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Agbetuyi Ayoade Felix Awosope Cladius Ojo Aremu Awelewa Ayokunle Ajibola Adoghe Uwakhonye Anthony Odigwe Ani Ishioma Samuel Adekunle Isaac 《能源与动力工程:英文版》2014,(10):1811-1815
A distribution grid is generally characterized by a high R/X (resistance/reactance) ratio and it is radial in nature. By design, a distribution grid system is not an active network, and it is normally designed in such a way that power flows from transmission system via distribution system to consumers. But in a situation when wind turbines are connected to the distribution grid, the power source will change from one source to two sources, in this case, network is said to be active. This may probably have an impact on the distribution grid to whenever the wind turbine is connected. The best way to know the impact of wind turbine on the distribution grid in question is by carrying out load flow analysis on that system with and without the connection of wind turbines. Two major fundamental calculations: the steady-state voltage variation at the PCC (point of common coupling) and the calculation of short-circuit power of the grid system at the POC (point of connection) are necessary before carrying out the load flow study on the distribution grid. This paper, therefore, considers these pre-load flow calculations that are necessary before carrying out load flow study on the test distribution grid. These calculations are carded out on a test distribution system. 相似文献
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Combined heat and power (CHP) systems are a proven technology to reduce emissions. A methodology was presented to compare the economic feasibility of fuel cell‐based CHP systems with more alternative prime movers (microturbine and gas turbine). For demonstration purposes, the methodology was applied to three distinct case studies of varying size. The developed methodology allowed for the analysis of the system from various economic points of view. Because of the scarcity of complete equation sets modeling the off‐design performance of fuel cells, several novel equations were proposed. All systems utilizing alternative prime movers were unprofitable. The fuel cell‐based systems exhibited some economic potential; however, the results showed it would take close to the entire system lifetime to recover the capital costs. This is consistent with the reviewed literature and hence validates the new methodology and partial load equations proposed. Based on this analysis the fuel cell‐based system for the medium sized case study showed the most economic potential. Because of the susceptibility of emerging technologies (fuel cells) to changes in capital costs, an in‐depth sensitivity analysis was performed. The analysis showed that a 5% decrease in capital costs could reduce the payback period by as much as six months. This indicates that only a small decrease in price is necessary to potentially lead to the adoption of these systems in the near future. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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The paper studied by Subbaraj et al. (2009) considers the feasibility of using self adaptive real-coded genetic algorithm for enhancement of combined heat and power economic dispatch. The paper includes some problems about the considered feasible operating region. In this discussion, the controversial point of the paper are given. 相似文献
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Dynamic load economic dispatch problem (DLED) is important in power systems operation, which is a complicated nonlinear constrained optimization problem. It has nonsmooth and nonconvex characteristics when generator valve-point effects are taken into account. This paper proposes an improved particle swarm optimization (IPSO) to solve DLED with valve-point effects. In the proposed IPSO method, feasibility-based rules and heuristic strategies with priority list based on probability are devised to handle constraints effectively. In contrast to the penalty function method, the constraint-handling method does not require penalty factors or any extra parameters and can guide the population to the feasible region quickly. Especially, equality constraints of DLED can be satisfied precisely. Furthermore, the effects of two crucial parameters on the performance of the IPSO for DLED are also studied. The feasibility and the effectiveness of the proposed method are demonstrated applying it to some examples and the test results are compared with those of other methods reported in the literature. It is shown that the proposed method is capable of yielding higher-quality solutions. 相似文献
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本文提出了一种求解大规模水火电力系统最优经济调度问题的多层次预估算法。该算法的特点是问题的关联量均被预估,从而使计算简单、快速、边界和终端约束问題容易求解.在所考虑的问題中包含了火电站、不变水头水电站、变水头水电站和有水力联系的梯级水电站,并考虑了水量传输中的时间滞后,电力传输损失和其它实际约束.实例计算结果表明该算法计算方便,快速,是一种有效的实际工程算法.本文还给出了该算法收敛性定理. 相似文献
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针对柔性负荷、分布式储能和分布式电源等负荷聚合商在参与电力市场调度中存在的问题,整合各类分布式资源构成广泛负荷聚合商,建立考虑无功调节优先权的广泛负荷聚合商参与电力市场调度的决策模型。首先,考虑不同分布式资源在参与电网调度时的无功可调节水平、无功调节可信度、调节经济性与有功支撑水平方面的特性,基于熵权法建立考虑无功优先权的调度评估模型;然后,以广泛负荷聚合商参与电力市场调度的收益最大为目标建立调度决策模型及其求解方法;最后,通过算例仿真表明该文提出的调度决策模型的有效性和经济性。 相似文献
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Peter Jorgensen 《中国能源》2011,(3)
丹麦是世界风电行业的领跑者。介绍了丹麦大力发展风电的驱动力,描述了风电发展给电力行业以及人民生活带来的影响,阐述了风电的社会经济效益。详细论述了丹麦通过负荷经济调度、电力进出口以及上下调制电能产量从而实现了电力消费的20%来自于风能。为实现欧盟的“20-20-20”目标,电网基础设施建设、灵活的生产与消费以及智能电网方案将为可再生能源尤其是风电的发展提供坚强的平台。负荷经济调度在新的方案下是实现社会经济效益最大化的有效措施。 相似文献
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An observational case study of a wind ramp event at Enel Green Power North America's wind plant in Oklahoma is presented. Using coordinated measurements collected by the Texas Tech University Ka‐band radars, dual‐Doppler‐synthesized wind fields are merged with data from a meteorological tower and 32 operational turbines to document the evolution and impact of the wind ramp on turbine behavior and performance over a 1 h period. During the event, average power output for turbines within the dual‐Doppler analysis domain increases from 18.3% of capacity to 98.9% of capacity, emphasizing the abrupt impact wind ramp events can have on the electrical grid. The presented measurements and analyses highlight the insights remote sensing technologies can offer towards documenting transient wind ramps and assisting modeling efforts used to forecast such events. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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This paper proposes a comprehensive MPPT method by which extraction of maximum power from wind turbine and its subsequent transfer through various power stages and final delivery to the connected grid are realized. In the proposed system, the operation of the wind turbine at its maximum efficiency point is maintained by control of grid‐tied inverter such that the shaft speed of the generator is set to result the desired optimum tip speed ratio of the turbine. The proposed comprehensive MPPT estimates the required DC link voltage for each wind speed using a unified system model, uses a loss factor to account for the system losses, and then controls the inverter to push the WT extracted maximum power into the grid. The comprehensive MPPT is developed and is validated in MATLAB/Simulink platform in a wide range of operating wind speed. The results ascertain that the wind turbine is made to operate at its maximum efficiency point for all wind speeds below the rated one. 相似文献
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随着风力发电等可再生能源的并网及需求响应的实施,电力系统平衡稳定运行的不确定因素显著增加。为应对这些不确定性,区域输电组织(RTO)或大型电网公司的调度系统需要在传统的实时监控基础上有更强的超前预测能力。提出了一种新型的调度体系——发电控制应用(GCA),以应对可再生能源并网带来的挑战。此系统凭借动态的、鲁棒的调度算法和灵活的系统配置,使调度系统可以确保电力系统具有足够的跟踪能力以应对可再生能源的不确定性、间歇性,保证大电网运行的可靠性。 相似文献
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As the quantity of renewable electricity generation from wind farms increases in a region, the costs associated with integrating it into the broader electricity system also grow. This is primarily due to the need for dispatchable generators that vary power output to compensate for wind farm power variations. Such “balancing services” are an economic cost to the system that is typically not passed on to wind farms. We propose including the use of technical merits other than capacity factor and cost of energy for evaluating new wind farm sites and present a new graphical geospatial method, with the intention of identifying sites that minimize the need for additional electricity balancing service and transmission congestion. Specifically, locations with low correlation to existing wind farms, locations with high correlation to load, locations with high characteristic power time-shift from existing wind farms, and locations that relieve or do not negatively impact electricity transmission congestion are identified. A geospatial Venn diagram-based method of visualization is presented. These methods will equip regional planners with new tools to encourage wind farm development in areas that benefit the electricity grid beyond the lowest bid price. 相似文献
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包曼;张红旗;吴昊;张朝 《节能》2020,39(12):105-107
风电等新能源发电产业可缓解生态环境污染严重及能源紧缺的现状。但是,由于风力发电的不稳定性,风力发电的接入可能会给电力系统的调度运行带来严峻的考验。从系统模型的建立和使用智能算法的求解方面分别讨论了含大规模风电接入的电力系统经济调度问题,并从中比较了各种系统模型的优缺点,智能算法的精度、寻优速度和收敛性等,讨论了解决问题的途径和方法,并对所面临的问题进行了展望。 相似文献
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从汽轮机热耗率计算公式入手,通过老化后循环吸热量和热耗率的变化,导出了汽轮机老化对出力影响的关系式,简单实用。研究表明,大型汽轮机老化后,对出力的影响来自两个方面,一是因老化使热耗率增加而导致出力降低,二是因老化使高压缸漏汽增加、高压缸效率降低而引起的再热蒸汽吸热量减少,进而会导致汽轮机做功能力减少,故老化对出力的影响要大于对热耗率的影响。式(8)揭示了出力变化率与高压缸漏汽变化、高压缸效率变化及热耗率变化率之间的相互关系,可用于评估汽轮机老化后对出力的影响。 相似文献
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电站机组负荷优化分配算法分析比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
目前,节能减排已成为火电厂面临的迫切任务。在发电厂各发电机组间实行机组的负荷优化分配意义重大。所以,优化算法的发展日益受到广大学者的关注。对国内外出现的负荷优化算法进行了较为全面的总结,将其分为传统优化算法、人工智能优化算法和新兴优化算法。针对相关算法的优缺点加以分析比较。 相似文献
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Modern wind turbines are predominantly variable speed wind turbines with power electronic interface. Emphasis in this paper is therefore on the modelling and control issues of these wind turbine concepts and especially on their impact on the power system. The models and control are developed and implemented in the power system simulation tool DIgSILENT. Important issues like the fault ride‐through and grid support capabilities of these wind turbine concepts are addressed. The paper reveals that advanced control of variable speed wind turbines can improve power system stability. Finally, it will be shown in the paper that wind parks consisting of variable speed wind turbines can help nearby connected fixed speed wind turbines to ride‐through grid faults. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献