Gamma-induced polymerization and grafting of a novel phosphorous-, nitrogen-, and sulfur-containing monomer on cotton fabric to impart flame retardancy

Diethyl (acryloyloxy) ethylthiophosphoramidate (DEAETPN), a novel phosphorus-, nitrogen-, and sulfur-containing monomer, was synthesized in a two-step reaction. The monomer was polymerized and grafted onto cotton fabric by gamma radiation method. Effect of methyl methacrylate (MMA) on percentage grafting (Pg) of DEAETPN on cotton fabric was studied, and it was found that small amount of MMA increases Pg on cotton fabric. The monomer, polymer, and the grafted cotton fabric were characterized by spectroscopic and thermogravimetric techniques. Flame retardant property of the modified cotton fabric was studied by the Shirley Manual Flammability Tester. The flame retardancy of cotton-g-DEAETPN by gamma radiation method and living radical polymerization method was compared. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012     

Dielectric barrier discharge plasma induced surface modification of polyester/cotton blended fabrics to impart water repellency using HMDSO

Continuous treatment of polyester/cotton blended fabric samples was carried with hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) plasma on the pilot scale atmospheric pressure plasma reactor. The mixture of helium and argon was used as carrier gas for generating dielectric barrier discharge plasma. The effect of discharge power and treatment time on the water repellent properties of samples were evaluated with contact angle (CA) and spray test measurements. Spray test and CA results showed improved resistance to wetting with water. The effect of discharge conditions on the surface morphology and surface chemistry of plasma treated samples were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis, respectively. The presence of Si‐O‐Si and Si‐CH₃ groups in the structure of plasma polymer deposited at the surface of P/C samples was revealed by FTIR spectroscopy. Further, structural differences in HMDSO plasma polymer deposited under different discharge conditions were reported with reference to organic/inorganic nature of plasma polymer. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011.     

Synthesis of a vinyl monomer containing β‐cyclodextrin and grafting onto cotton fiber

To chemically bond β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD), which can form inclusion complexes, acrylamidomethyl CD (CD–NMA) obtained from the acid‐catalyzed reaction of N‐methylolacrylamide (NMA) and β‐CD was grafted onto cellulose fibers using CeIV as the initiator. The double‐bond content of CD–NMA increased with increase in the NMA/CD mol ratio, and a CD–NMA containing a maximum of three molecules of NMA bonded to a CD molecule could be obtained. Since the grafting condition is acidic, the hydrolytic stability of CD–NMA in aqueous nitric acid was studied. The temperature of hydrolysis proved to have a greater effect on the depletion of double bonds from CD–NMA compared with the concentration of the acid. Thus, CD–NMA was grafted onto cellulose fibers at a low temperature, and FTIR analysis of the CD–NMA‐grafted cotton fibers confirmed the chemical bonding of CD–NMA molecules to cellulose. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 80: 438–446, 2001