漏斗形结晶器宽度对流动、传热凝固行为影响的数值模拟

改变薄板坯连铸结晶器的宽度可以适应客户对不同规格铸坯的需求,因此有必要对不同宽度结晶器钢液流动、传热凝固行为进行研究.采用耦合模型,研究拉速4.0 m/min时,宽度1100、1300、1600mm漏斗形结晶器钢液流动、传热凝固行为.结果表明,结晶器宽度增加,自由液面状态相对传统板坯表现出一定差异,钢液内夹杂物上浮更困难.宽度改变对传热凝固的影响主要体现在沿水口射流方向的局部区域,结晶器出口处凝固坯壳薄弱区随宽度增加而扩大.     

薄板坯连铸结晶器内腔形状的优化

以薄板坯连铸机的结晶器为研究对象，利用计算机仿真技术，在不同结晶器图形方案下系统地比较了结晶器伸入式水口、钢液流动及传热、保护渣、凝固坯壳应力对薄板坯连铸工艺的顺行和铸坯质量的影响；并提出了薄板坯连铸机适宜的结晶器内腔形状以及与之相适应的伸入式水口结构形状。该研究结果为进一步优化薄板坯连铸结晶器内腔形状及工艺参数提供了依据。     

中薄板坯连铸机结晶器的主要特点及其技术进步

介绍了薄板坯和中薄板坯连铸机结晶器的形状和主要特点,对比分析了不同类型结晶器内钢液的表面积、钢液流动、结晶器传热、薄板坯厚度、拉坯速度等对连铸过程和铸坯性能的影响,讨论了鞍钢ASP采用的先进技术,指出近年来新建和改造的薄板坯连铸机结晶器厚度呈现增加的趋势,从而解决了设备运行的一些问题,改善了铸坯质量。     

H型钢连铸结晶器内钢水凝固传热的数学模拟

 为了解决H型钢连铸坯表面裂纹问题,结合凝固理论建立了H型钢连铸结晶器内钢水凝固传热模型,并应用大型有限元软件ANSYS对钢水凝固传热过程进行模拟求解,描述和分析了凝固坯壳的温度分布、坯壳生长历程及各工艺因素对钢传热行为、凝固行为的影响,为制定合理的工艺参数、提高铸坯质量、减少漏钢发生提供了理论依据。     

水平连铸36Mn2V凝固传热过程的Fluent数值模拟

以水平连铸36Mn2V圆坯结晶器内温度场分布为研究对象,采用Fluent数值模拟软件凝固传热模型并结合射钉试验共同研究了36Mn2V管坯在不同拉坯工艺条件下,结晶器内36Mn2V钢液温度场分布及凝固传热过程,并对不同拉坯参数下铸坯试样进行了检测分析.研究发现:水平连铸拉坯工艺参数:拉速V=2.2(m/min),中间包过热度ΔT=38℃的拉坯参数下,结晶器内的温度场分布均匀稳定,铸坯质量好,产量高.研究表明,采用Fluent数值模拟软件凝固传热模型并结合射钉试验可以有效分析在不同拉坯工艺条件下水平连铸结晶器内的温度场分布及凝固传热过程,并进一步制定合理的拉坯工艺参数,降低管坯质量缺陷的发生,提高铸坯质量.     

板坯结晶器内流场作用下钢液传热凝固的数值模拟

以钢厂230 mm×2 150 mm板坯连铸机为研究对象,通过三维数值模拟分析了拉坯速度(0.8～2.3m/min)、水口浸入深度(100～200 mm)、铸坯宽度(1 100～2 150 mm)对结晶器内流场作用下的钢液传热、凝固特征的影响。结果表明,拉坯速度等参数变化不会改变结晶器内钢液流动的基本特征,但会显著影响到结晶器内窄边坯壳的发育状况。水口浸深、铸坯宽度和拉坯速度的变化对于结晶器熔池液面钢水过热度也有不同程度影响:小断面,大拉速和水口浸入深度较小时熔池液面过热度较大,最大达6.2 K。     

基于反算热流的结晶器内流动--传热--凝固耦合模拟

基于Navier-Stokes动量方程和湍流低雷诺数k-ε方程,综合考虑能量守恒和钢液凝固与糊状区对流动过程的影响,建立了描述结晶器内钢液流动、传热及凝固过程的三维耦合数学模型.以实测温度和结晶器反问题模型计算出的热流为边界条件,模拟计算了结晶器内钢水的流动、传热和凝固行为.钢液流动决定结晶器内的温度和热流分布,铸坯凝固受钢液流动和结晶器热流双重因素的影响.建立的模型以及由此得到的铸坯凝固非均匀特征可为进一步考察浇铸过程中纵裂和其他表面缺陷提供借鉴和参考.      

连铸结晶器凝固传热模型研究

以连铸结晶器内凝固传热过程作为研究对象,结合高温钢液在结晶器内的实际热传输过程,建立连铸结晶器凝固传热通用仿真模型.模型充分考虑凝固铸坯与结晶器间的缝隙对传热的影响.利用Visual Basic 6.0程序开发出相应的结晶器凝固传热仿真软件,计算得到铸坯表面温度,坯壳厚度,结晶器锥度等与生产相关数据,并利用钢厂连铸机结晶器的生产数据对模型进行验证,所得结果均与实测值相符.该模型能够为连铸生产工艺的确定和调整提供理论依据.     

板坯结晶器钢液流动传热和摩擦行为的数值模拟

结晶器摩擦力对连铸顺行非常重要,而钢液流动行为会影响铸坯温度场和保护渣分布,可能对铸坯摩擦力产生一定的影响.利用Fluent软件建立结晶器内钢液流动、传热三维数学模型,并将温度场数据导入Ansys计算铸坯应变,然后根据铸坯-保护渣-结晶器摩擦行为数学模型讨论了渣膜润滑情况,对比了不同水口底部形状下结晶器内液态、固态和总摩擦力.结果表明:不考虑水口射流时结晶器总摩擦力比考虑水口时增大约29.4％;浸入式水口底部形状分别为凸底、平底和凹底3种情况下铸坯窄面中心温度依次降低,凝固壳厚度依次增大,固态摩擦力依次增大,总摩擦力依次增大,液态摩擦力相差较小.     

基于Fluent对水平连铸结晶器温度场分布及传热的研究

以水平连铸圆坯连铸生产工艺为研究对象,采用Fluent数值模拟软件凝固传热模型并结合射钉试验共同研究了管坯在不同拉坯工艺条件下,结晶器内的温度场分布与凝固传热过程,并对不同拉坯参数下铸坯试样进行了检测分析。研究发现：水平连铸拉坯工艺参数：拉速V=2．13m／min,浇注温度T=1544℃,中间包过热度△T=40℃的拉坯参数下,结晶器内的温度场分布均匀稳定,铸坯质量好,产量高。研究表明,采用Fluent数值模拟软件凝固传热模型并结合射钉试验可以有效分析在不同拉坯工艺条件下水平连铸结晶器内的温度场分布及凝固传热过程,并进一步制定合理的拉坯工艺参数,降低管坯质量缺陷的发生,提高铸坯质量。     

The effect of amount of possession of the trait of hostility on accuracy of perception of hostility in others.

Some theories of personality hold that an individual's perception of others is influenced by his own personality characteristics; more specifically, that a trait of low social value will be projected more into others, and that insight into the possession of these characteristics reduces this distortion. These 2 hypotheses were tested by having a group of college students rate each other (including themselves) on degree of friendliness or hostility. Agreement with group rating about self yielded the insight score. In general, the hypotheses were supported; the "friendly" Ss were most accurate in their perception of others, and insight was positively associated with accurate perception. From Psyc Abstracts 36:04:4HL16M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Comparison of rates of infection of two methods of emergency ventricular drainage

The rates of infection of two methods of external ventricular drainage in use at Atkinson Morley's Hospital--namely, (a) percutaneous drainage with Rickham reservoirs and (b) tunnelled ventriculostomies--were compared in this retrospective review. Percutaneous drainage of CSF with Rickham reservoirs was associated with a 27% rate of infection as identified by positive microbiological cultures; tunnelled ventriculostomy catheters had a 10% infection rate. The difference in the infection rate between the two methods was statistically significant (P < 0.015). Other variables examined, including the age and sex of the patients and the reasons for ventricular drainage, were not associated with an increased rate of infection. Most infections from either method were caused by a coagulase negative staphylococcus. The average duration of ventricular drainage before identification of positive cultures was 5.7 days for Rickham reservoirs and 6.0 days for ventriculostomies.     

Effect of antibiotics of chemotaxis of human leukocytes

The effect of 20 different antibiotics on chemotaxis by human neutrophils was studied. Human leukocytes incubated with chloramphenicol, rifampin, sodium fusidate, and tetracyclines in vitro showed markedly depressed migration. The mechanisms by which these antibiotics affect leukotaxis are discussed.     

Quality of life of relatives of mental patients

Usage of quality of life of psychiatric patients' relatives as the parameter of estimation of the quality of psychiatric care is considered. By means of standard questionnaire elaborated by the authors as well as by means of both individual and group conversations the quality of life was analyzed in 40 relatives which lived together with psychiatric patients. Different spheres of their life and difficulties (financial, social-psychologic, production) were examined in families with such patients. The defects of psychiatric care that had direct influence on the quality of life of the psychiatric patients' relatives are outlined.     

浅析《野草》的版画特征

鲁迅先生一生热爱美术作品,对版画中木刻兴趣尤甚.<野草>作为其"写心之作",亦呈现出一些与木刻版画一致的审美特征:一是具有木刻版画的色彩特征,多对比、多冷色,有阴郁的美感;二是具有木刻版画的力度特征,环境描写、人物刻画处处刀锋毕现,遒劲有力,有一种"力之美".     

四辊破碎机车刀架的改造

针对四辊破碎机车刀架车削中存在的几个问题,详细介绍了电动车刀架的结构和工作原理,建立主要设计参数的数学表达式,并进行适当的分析。改造后,这种电动车刀架运行平稳、可靠、方便、省力,取得了预期的效果。     

转炉炉壳热应力分析

根据实际转炉建立实体模型。以有限元为手段,考虑了炉衬和炉壳材料的物性参数随温度变化的特点和炉衬与炉壳之间膨胀间隙,计算了转炉炉壳在温度载荷和炉衬膨胀压力同时作用下的热应力。所得结果可为转炉炉壳设计提供依据。