Learning Political Information From the News: A Closer Look at the Role of Motivation

This paper investigates how motivations that drive news use affect the process of learning political information from the news. A model that traces the influence of motivational factors on following news about general public affairs is proposed. Tests conducted with nationally representative surveys revealed that motivations for following general public affairs in the news are conceptually and empirically distinct. Results showed that certain psychological needs drive motivations toward following general news, and that various types of motives have independent effects on exposure and attention to news. Finally, we found that motivations have significant indirect effects on knowledge about politics. Implications on theoretical developments in political knowledge and learning are discussed.     

把旅途当课堂

你的孩子是否知道：这个世界除了满街的汽车和高高的楼房外,还有高山和森林;除了快餐店里金黄色的少校鸡块和鸡腿外,公鸡和母鸡是有五彩的羽毛,可以满处跑的;除了小熊维尼和机器猫外,自然界里,还存在无数的牛羊和飞鸟……     

The Evening's Bad News: Effects of Compelling Negative Television News Images on Memory

This study examined the relationship between compelling negative images in television news and memory for information in the stories. Memory differences were found before, during, and after the presence of negative compelling images. Memory was worse for material that preceded the negative scenes. During negative scenes, memory was worse for semantically intact audio information such as speech than for nonsemantic aural information such as screams or crashing noises. Memory for visual material presented after compelling negative images was better than memory for material presented before compelling negative images. Results are discussed in relation to retroactive inhibition and proactive facilitation of memory, and in relation to theories about the effects of emotion in cognitive processing.     

新闻晚报休刊对我们行业的警示

2013年12月25日《环球时报》在国际论坛版面刊登了社评,题为“《新闻晚报》休刊,报业不必兔死狐悲”。社评的开头一段话就是：“上海运行了14年的《新闻晚报》宣布于2014年1月1日休刊,这为全国报业人士带来了冷飕飕的兔死狐悲感。报业杂志2013年的经营继续大面积滑坡,各种坏消息层出不穷。”     

美国APC公司专栏

如何正确地选用和配置UPS(上) 在我国,随着计算机的普遍应用,电子信息产业的飞速发展,特别是进入国际互联网时代以来,对电力供电质量提出了越来越高的要求,不停电供电、全面改善供电质量,对整个网络的设备乃至数据传输途径给以端到端的全面保护,这些都要求在供电系统中配置不停电供电设备--UPS.     

Testing the Intramedia Interaction Hypothesis: The Contingent Effects of News

Various forms of news use not only have independent impacts on political knowledge, but also create interactive effects across different types of news outlets. In the present study, data from 2 surveys conducted in 2004 were used to test hypotheses about the contingent effects of news media use on political knowledge. The results supported the intramedia interaction hypothesis regarding use of multiple similar (in terms of content and form) news outlets. For instance, use of both cable news and network news produces diminishing returns. But, when print news is used in combination with audio–visual news sources, patterns of additive effects were observed.     

SUN公司专栏

星火E10000 燎原神州 主机级Sun Enterprise 10000(即Starfire)服务器,提供多达16个动态域,Sun是提供这一特性的唯一UNIX R平台的厂商.该系统在Solaris TM操作系统下支持12 700多个应用程序,可以结成群件系统以得到更长的正常运行时间,群件的最大节点数可达4个.     

示例学习的数据预处理

在各种学习方法中,示例式学习被看作是自动建立基于知识的系统的关键,数据预处理是示例学习的一个重要步骤。本文介绍了预处理的两个算法,解决了小内存处理大数据的问题,     

The Effects of Strategic News on Political Cynicism and Vote Choice Among Young Voters

This study investigates the relationship between strategic news exposure and political cynicism and vote choice among young voters in the context of a referendum on an issue of European integration. Using a survey ( n = 720) and a media content analysis, we link media use measures to indicators of media content so as to provide a compelling link between exposure to media content and cynicism. As hypothesized, we find a positive relationship between exposure to strategically framed campaign coverage and political cynicism. In addition, we find that cynicism is related to voting "No," which suggests that cynicism served as an intervening factor in the relationship between media exposure and a No vote. The results are discussed in the light of extant research on media, political cynicism, and electoral behavior in the case of direct democracy.     

Effects of Unresolved Factual Disputes in the News on Epistemic Political Efficacy

This experiment tests effects of passive, neutral reporting of contradictory factual claims on audiences. Exposure to such reporting is found to affect a new self‐efficacy construct developed in this study called epistemic political efficacy (EPE), which taps confidence in one's own ability to determine truth in politics. Measurement of EPE is found to be reliable and valid, and effects of neutral reporting on it are found to be conditional on prior interest in the issues under dispute. Implications of this effect and of EPE are discussed. Self‐efficacy theory ( Bandura, 1982 ) suggests these short‐term effects may accumulate over time. EPE may affect outcomes related to political understanding, opinion formation, and information seeking.     

Communication Content and Knowledge Content Matters: Integrating Manipulation and Observation in Studying News and Discussion Learning Effects

The present study reviews problems in the political learning literature, including ambiguous causality and a lack of specificity in linking communication content to learning outcomes. As a partial solution, our study of media and discussion influence incorporates both manipulated and observed aspects of mass and interpersonal communication. Results indicate that beyond (and often more important than) experimental manipulations, selection processes in news use and variations in the content of political discussions within exposure conditions matter for political knowledge. However, findings vary in predictable ways depending on the form of knowledge—overall factual knowledge, issue‐specific knowledge, or knowledge structure density. These results suggest that the process of political learning via communication is more complex than it is often treated empirically.     

The Polarizing Impact of News Coverage on Populist Attitudes in the Public: Evidence From a Panel Study in Four European Democracies

This study explores how news messages carrying parts of the populist ideology contribute to a polarization of public opinion about populism. It combines a content analysis of news coverage on two policy areas (N = 7,119 stories) with a two-wave panel survey (N = 2,338) in four European metropolitan regions (Berlin, Paris, London, and Zurich). In three regions, unopposed media messages with a populist stance have a conditional effect on populist attitudes that depends on prior convictions. A higher dose of exposure to populist news coverage enhances both prior agreement and disagreement with populism. Although the observed interaction patterns vary between regions, the general picture suggests that populist messages in the news foster polarization between public support and disapproval of populism.     

新闻传播媒介对新闻传播效益的影响浅析

随着信息技术的不断发展,我国已经正式进入信息时代.信息技术的普及与发展改变了人们的生活方式,同时也促进了各行业的转型与升级发展.同样地,信息技术促进了新媒体的发展,增强了电视新闻的交互性,提高了信息传播的速度.在这样的背景下,不同新闻传播媒介对新闻传播效益呈现出不同的影响,新闻编辑以及新闻工作的形式也随之发生变化.因此,新闻从业人员应该深入分析新闻传播媒介对于新闻传播效益的促进作用以及现代媒介带来的挑战,提出针对性的发展意见,推动新闻行业现代化发展,促进新闻传播效益的提升.     

Affective News and Networked Publics: The Rhythms of News Storytelling on #Egypt

This study traces the rhythms of news storytelling on Twitter via the #egypt hashtag. Using computational discourse analysis, we examine news values and the form of news exhibited in #egypt from January 25 to February 25, 2011, pre‐ and post‐resignation of Hosni Mubarak. Results point to a hybridity of old and newer news values, with emphasis on the drama of instantaneity, the crowdsourcing of elites, solidarity, and ambience. The resulting stream of news combines news, opinion, and emotion to the point where discerning one from the other is difficult and doing so misses the point. We offer a theory of affective news to explain the distinctive character of content produced by networked publics in times of political crisis.     

The Case for Caring Colearners: The Effects of a Computer-Mediated Colearner Agent on Trust and Learning

This research examines the effects of a computer-mediated colearner agent that manifests caring orientations toward human learners. Just as caring orientations have positive effects on trust and learning in human–human interaction, caring orientations manifested by a computer-mediated colearner agent resulted in positive consequences. We conducted an experiment using a computer application designed to test the effects of colearner agents that manifest caring orientations in the English idiom–learning context. The findings demonstrate that a caring colearner agent led to greater trust and learning measured by recall memory when compared with a noncaring colearner agent; recognition memory, which was another measure of learning, did not show a significant difference. Two intervening variables, namely, feelings of social support and perceived intelligence of the colearner agent, were tested for mediation; the results showed that the effects of caring orientations of the colearner agent on trust were mediated both by feelings of social support and by perceived intelligence of the agent, whereas the effects of caring orientations on recall memory were mediated by feelings of social support only. The authors discuss implications for incorporating positive social virtues, such as caring orientations, into interactive media to enhance communication and learning.     

Video News Releases and the Public: The Impact of Source Labeling on the Perceived Credibility of Television News

Observers of the television news business have suggested that public judgments of the credibility of news stories and the news industry would suffer if audiences knew that external sources routinely provided story content. An experiment examined whether on‐screen labels identifying externally supplied video news release (VNR) content in television news can affect audience perceptions of the credibility of the news and the VNR provider. The results suggest that news audiences might not use the presence of VNR content in evaluations of news stories, news programs, and VNR producers. However, there is evidence that news audiences are concerned about the use of VNR content and support the use of labels.     

The Flow of News: An Assessment of the Non-Aligned News Agencies Pool

Although most contributions come from only a few members of the Pool, analysis shows that 22 percent of the stories have a high news potential for outside placement.     

Proximal Team Learning: Lessons From United Flight 93 on 9/11

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