共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 171 毫秒
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选取了正己烷、正庚烷、正辛烷、环己烷、异辛烷五种烷类溶剂以及二乙胺、三乙胺、正丙胺、正丁胺四种胺类溶剂对三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)进行溶胀实验,记录了EPDM在各个溶剂中从初始到平衡的整个溶胀过程,计算了EPDM在各个溶剂中的最大溶胀比、EPDM溶胀平衡时的平衡摩尔吸收率以及溶剂分子在EPDM中的扩散系数,并对溶剂分子在EPDM中扩散的影响因素进行了总结。研究发现,EPDM在溶剂中的平衡摩尔吸收率以及最大溶胀比主要受溶剂与橡胶的极性差异以及溶剂的摩尔体积影响,极性越近、溶剂的摩尔体积越小,EPDM的平衡摩尔吸收率和最大溶胀比越大;而溶剂在EPDM中的扩散速率则同时受溶剂与橡胶的极性差异、溶剂的摩尔体积以及溶剂的分子结构影响,环状结构和侧基的存在会减小溶剂分子在EPDM中的扩散速率。 相似文献
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蒽醌法生产过氧化氢溶剂的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
介绍了蒽醌法生产过氧化氢所用溶剂的历史和它在目前工业生产中的应用情况,重点说明了溶剂的研究进展,指出溶剂的发展趋势在于提高溶剂对工作物质的溶解能力,改善过氧化氢在水和溶剂间的分配系数。 相似文献
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《化工进展》2017,(5)
控制和消除天然气净化过程中醇胺溶剂的发泡对于确保净化装置安全、高效、优质运行至关重要。本文在模拟实验条件下考察了不同工艺参数对UDS溶剂抗发泡性能的影响,并建立了UDS溶剂抗发泡性能的半经验模型。实验结果表明,表面张力、溶剂黏度、溶剂密度等对UDS溶剂的抗发泡性能影响显著。建立的半经验模型能够较好地预测不同工况下UDS溶剂的抗发泡性能。各工艺参数对溶剂抗发泡性能影响大小顺序为:气体流量CO_2负荷温度溶剂浓度。外界引入的杂质组分会改变UDS溶剂的表面性质,且杂质组分在溶剂中的富集导致溶剂理化性质对酸性组分浓度更为敏感,降低了溶剂的抗发泡性能。在工业装置上通过降低杂质组分浓度同时增加闪蒸气吸收塔塔径,有效提高了操作稳定性,实现了工业净化装置的安全平稳运行。 相似文献
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低共熔溶剂在绿色合成和组合化学中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍了一类新型绿色溶剂--低共熔溶剂的发展概况.考察了低共熔溶剂与有机溶剂的相特征,研究了低共熔溶剂-有机溶剂混合物和酸性低共熔溶剂在有机合成反应中的应用. 相似文献
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概述了近几年来人们在锂电池溶剂领域方面所做的研究工作,它包括常用溶剂的研究和新型溶剂的开发。重点介绍了多元常用溶剂共混体系的研究内容与各新型溶剂的优良性能和存在的缺点,本文还对今后锂电池溶剂的研究工作和发展方向进行了展望。 相似文献
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Anionic polymerization of butadiene was conducted in cyclohexane using 1,1,4,4‐tetraphenyl‐1,4‐dilithium butane (TPB–DiLi) as initiator and dipiperidinoethane (DPE) as modifier. The polymer design effects of DPE/TPB–DiLi (simplified as DPE/Li) and polymerization temperature on the 1,2 content of polybutadiene (PB) were examined and 1,2‐polybutadiene (1,2‐PB) with a nearly 100% 1,2 content was obtained. 1,2–1,4–1,2‐Stereotriblock polybutadiene (STPB) can be synthesized easily by means of one feed reaction. DSC and DMA analyses showed that STPB with the designed molecular structure (molecular weight, block ratio, and 1,2 content in 1,2 blocks) has two Tg's and two loss moduli and exhibits microphase separation. Studies on reaction kinetics established the polymerization kinetics equation of 1,4‐PB as ?d[M]/dt = 0.356[C]0.5[M], indicating the first‐order relationship between polymerization rate and monomer concentration. At 50°C, the addition of the strong polar modifier DPE into the system increased the reaction rate. The apparent propagating activating energies before and after DPE addition were also determined in this study. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 1049–1054, 2003 相似文献
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在以n-Buli为引发剂,环己烷为溶剂,二哌啶乙烷和二乙基锌为调节剂的丁二烯负离子聚合过程中,采用高分子设计,分别以二甲基二氯硅烷、苯甲酸乙酯和乙酸乙酯为偶联剂,合成了不同分子量、不同嵌段比及共混比的1,4-1,2/1,4-1,2-1,4及1,2-1,4/1,2-1,4-1,2立构嵌段聚丁二烯(PB),考察了共混物的微观相分离、流变性及屈服强度。结果表明,嵌段共混PB的分子量、嵌段比、共混比值只有在一定范围时,共混物才产生微观相分离,分相的嵌段共混PB具有较好的流变性、加工性,较小的冷流性和较高的屈服强度。 相似文献
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丁二烯溶液聚合过程是将溶剂中的丁二烯在催化剂作用下引发聚合得到顺式1,4-含量在96%-98%的聚丁二烯胶液的工艺过程。聚合过程是整个橡胶生产中最关键的步骤,聚合反应的好坏直接影响到成品质量,通过对聚合进料量、单体浓度、反应温度、催化剂用量及配比、转化率、聚合物门尼粘度等项目的控制达到稳定聚合反应,优化产品质量的目的。 相似文献
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Katsuhiko Takenaka Satomi Kawamoto Masamitsu Miya Hiroki Takeshita Tomoo Shiomi 《Polymer International》2010,59(7):891-895
The presence of a bulky substituent at the 2‐position of 1,3‐butadiene derivatives is known to affect the polymerization behavior and microstructure of the resulting polymers. Free‐radical polymerization of 2‐triethoxysilyl‐1,3‐butadiene ( 1 ) was carried out under various conditions, and its polymerization behavior was compared with that of 2‐triethoxymethyl‐ and other silyl‐substituted butadienes. A sticky polymer of high 1,4‐structure ( ) was obtained in moderate yield by 2,2′‐azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN)‐initiated polymerization. A smaller amount of Diels–Alder dimer was formed compared with the case of other silyl‐substituted butadienes. The rate of polymerization (Rp) was found to be Rp = k[AIBN]0.5[ 1 ]1.2, and the overall activation energy for polymerization was determined to be 117 kJ mol?1. The monomer reactivity ratios in copolymerization with styrene were r 1 = 2.65 and rst = 0.26. The glass transition temperature of the polymer of 1 was found to be ?78 °C. Free‐radical polymerization of 1 proceeded smoothly to give the corresponding 1,4‐polydiene. The 1,4‐E content of the polymer was less compared with that of poly(2‐triethoxymethyl‐1,3‐butadiene) and poly(2‐triisopropoxysilyl‐1,3‐butadiene) prepared under similar conditions. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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采用多级串联连续溶液聚合工艺,以n-BuLi为引发剂,四氢呋喃(THF)为结构调节剂,环己烷为溶剂,研究了不同平均停留时间、不同n-BuLi浓度以及聚合温度等反应条件对丁二烯(Bd)-苯乙烯(St)连续溶液共聚合反应动力学的影响。结果表明:在THF/[n-BuLi](摩尔比)为30、Bd/St(质量比)为7/3、聚合温度为80℃的条件下,多级串联连续溶液共聚合反应过程中Bd和St共聚合反应速率对[n-BuLi]呈近一次方关系,对单体浓度呈一次方关系;Bd的反应活化能为40.15kJ/mol,St的反应活化能为36.75kJ/mol。在上述同样的条件下而聚合温度为50~90℃时,Bd和St共聚合反应的竞聚率随温度的增加逐渐趋同。 相似文献
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在环已烷中,以正丁基锂引发的丁二烯阴离子聚合,采用1G/2G复合调节剂,研究了1G/2G复合调节剂对聚丁二烯微观结构及聚合动力学的影响。实验结果表明:1G与2G复合调节剂对聚丁二烯微观结构的调节能力强于1G或2G单一调节剂。聚合速度与单体浓度呈一次方关系,并分别求得不同温度下的单体一级反应速度常数(K″p)及表观增长活化能(E′p)。 相似文献
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Butadiene and isoprene were copolymerized with LnCl3–ROH–AIR3 catalytic system. The products obtained were confirmed to be copolymers by their glass transition temperatures and characteristic pyrolytic chromatograms, etc. The equation for copolymerization rate may be expressed as Rp = Kp(M)2(cat). The rate constants of copolymerization, activation energy, and monomer reactivity ratios for catalytic systems containing various rare earth elements in III-B family and different solvents were determined. It was found that the reactivity ratio of butadiene was greater than that of isoprene and r1r2 near 1, and the composition and microstructure of copolymers were not much affected by variation of polymerization conditions. Both monomer repeat units in the copolymers had cis-1,4 contents above 95%, which is a distinguishing feature of coordination polymerization with the lanthanide catalyst system. 相似文献
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对E-44环氧树脂,1,2-环己二醇二缩水甘油醚与E-44环氧树脂的混合物,1,2-环己二醇二缩水甘油醚分别与二氨基二苯基甲烷的固化反应应用示差扫描量热仪(DSC)进行了研究。在E-44环氧树脂中加入1,2-环己二醇二缩水甘油醚后,不但对环氧树脂有较好的稀释作用,降低了环氧体系固化反应的表观活化能,增加了环氧树脂的固化反应活性和固化反应速度,还提高了环氧固化物的力学性能。测定了反应热焓,计算出固化反应的表观活化能分别为46.08 kJ/mol,39.50 kJ/mol,35.58 kJ/mol,相应的固化反应级数分别为0.86,0.84,0.83。 相似文献