Cross-Subsidy in Electricity Tariffs in China

With the incessant development of power market reform,the existing cross-subsidy in electricity tariffs has become a critical problem in China’s power industry development.On the basis of the theories of cross-subsidy and electricity universal service,the authors take foreign countries’ experience as reference to design several solutions to cross-subsidies in electricity tariffs in different phases of China’s power industry development.Furthermore,the application and implementation of these solutions are analyzed in this paper.     

Engineering in genomics-combinatorial optimization in biology

The author suggests that the confidence which many biologists have in problem-solving methods is unwarranted and that there are very important limitations in almost all current methods for solving biological problems. The standard problem solving approach that computer scientists use is outlined. An example of an error in an evolutionary tree problem-the case of the African Eve-is discussed     

薄膜与“厚膜”的颜色

无色透明材料形成的单层薄膜，其颜色由干涉色决定。以白光照射其表面，随薄膜厚度的增加，将出现一系列色彩，这是由薄膜干涉所致。我们可以根据薄膜颜色，估计薄膜厚度。显然，当厚度增大到后界面的影响可以忽略不计的程度（相当于只有一个界面的半无限大情形，本文简称“厚膜”），则“厚膜”颜色恢复为无色透明。半透明材料在基底上形成的薄膜系统，以白光照射所呈现的颜色，由于基底及吸收的影响，则不能简单地以薄膜干涉来分析。对于半透明薄膜系统，首先测量它的光强反射率谱和透射率谱，运用传递矩阵［１］方法计算出薄膜的介质光学常数，再以光学常数计算单层薄膜与“厚膜”的光强透射率谱与反射率谱及它们的色坐标。以菲涅耳公式计算出的反射率谱为半无限大介质反射率谱，这时的色坐标可视为“厚膜”的色坐标。     

Advances in electronic ceramic materials in Japan

A survey is provided of Japanese research on ceramic materials for substrates, microwave dielectric ceramics, piezoelectric ceramics, semiconducting ceramics, and superconducting ceramics. Novel processing technologies are described, covering the use of amorphous materials, superfine powders, lamination, multilayer thin films, porous ceramics, and superlattices     

我国阀控式铅蓄电池生产技术的进展

本文为作者已发表的“国内阀控式铅蓄电池的生产技术经验”的续篇,主要叙述近四五年在这一方面的技术进展。     

Recent progress in inverse problems in electrocardiology

The considerable progress achieved in the inverse problem of electrocardiography over the last decade has provided grounds for optimism about the possibility of approaching significant clinically relevant applications in the next decade. However, there are a number of basic questions that still remain. In addressing these questions, the authors feel it is important to seek solutions that emphasize physiological rather than mathematical significance. This approach leads to twin requirements for useful inverse solutions: accuracy, defined in a physiologically meaningful (and not just averaged and mathematical) sense, and reliability, not only to measurement noise but also to geometric modeling errors and other uncertainties that are inescapable in practical application. Studies using analytically tractable models may still be relevant, but it seems more important to find solutions to practical inverse problems, which will move the field toward wider acceptance and credibility     

公司化改组法制化管理商业化运行——湖南省电力建设监理咨询有限责任公司的改制与现状

湖南省电力建设监理公司从1994年3月组建以来,在经营决策、规范管理、技术服务等方面都摸索出了一定的经验,创出了一批优秀成果.从1999年5月开始,按现代企业制度进行改组,2000年1月正式改组为湖南电力建设监理咨询有限责任公司,要求做到产权关系明晰、权责明确,政企分开、自主经营、机制健全、行为合理,管理科学、注重效率.     

国内外多年冻土区输电线路建设问题探讨

输电线路工程现已成为我国冻土工程的重要组成部分。通过分析发现,在世界各冻土大国输电线路的建设中,俄罗斯在多年冻土区输电线路建设历史最长,累积长度约接近10万公里,电压等级主要为220 kV和500 kV;在环境变化条件下,各国工程建设中均发现冻胀融沉、冻拔问题、不良冻土现象等冻融灾害对对塔基稳定性造成的严重影响;鉴于输电线路点线工程特性,可充分结合冻土发育规律、合理选线和设置杆塔,有效减少冻融灾害发生;桩基础是多年冻土区较为通用的塔基形式,冬季施工是重要的选择原则;热管等工程措施的采用是减少冻融灾害和维护塔基稳定性的有效途径。