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) defined on discrete lines by means of the finite difference method. The temperature field of FGM can be obtained by solving the ODEs. The functions of thermal properties are directly embodied in these equations and these properties are not discretized in the domain. Thus, difficulty of FEM and BEM is overcome by the method. As a numerical example, the temperature field of a plane problem is analyzed for FGMs through varying thermal conductivity coefficient by the MOL. Foundation item: Project (90305023 and 59731020) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China     

Method of lines for functionally gradient materials

The method of lines(MOL) for solving the problems of functionally gradient materials(FGMs) was studied. Navier‘s equations for FGMs were derived, and were semi-discretized into a system of ordinary differential equations(ODEs) defined on discrete lines with the finite difference. By solving the system of ODEs, the solutions to the problem can be obtained. An example of three-point bending was given to demonstrate the application of MOL for a crack problem in the FGM. The computational results show that the more accurate results can be obtained with less computational time and resources. The obvious difficulties of numerical method for crack problems in FGMs, such as the effect of material nonhomogeneity and the existence of high gradient stress and strain near a crack tip, can be overcome without additional consideration if this method is adopted.     

A novel hybrid FEM-BEM method for 3D eddy current field calculation using current density J

To solve a large eddy current field is one of the most difficult problems in the numerical computation of electromagnetic field. For this purpose, currently, the FEM and the BEM are widely used. The former is good at dealing with the close regions, nonlinearity and complicated mediums and the latter is fit to solve the problems of open regions and linearity. However, for complicated eddy current field problems in electrical engineering, either the FEM or the BEM is not successful. Therefo…     

A novel hybrid FEM-BEM method for 3D eddy current field calculation using current density k<Emphasis Type="Italic">J</Emphasis>

This paper introduces a novel hybrid FEM-BEM method for calculating 3D eddy current field. In the eddy current region, the eddy current density J is solved by the finite element method (FEM) which is discretized by brick finite element mesh, while in the eddy current free region, the magnetic field intensity H is solved by the boundary element method (BEM) which is discretized by rectangular boundary element mesh. Under the boundary conditions, an algebraic equation group is obtained that only includes J by eliminating H. This method has many advantages over traditional ones, such as fewer variables, more convenient coupling between the FEM and the BEM and wider application to multiply-connected regions. The calculated values of two models are in good agreement with experimental results. This shows the validity of our method.     

金属－陶瓷梯度材料的热应力分析

分析了金属－陶瓷梯度材料的微观结构特征，并用Ｅｓｈｅｌｂｙ等效原理和Ｍｏｒｉ－Ｔａｎａｋａ平均场理论导出了梯度材料性能预测的三相理论公式．在对性能预测的基础上，用有限元法计算了ＭｇＯ／Ｎｉ梯度材料体系的制备热应力；得到了一些有意义的结论．     

Finite Element Analysis of Thermal Stresses in Ceramic/Metal Gradient Thermal Barrier Coatings

This paper studied the thermal stresses of ceramicl metal gradient thermal barrier coating which combines the conceptions of ceramic thermal barrier coating （TBC） and functionally gradient material （FGM）. Thermal stresses and residual thermal stresses were calculated by an ANSYS finite element analysis software. Negative thermal expansion coefficient method was proposed and element birth and death method was applied to analyze the residual thermal stresses which have non-uniform initial temperature field. The numerical results show a good agreement with the analytical results and the experimental results.     

基于耦合物理场的汽轮发电机定子温度场的分析与计算

研究了汽轮发电机中电磁场与温度场的耦合关系,以发电机的耦合物理场为基础,建立了其温度场的数学模型。首先,建立了发电机电磁场的数学模型,通过电磁场的计算确定电机中的损耗分布,并以此作为温度场的热源;然后,研究了发电机中三维温度场的数学模型。采用有限元数值方法计算了电机中的电磁场与温度场分布,将基于耦合场的温度场计算结果与发电机运行时的实际值进行了比较,证明本文提出的模型和方法是正确的。     

用拉普拉斯有限元法求解层合板瞬态温度场

以有限元法为基础,利用拉普拉斯变换,把时间域上的问题转化为拉普拉斯域上的问题,提出了求解复合材料层合板瞬态温度场的拉普拉斯有限元法;该方法在拉普拉斯域内建立和求解有限元方程,得到该问题在拉普拉斯域上的解;再将其解数值逆变换,得到时间域的数值解答．算例说明该方法是成功的．     

热载荷作用下含裂纹功能梯度板的有限元分析

为深入理解功能梯度材料的热断裂行为,研究了热载荷作用下任意热机械属性功能梯度材料板的裂纹尖端特性.利用解析方法推导了不含裂纹功能梯度板的温度场和热应力场,根据叠加法,把热应力场转化为裂纹表面载荷,采用基于非均匀单元的有限元方法计算分析了稳态热载荷下功能梯度板的裂纹尖端特性,并针对不同材料热机械属性分布形式,考察了热应力...     

内燃机机体噪声特性的数值仿真分析

结合多体动力学仿真技术与有限元法（FEM）和边界元法（BEM）对一台4缸发动机的机体噪声辐射进行了预测.建立了一台4缸4冲程柴油机曲柄连杆系统的多体动力学模型,通过多体动力学仿真的方法,求解出活塞、连杆、曲轴系统在工作过程中对机体的激励.利用有限元法求解出主轴承作用力、活塞侧向力和在燃烧激励作用下的机体振动特性.建立了机体噪声辐射的边界元模型,利用边界元技术对机体的辐射噪声进行了求解.并根据仿真分析的结果对机体的外声场的噪声特性进行了研究.研究表明,机体裙部的刚度是影响内燃机噪声辐射的重要原因.     

Influence of Inclusion Shape on Thermoelasto-Plastic Optimun Design of Ceramic Metal Functionally Graded Materials

A nonlinear finite element method is applied to observe how inclusion shape influence the thermal response of a ceramic-metal functionally graded material (FGM). The elastic and plastic behaviors of the layers which are two-phase isotropic composites consisting of randomly oriented elastic spheroidal inclusions and a ductile matrix are predicted by a mean field method. The prediction results show that inclusion shape has remarkable influence on the overall behavior of the composite. The consequences of the thermal response analysis of the FGM are that the response is dependent on inclusion shape and its composition profile cooperatively and that the plastic behavior of each layer should be taken into account in optimum design of a ceramic-metal FGM.     

计算VLSI电容方法的研究

讨论了几种VLSI版图中电容的计算方法;计算集成电路电容的方法有公式法和数值法两大类。利用数值法计算电容的方法包含有限差分法、有限元法、边界元法和格林法等,分析了以上各种方法的计算原理和优缺点。     

对称型梯度功能材料的瞬态热应力强度因子

采用摄动法推导出无限大对称型梯度功能材料平板的一维非定常温度场及非定常热应力场的解析表达式 ,并采用权函数法计算了受热冲击的含双边裂纹的对称型梯度功能材料平板的瞬态热应力强度因子 .通过两种Al2 O3 TiC系梯度功能陶瓷平板表面冷却条件下的计算实例并与均质陶瓷材料对比 ,分析了材料的热 物理性能分布规律对瞬态热应力强度因子的影响 ,并提出高抗热震性梯度功能陶瓷的设计原则     

压电智能板热效应分析模型的建立与仿真

通过有限元分析方法研究了压电智能板结构的热效应问题。采用了包含4个位移节点、2个电势节点和8个温度节点的有限元模型,其位移场按壳单元模型描述,电势场和温度场则按线性插值方法描述。基于虚功原理导出了热机电有限元方程,分析了温度场的改变对压电智能板结构动力特性、动力响应和输出电压的影响。通过一悬臂智能板结构的数值仿真,反映出温度变化造成的物理参数值改变对位移响应和输出电压具有一定的影响;温度变化产生的热载荷对动力响应和输出电压具有非常大的影响,表明了在智能板结构响应分析中考虑热因素的重要性。     

弹性静力学问题ANSYS求解与边界元求解比较

用基于有限元方法的ANSYS软件和边界元法求解二维弹性静力学问题,推导出二维弹性静力学问题的有限元公式和边界元公式,并采用常单元编写边界元程序.针对两个具体的算例,分别用这两种方法进行求解,并把解得的结果与精确解进行比较和分析,得出一些有意义的结论.     

基于热力耦合的钢筋混凝土锈胀开裂分析

为对锈蚀钢筋混凝土构件开裂问题进行分析,鉴于氯离子扩散控制方程与瞬态热传导控制方程的相似性,根据传统的Fick定律和已有的氯盐环境下钢筋非均匀锈胀模型以及热弹性力学理论,提出钢筋混凝土锈胀开裂模拟的热力耦合方法.对氯离子的扩散采用瞬态热传导方法进行分析模拟,提取各时间步钢筋单元表面的氯离子质量浓度即温度作为混凝土的温度荷载,引入钢筋锈胀的时变等效温度膨胀系数,采用升温膨胀对钢筋的锈胀以及由此引起的混凝土开裂过程进行有限元分析.数值算例表明,该方法可以有效地模拟和分析钢筋的非均匀锈胀和混凝土的裂缝扩展行为.     

二维非均匀介质中大地电磁的耦合模拟

阐述了边界元法的基本原理及其在二维大地电磁测探正演中的实现过程,深入研究了边界单元和有际单元的耦合模拟方法,目的在于为二维大地电磁测探提供实用的,精确的,计算效益高的计算工具,理论研究及模型计算表明,这种耦合方法能够有效地模拟大地电磁场的变化规律。     

基于随机因子法的桁架结构有限元热分析

对随机参数桁架结构在随机外界温度场作用下的分析方法进行了研究.基于有限元方法,利用随机因子法建立了桁架结构的物理参数、几何参数和外界温度场分别或同时具有随机性时的结构有限元方程,应用求解随机变量函数统计矩的代数综合法对结构响应(位移和热应力)的数字特征计算表达式进行了推导.通过数值算例,分析了各种随机参数的随机性对结构位移和热应力响应的影响,并验证了文中模型和方法的合理性与可行性.     

基于2.5维有限元-完全匹配层技术的隧道振动建模研究

为解决隧道受周围区域复杂影响的三维隧道动力模拟问题，基于有限单元法，采用2.5D技术，应用完全匹配层（PML）处理由有限单元网格截断的边界，提出一种针对超长隧道结构动态性能模拟的高效、精确解法。结合2.5D技术、有限单元法（FEM）及完全匹配层（PML）的方法并不常见，推导2.5D技术和有限单元法（FEM）结合法的方程，着重说明其与2.5D技术和完全匹配层（PML）结合法的兼容性。通过与常用数值模型（MEF-MEC）和半解析解（PIP）法的结果验证，证明了模型的准确性，并进行了参数研究，以评估隧道和土体性质对土体振动的影响。结果表明：提出的2.5D MEF-PML方法能够解决有限元法不能处理无限域的缺点，与常规PML法相比,精度更高，在隧道动力分析时，能准确考虑隧道周围区域因素的影响。     

Numerical Simulation of Multi-repaired Weld Residual Stress

In order to understand the change regulation of resichual stress during muhi-repaired uelding to provide theoretical guidance for correct repaired welding procedure and improvement of joint properties.and to simulate the magnitude and distribution of residual stress using the finite element method (FEM).A model of temperature field of weld repaired using FEM,which was simplified,was established.the weld stress consists of ther mal stress and orgaization stress.models of the thermal stress and organization stress were described ANSYS, a software of finite element,was applied to calculate the stress,BHW35 steel was taken as an example,the simulated and experimental results for the 1 st ,3rd and 5th weldrepaired were analyzed,the simulated results are in good agreement with experimental results it can be concluded that the residual stress,in the weld center changes little,and the high residual stress exists in HAZ and in the same place the more repaired weld.the higher residual tress and the area of residual stress becomes wider.