基于奇异值分解的欠定ICA算法研究

从奇异值分解出发,研究欠定独立分量分析(ICA)盲分离的新算法,给出了欠定ICA算法的代价函数,推导出分离矩阵的计算公式.在此基础上,提出了将基于奇异值分解的欠定ICA算法与普通ICA算法相结合的二次盲信号分离算法.利用此盲分离算法,能够较好地分离出部分源信号.仿真实验说明了此方法的有效性.     

EEMD与EFICA在单通道复合故障诊断中的应用

针对转子不对中和滚动轴承微弱损伤的复合故障诊断问题,提出了一种基于平均经验算法(Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition,EEMD)和高效快速独立分量分析(Efficient Variant of FastICA,EFICA)的盲源分离故障诊断方法。利用EEMD算法将单通路复合故障信号分解成多个不同信号特征的本征模函数(Intrinsic Mode Function,IMF),解决了盲源分离中的欠定问题。在此基础上利用EFICA算法对各个不同信号特征的IMF进行故障特征分离。通过仿真实验和转子实验台的实验结果,表明该算法可以有效分离出各个不同的故障特征。     

基于curvelet变换和独立分量分析的含噪盲源分离

独立分量分析（ICA）是基于信号高阶统计量的盲源分离方法,在高阶统计量方法中,由于高斯信号的高阶累计量为零,所以系统存在加性高斯噪声时就难以处理。提出了一种基于curvelet阈值去噪和FastICA算法的含噪信号盲分离的方法,并对高斯噪声环境下的混合图像进行了盲分离的仿真。结果表明,该方法能很好地解决由于存在加性高斯噪声而导致经典ICA算法性能发生严重恶化的问题;同时将curvelet变换去噪应用于含噪图像的盲源分离中,可以提高混合图像的信噪比,相对于小波去噪后的ICA算法,其分离性能有很大改善。     

独立分量分析在有噪图像分离中的应用

独立分量分析(independent component analysis，ICA)是基于信号高阶统计量的盲源分离方法。在分析独立分量分析的基本模型及方法的基础上，讨论了有噪信号的独立分量分析(Noisy ICA)，利用小波阈值去噪和FastICA算法进行了有噪混合图像分离的仿真研究。结果表明，对于含有加性观测噪声的混合图像的分离，先去噪处理再进行独立分量分离的效果要优于独立分量分离后再去噪的效果。     

ICA和线性神经网络在带噪语音分离中的研究

用基于独立分量分析（ICA）的盲源分离方法对强噪声背景下的混合语音信号进行分离时,如果忽略噪声的影响则会产生很差的分离效果。为克服此不足,结合噪声对消和盲源分离,提出了一种在强噪声背景环境下的混合语音分离方法,即先将带噪观测信号通过线性神经网络构成自适应噪声对消器,然后采用ICA进行分离,与增加一路噪声作为源信号的分离方法相比,该方法具有更好的分离效果。     

基于核独立成分分析的盲源信号分离

独立成分分析(ICA)已经广泛用于盲源信号的分离(BSS)。论文介绍了基于核空间的ICA的原理和基本算法,然后介绍了该算法与典型ICA和主成分分析(PCA)在盲源信号分离中的比较。实验表明在盲源信号分离中,基于核空间的ICA与其他典型ICA和PCA算法相比更具有准确性和鲁棒性。     

一种自适应单入多出盲源分离方法

单入多出盲源分离SIMO_BSS(Single input multiple out blind source separation)是一种特殊的欠定盲源分离情况。目前算法过程中过多地需要根据个人经验判断,自适应差。针对此问题提出通过经验模态分解EEMD(Ensemble empirical mode decomposition)将由多路信号混合成的单路信号分解为多路本征模态函数IMFs(Intrinsic mode functions),采用主成分分析PCA(Principle com-ponent analysis)对多路本征模态函数自适应降维,并利用独立成分分析ICA(Independent component analysis)恢复出相互独立的多路源信号。最后,分别对周期混合信号、生物混合信号进行仿真,仿真结果表明在不同NSR条件下,与EEMD_ICA算法相比,速度快且分离效果较好。     

基于独立分量分析的电磁场信号工频干扰消除

为了解决电磁场信号测量中的工频及其谐波干扰问题,将盲源分离(BSS)应用于电磁场信号的工频干扰消除.从盲源分离和独立分量分析(ICA)的统一模型出发,分析了快速ICA算法和最大信噪比ICA算法的目标函数选择及算法推导,并分别对计算机随机产生不同波形信号和实测的电磁场信号进行分离,结果显示:无论从相似系数还是运算时间上看,最大信噪比ICA算法明显优于快速ICA算法.     

基于FastICA的语音分离与图像分离

独立分量分析0CA）基于信号的高阶统计量,能从混合信号中分离出既具有统计独立性又具有非高斯性的源信号,在诸多ICA算法中,固定点算法（也称FastICA）以其收敛速度快、分离效果好被广泛应用于信号处理领域。在介绍ICA的基本模型与FastICA算法的原理后,分别对混合的语音信号与图像信号进行了分离实验,仿真结果表明FastICA应用于语音分离与图像分离,效果都很好。     

一种盲源分离的优先进化自适应遗传算法

盲分离技术与独立分量分析(ICA)由于不需要知道信号的先验信息而得到广泛应用.ICA是信号处理的一种新技术.其基本目标是寻找线性变换矩阵,将观测的多维混合信号进行变换,变换后的输出信号各分量之间尽可能统计独立.将改进的遗传算法(GA)与ICA相结合,提出基于优先进化自适应GA的盲源分离算法,并与传统的遗传算法进行了比较,证实了其具有更好的收敛性和稳态性能.对3段声音信号进行了仿真,仿真结果证明了算法的有效性.     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。