1-脱氧野尻霉素对高脂饮食肥胖小鼠脂代谢的改善作用

探讨1-脱氧野尻霉素(DNJ)对高脂饮食肥胖小鼠脂代谢的影响及作用机理,为DNJ降脂机理研究提供理论依据。通过喂饲高脂饲料建立小鼠肥胖模型,在持续饲喂高脂饲料的同时灌胃不同剂量的DNJ,40 d后测定实验小鼠一般生理指标,血清及肝脏的相关指标。结果表明,与高脂对照组相比,灌胃8.0 mg/kg bw/d DNJ可显著降低高脂饮食肥胖小鼠的体重、腹腔脂肪系数及肝脂肪含量(P<0.05);显著降低血清中总胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)、内脂素水平,显著增加高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、脂联素(ADP)含量(P<0.05);8.0 mg/kg bw/d DNJ可显著降低肝脏组织中促进脂肪合成的相关酶脂肪合成酶(FAS)、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶(ACC),显著增加分解相关酶酰基辅酶A氧化酶(ACO)、肉毒碱脂酰转移酶Ⅰ(CPT-1)的酶活(P<0.05)。结论:DNJ可能通过控制脂肪因子分泌及脂代谢相关酶活性来抑制脂肪合成,促进脂肪分解,达到调控高脂饮食肥胖小鼠脂代谢的目的。     

玛咖片缓解体力疲劳作用的研究

目的研究以玛咖、管花肉苁蓉为主要原料的保健食品对缓解体力疲劳的作用。方法将SPF级ICR雄性小鼠按体重随机分组,每天摄入成品推荐摄入量的5、10、30倍作为低、中、高剂量,即0.25、0.50、1.50 g/(kg·bw),设蒸馏水为阴性对照组,灌胃给予受试物连续30d后,测定小鼠尾根部负重的游泳时间,于不同实验组分别检测小鼠运动后血清尿素含量、肝糖原、运动前后的血乳酸含量。结果连续灌胃玛咖片30d后,高剂量组1.50g/(kg·bw)能明显延长小鼠尾部负重游泳时间,显著降低小鼠游泳后血清尿素含量,以及小鼠游泳后血乳酸含量,并且与阴性对照组相比具有显著性差异(P0.05)。结论玛咖片作为保健食品具有缓解体力疲劳功能。     

山楂浓缩汁对高脂小鼠的拮抗作用及其机制初探

目的:研究山楂浓缩汁对高脂血症小鼠的降血脂作用。方法:将65只雄性小鼠随机分为5组,即溶剂对照组、模型对照组和10.0、15.0、20.0 mL/kg bw 3个山楂浓缩汁剂量组,连续喂养5周,测定小鼠血清中总胆固醇(T-CHO)、甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(VLDL-C)和卵磷脂胆固醇脂酰基转移酶(LCAT)含量、全血和肝脏中丙二醛(MDA)、总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSHPX)、总抗氧化酶(T-AOC)活性、以及肝脏中一氧化氮(NO)和一氧化氮合成酶(NOS)活性等相关生化指标的含量。结果:连续灌胃5周后,15.0 mL/kg bw的山楂浓缩汁显著降低高脂血症小鼠血清中T-CHO、TG、LDL-C、VLDL-C含量(P0.05),极显著提高血清中HDL-C含量和LCAT活性(P0.01),极显著降低肝脏中TG、T-CHO、VLDL-C含量(P0.01);10.0 mL/kg bw的山楂浓缩汁显著降低肝脏和全血中MDA含量(P0.05),显著性增加了肝脏中GSH-PX、T-SOD活性(P0.05),显著性增加了全血中T-AOC、T-SOD活性(P0.05);15.0 mL/kg bw的山楂浓缩汁极显著提高了肝脏中NO含量和NOS活性(P0.01)。结论:山楂浓缩汁对高脂血症小鼠有一定的降血脂作用。     

亚麻籽油调和油对高脂模型大鼠的降脂作用

研究亚麻籽油调和油对预防性大鼠脂质代谢紊乱模型的降脂作用。在测定亚麻籽油调和油理化特性的基础上,以采用高胆固醇和脂类饲料喂养动物形成脂质代谢紊乱动物模型为研究对象,将大鼠分为基础对照组、高脂对照组、花生油高脂对照组,高(3 g/kg.bw)、中(2 g/kg.bw)、低(1 g/kg.bw)剂量亚麻籽油调和油组,在大鼠灌胃给予受试品4周后,分别测定各组大鼠体重,血清中的甘油三酯、总胆固醇、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的含量。亚麻油调和油符合国家食用调和油标准,结晶温度为-21.7℃,氧化诱导期为5.23h,脂肪酸组成中n-6脂肪酸与n-3脂肪酸比例为4∶1;动物实验结果表明,高血脂动物模型建立成功,饲喂亚麻籽油调和油后,与高脂对照组和花生油对照组大鼠相比,中、高剂量组血清中TC(总胆固醇)和TG(总甘油三酯)含量显著下降,HDL-C(高密度脂蛋白胆固醇)含量显著升高,但与模型对照组相比,仅中、低剂量亚麻籽油调和油组的体重呈显著性下降。亚麻籽油调和具有较好的氧化稳定性和抗冻性能;灌胃给予2、3g/kg.bw的亚麻籽油调和油对预防性大鼠脂质代谢紊乱模型具有降血脂作用。     

西瓜籽油辅助降血脂功能研究

以高脂血症大鼠为试验动物,研究西瓜籽油的辅助降血脂作用。将48只雄性Wistar大鼠分成6组,其中阴性对照组和高脂对照组给予蒸馏水,阳性对照组每日灌胃0.06 g/kg血脂康,3个试验组每日分别灌胃2.6、7.7、13.0 g/kg西瓜籽油。阴性对照组给予基础饲料,其余各组给予高脂饲料喂养。灌胃30 d后检测大鼠血脂水平,并将肝脏进行病理切片,比较各组大鼠的血脂差异。结果表明:各剂量组大鼠血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量不同程度低于高脂对照组,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著高于高脂对照组;各剂量组大鼠血清和肝脏超氧化物歧化酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶含量显著高于高脂对照组,丙二醛含量低于高脂对照组;肝脏病理切片也显示各剂量组大鼠的脂肪变性得到不同程度改善。以上结果表明西瓜籽油能够降低高脂血症大鼠血脂水平,以2.6 g/kg剂量效果最佳。     

复合沙棘原液对高脂血症大鼠的降脂作用

目的:探究复合沙棘原液对高脂血症模型大鼠的降血脂作用的影响。方法:将60只Wistar大鼠随机分为空白对照组、高脂模型组、阳性对照组(洛伐他汀胶囊1.80 mg/kg·bw)、复合沙棘原液低(3.57 mL/kg·bw)、中(7.14 mL/kg·bw)、高(14.28 mL/kg·bw)剂量组,并通过高脂饲料喂养法构建高脂血症大鼠模型。空白对照组和高脂模型组灌胃等量生理盐水,实验组大鼠分别灌胃相应剂量的复合沙棘原液及洛伐他汀混悬液。给药28 d后,观察与分析各组大鼠的体重、Lee’s指数、血清血脂水平、抗氧化水平、肝脏指数及肝脏病理形态。结果:与空白对照组相比,高脂模型组大鼠体重、Lee’s指数均极显著升高(P<0.01),表明模型构建成功;阳性对照组、复合沙棘原液高剂量组与高脂模型组相比血清中总胆固醇(total cholesterol,TC)、甘油三酯(triglyceride,TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,LDL-C)、丙二醛(malondialdehyde, MDA)含量均降低,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(h...     

藏茶降脂减肥作用的动物实验研究

目的探讨藏茶的保健作用。方法SPF级雄性SD大鼠按体重随机分为空白对照组、高脂模型对照组、藏茶低、中、高剂量组(即0.5、1.0、2.0 g/kg·bw)。空白对照组动物喂饲普通饲料,其余各组喂饲高脂饲料。分别给予蒸馏水和相应剂量的藏茶样品溶液连续饮用30 d实验结束时处死动物,测定血清总胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、血糖及血尿酸,同时取肾脏和睾丸周围体脂,称重并计算脂/体比。结果(1)藏茶各剂量组大鼠体重、增重、体脂肪质量及脂/体比均低于高脂模型对照组;(2)藏茶高剂量组大鼠血清甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平低于高脂模型对照组;(3)藏茶中剂量组和高剂量组大鼠血糖低于高脂模型对照组,各实验组尿酸亦有下降趋势。结论藏茶样品具有减肥及辅助降低血清甘油三酯的作用。     

鱼脑磷脂对小鼠脂质代谢的影响

研究鱼脑磷脂对ICR小鼠血脂水平的影响。ICR小鼠随机分成正常对照组、高脂模型组、阳性对照组、鱼脑磷脂低剂量组、鱼脑磷脂高剂量组5组,分别进行灌胃给药。正常对照组喂饲基础饲料,其余各组喂饲高脂饲料,28 d后,测定小鼠的血清胆固醇(TC)、甘油三脂(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)和低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)含量。结果显示,鱼脑磷脂可以显著降低高脂血症小鼠的血清TC、TG和LDL-C水平。说明鱼脑磷脂具有降血脂作用。     

蒺藜淫羊藿复合物缓解体力疲劳作用的研究

目的研究以蒺藜提取物、淫羊藿提取物、西洋参提取物为主要原料的蒺藜淫羊藿复合物对缓解体力疲劳的作用。方法将160只ICR雄性小鼠分4组,每组40只动物,每组随机分为阴性对照组、蒺藜淫羊藿复合物低剂量[0.253 g/(kg·bw)]、中剂量[0.507 g/(kg·bw)]、高剂量[1.520 g/(kg·bw)]组。连续灌胃给药30 d后,测定小鼠负重游泳时间、游泳后血清尿素、血乳酸含量和肝糖原含量。结果与阴性对照组相比,蒺藜淫羊藿复合物高剂量组能显著延长负重小鼠的游泳时间(P0.05),降低游泳后小鼠血乳酸含量(P0.05),增加小鼠肝糖原含量(P0.05),但不能显著减少小鼠血清尿素含量(P0.05)。结论蒺藜淫羊藿复合物具有缓解体力疲劳的功效。     

苹果提取物对小鼠脂肪代谢的影响

目的:研究苹果提取物对小鼠脂肪代谢的调节作用。方法:将小鼠随机分为5组,除基础对照组外,其他4组给予高脂饲料,每周称体质量1次,建立高脂模型。基础对照组和模型对照组分别灌胃生理盐水(38mg/kg·bw),3个剂量组分别灌胃苹果提取物38、76、114mg/kg·bw。连续4周后,分别测定小鼠体质量、血清总胆固醇(TC)、血清总甘油三酯(TG)、高密度脂蛋白(HDL-C)、丙二醛(MDA)含量及超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)、肝脂酶(HL)和脂蛋白脂酶(LPL)活性。结果:苹果提取物能明显降低小鼠体质量、TG、TC、低密度脂蛋白(LDL-C)和MDA含量以及动脉粥样硬化指数(AI),对高脂小鼠血清中HDL-C有明显的升高作用,能有效提高小鼠体内SOD、GSH-PX、HL和LPL的活性。结论:苹果提取物可以通过调节脂肪代谢来降低血脂。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press