二氧化钒超薄纳米片的制备及其光学性能研究

采用V2O5作为钒源,以乙二醇(EG))为还原剂,在190℃的条件下,通过简单的水热途径制备出了VO2 (B)超薄纳米片晶.并利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、荧光分光光度计(PL)对样品的结构、形貌及荧光性能进行表征.研究结果表明:以乙二醇(EG)为还原剂制备出的晶体为纳米VO2 (B),长180～350...     

VOC2O4·H2O热分解制备纳米VO2粉体及相变特性

提出了一种采用草酸氧钒(VOC2O4·H2O)热分解制备纳米VO2的方法.通过热分析(TG-DSC)、XRD和TEM手段,分析了草酸氧钒前驱体的热分解过程,纳米VO2的结构和形貌,测定了纳米VO2粉体的电阻-温度曲线.实验结果表明VOC2O4·H2O热分解开始温度为343℃,在380℃,真空度为20～50Pa的条件下,热分解获得VO2的平均尺寸为22nm,相变温度为69℃.     

一步水热法制备超长VO_2(B)纳米带及其电化学性能（英文）

采用简易的一步水热法制备了超长的VO2(B)纳米带。对纳米带的结构、形貌、最优合成条件及电化学性能进行了研究。结果发现:制得的VO2(B)纳米带长度约为几十微米,宽度为~200 nm;且最优合成条件为在钒源与还原剂摩尔比为2:1的条件下,200℃水热反应24 h。当该VO2(B)纳米带被作为锂离子电池的阳极材料时,显示出了优异的电化学性能,尤其是循环稳定性,循环500周后的电容量损失率仅为10.41%,极大的解决了钒类纳米材料作为锂离子电池阳极材料时稳定性差的问题,提高了其成为锂离子电池阳极材料的可能性。     

十二烷基硫酸钠对溶液燃烧合成多孔Co3O4粉体形貌及磁学性能的影响

采用盐助溶液燃烧合成法制备多孔Co3O4粉体,并对十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)为辅助盐合成的Co3O4粉体分别在500、600和700℃进行热处理,研究其微观形貌、结构和磁学性能.研究结果表明,燃料中引入SDS作为表面活性剂,起到发泡和细化晶粒的作用,热处理对Co3O4粉体的形貌、结构及磁学性能产生明显影响.在n(Co(NO3)2·6H2O):n(SDS)=1:0.075时合成的Co3O4粉体经700℃热处理后得到了高纯度、空间网状结构好、平均晶粒尺寸为100 nm的纳米晶Co3O4粉体.经500、600及700℃热处理后Co3O4粉体的矫顽力和剩磁逐渐增大,其中700℃热处理后粉体的矫顽力和剩磁最大,矫顽力为316.8 Oe,剩磁为31.5×10-3 emu/g.     

磁控溅射制备纳米二氧化钒半导体薄膜及表征

本文采用射频磁控溅射法,结合氩气气氛退火工艺制备了VO2薄膜。通过优化磁控溅射和热退火工艺,结合激光拉曼光谱仪(Raman)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、电镜扫描(SEM)对薄膜的相结构、组分和表面形貌进行分析。结果表明:溅射衬底温度为150℃,在450℃氩气气氛退火2.5 h能制备出高质量的VO2薄膜,表面呈米粒状,有一定的取向性。     

不同酸化条件下水热合成V2O5粉末的结构和电化学性能

为了研究酸化条件对V2O5粉末结构和电化学性能的影响,利用HNO3和H2C2O4酸化NH4VO3溶液,经水热和后续热处理制备了V2O5粉体。利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和电化学工作站等对V2O5粉体的微观结构与电化学性能进行了测试。结果表明,所得粉体为纯V2O5相,前驱体溶液的pH值和酸化所用酸的酸根阴离子影响了最终粉体的晶体发育和微观结构。其中,利用HNO3酸化NH4VO3溶液至pH值=3制得的粉体为直径约100nm的纳米棒,在0.5和1C的放电速率下循环30次后,放电比容量仍有150mAh/g左右,且大电流放电性能更好。     

电子辐照直拉硅中VO2的红外光谱表征

用能量为1.5MeV,剂量为1.8×101 8e/cm2的电子束辐照直拉硅单晶样品,通过傅里叶变换红外光谱技术(FTIS)研究了辐照后样品中VO2缺陷随退火温度的变化及其热稳定性。实验结果表明,辐照在样品中引入了VO2的亚稳态缺陷,其特征吸收峰在低温红外光谱中向高频方向移动,300℃热处理时该亚稳态缺陷转化为VO缺陷;400℃热处理样品中出现了VO2的稳态缺陷,450℃热处理该稳态缺陷的峰值强度达到最大,当退火温度达到550℃时,该稳态缺陷完全消失并转化为其它复杂的缺陷。这种稳态的VO2缺陷经历450℃长时间热处理表现出良好的热稳定性,而在500℃短时热处理后转化为其它缺陷。     

VO2镀膜工艺与薄膜导电特性的研究

利用射频磁控溅射方法制备了VO2薄膜,通过正交试验设计研究镀膜工艺因素对薄膜导电特性的影响规律.试验结果表明,影响薄膜导电性能的主要因素是热处理温度,其次是衬底的温度,溅射功率和工作压强对薄膜导电性能的影响很小.X射线衍射结果表明,制备的VO2薄膜为非晶体结构,480℃真空热处理后,VO2薄膜结晶良好.由此得到制备VO2薄膜的最优化工艺为:衬底的温度400℃、热处理温度480℃、溅射频率120W和工作气压1.5Pa.     

碳热还原法制备VO2/云母复合粉体研究

首先采用溶胶-凝胶法和喷雾干燥法在云母微粉表面包覆VO25,然后与炭黑混合均匀,通过高温退火还原获得VO2/云母复合粉体.利用XRD、SEM、FT-IR等手段对其进行表征,结果表明,碳热还原法制备的VO2/云母复合粉体相变温度为68℃,滞后温宽为16℃,在波长λ=4.55μm(波数=2200cm-1)的红外光波段,加入...     

高导电性热电池正极材料Ni-NiCl2复合物的原位合成与放电性能研究

作为高电位化合物, NiCl₂是高功率热电池的理想正极材料, 但是其比表面积小、导电性差, 影响了其热电池的应用。采用升华和原位合成技术, 制备具有大比表面积和高导电性的热电池正极材料Ni-NiCl₂复合粉体: 首先将市售含结晶水的NiCl₂·6H₂O经过低温干燥处理, 脱水后形成黄色粉体, 然后在Ar气氛下, 经850~900℃进行升华处理, 将收集的升华粉体置于Ar+H₂还原气氛中, 300~500℃温度下还原热处理1 h, 得到Ni-NiCl₂复合粉体。论文讨论并分析了粉体的热力学、晶体结构、原位合成过程和初步的电化学性能。结果表明: 升华过程中, NiCl₂晶体沿着垂直于c轴的方向生长为直径200~300 µm的层状结构; 与纯NiCl₂作为正极材料的LiSi︱LiCl-LiBr-LiF︱NiCl₂热电池组的放电曲线相比, Ni-NiCl₂复合粉体(5wt%单质Ni)为正极材料的热电池放电曲线更加平稳, 激活时间更短。     

Hydrothermal synthesis of single-crystal VO2(B) nanobelts

Single crystalline VO₂(B) nanobelts with a metastable structure were obtained through a simple hydrothermal synthetic method. The VO₂(B) nanobelts were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, selected area electronic diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy and X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy techniques. The as-obtained VO₂(B) nanobelts are 400–600 nm long, typically 100–150 nm wide and 20–30 nm thick. The belt-like VO₂(B) with a high surface area may be beneficial to lithium insertion between the VO₆ layers for application in batteries.     

Synthesis and physicochemical study of CsUO2(VO3)3

The polymorphic transition and properties of CsUO₂(VO₃)₃ prepared by solid-phase reaction were studied by high-temperature X-ray diffraction, IR spectroscopy, and thermal gravimetric analysis. The enthalpy of formation of α-CsUO₂(VO₃)₃ was determined by adiabatic reaction calorimetry.     

VO_2(M/R)复合薄膜的研究进展

VO2(M/R)薄膜相变前后的红外透过率、电阻率变化显著,在光学、电学开关等领域极具应用潜力。VO2(M/R)复合薄膜能克服纯相材料本身的不足,还可以引入新的性能和结构。综述了VO2(M/R)复合薄膜的特点和主要性能,总结了薄膜的复合方式,讨论了复合薄膜制备中存在的问题,并结合近年的相变机理、制备工艺、复合方式等报道展望了VO2(M/R)复合薄膜的研究发展前景。     

Facile synthesis,phase transition,optical switching and oxidation resistance properties of belt-like VO2(A) and VO2(M) with a rectangular cross section

Belt-like VO₂(A) with a rectangular cross section (VA-RCS) was successfully synthesized using V₂O₅, H₂C₂O₄·2H₂O and H₂O as the starting materials by a facile hydrothermal approach. Some synthetic parameters, such as, the reaction time, reaction temperature and concentration of H₂C₂O₄·2H₂O, were systematically investigated to control the fabrication of belt-like VA-RCS. The formation mechanism of belt-like VA-RCS was proposed. Subsequently, belt-like VO₂(M) with a rectangular cross section (VM-RCS) was prepared by the irreversible transformation of VA-RCS at 700 °C for 2 h under the inert atmosphere. The phase transition temperature (T_c) of VA-RCS and VM-RCS was evaluated by DSC test. The optical switching properties of VA-RCS and VM-RCS were studied by the variable-temperature infrared spectra, and it was found that the as-obtained VA-RCS and VM-RCS could be used as the optical switching materials. Furthermore, the oxidation resistance properties of VA-RCS and VM-RCS were investigated by TGA, indicating that they have good thermal stability and oxidation resistance below 400 °C in air.     

Hydrothermal synthesis of W and Mo co-doped VO2(B) nanobelts

W and Mo co-doped VO₂(B) nanobelts which used formic acid as reduction acid, NH₄VO₃ as vanadium source, (NH₄)₆W₇O₂₄?·?6H₂O and (NH₄)₆Mo₇O₂₄?·?4H₂O as doped sources were synthesised by the hydrothermal method. The samples were characterised by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). TEM and HRTEM images showed the samples had a length of 1?µm and a width of 100?nm. XRD, FTIR and XPS spectra revealed that Mo⁶⁺ and W⁶⁺ incorporated into the VO₂(B) lattice and formed solid-solution phases with VO₂(B).     

Room temperature NO2 sensing performance enhancement of VO2(B) composited rGO structure

Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics - The VO2(B)/rGO composite structure was proposed to improve the gas sensitivity response of VO2(B) at room temperature (25 °C)...     

Porous yolk-shell structured Na3(VO)2(PO4)2F microspheres with enhanced Na-ion storage properties

Na3(VO)2(PO4)2F(NVPOF)has been considered as one potential candidate for sodium-ion batteries because of its high operating voltage and theoretical capacity.However,the poor intrinsic electronic conductivity significantly restricts its widespread application.In response to this drawback,we adopt the optimization strategy of tuning the morphology and structure to boost the electrical conductiv-ity and mitigate the capacity fading.In this paper,NVPOF microspheres with unique porous yolk-shell structure were fabricated via a facile one-step solvothermal method for the first time.By monitoring the morphological evolution with time-dependent experiments,the self-sacrifice and Ostwald ripening mechanism from rough spheres to yolk-shell structure was revealed.Benefited from the favorable inter-woven nanosheets shell,inner cavity and porous core structure,the resulting NVPOF electrode exhibits superior rate capability of 63 mA h g-1 at 20 C as well as outstanding long-cycling performance with the capacity retention up to 92.1％over 1000 cycles at 5 C.