钛网表面Fe3O4/FeS2膜层制备及其类芬顿降解苯酚研究

为了拓宽类芬顿催化剂的pH适用范围、改善其有机污染物降解性能并解决其分离回收难的问题,本文采用易于大规模制备的电沉积法在钛网表面沉积了Fe3O4/FeS2固定化膜层.通过XRD、SEM及XPS等表征手段研究了所合成催化剂的相组成、形貌及表面元素价态.结果 显示,所合成的材料主要由Fe3 O4与FeS2物相组成,且膜层表面呈现由纳米片间相互交联形成的多孔网状结构.类芬顿降解苯酚性能表明,在0.20 mol/L硫源含量下所得膜层于pH 6.0、H2 O2含量6 mmol/L、苯酚初始质量浓度35 mg/L、反应温度30℃的条件下降解60 min,可将98％的苯酚去除.因而,Fe3O4/FeS2固定化膜层催化剂表现出优异的类芬顿催化活性.分析发现:材料较大的比表面积可增强传质,同时提供更多的活性位点参与苯酚降解;而催化剂表面键合的S22-可促进≡Fe3+/≡Fe2+以及Fe3 +/Fe2的氧化还原循环,同时,以硫酸根形式存在的硫物种可为类芬顿反应提供合适的酸性微环境,从而提高羟基自由基的产生速率及产生量,最终显著改善该催化剂在近中性条件下的催化活性.     

LY12铝合金在Na2SiO3电解液中微弧氧化着色处理研究

在Na2SiO3溶液中加入以K4[Fe(CN)6]为主的添加剂,获得了不同色度的微弧氧化膜层.研究了电解液浓度的变化,氧化时间的长短对膜层色度的影响.结果表明:随着Na2SiO3溶液浓度和K4[Fe(CN)6]浓度的增大以及处理时间的增加,微弧氧化膜层增厚,颜色变深,生成不同色泽的膜层;随着电压的升高,膜层厚度增加,膜层的色泽均匀度随之提高,但电压过高,膜层将变得粗糙,甚至容易脱落.     

Ce改性Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂的表征及催化活性研究

采用浸渍焙烧法分别制备了Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3和Ce改性的Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂,采用BET、XRD、XPS和XRF对其结构进行了表征,并用于常温常压CWPO工艺中,考察了Ce的掺杂对Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂催化活性和稳定性的影响.结果表明,Ce的掺杂提高了活性组分在载体表面的分散度,在相同的CWPO工艺条件下,Ce的掺杂使得Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂处理偶氮染料废水的催化活性提高了10%左右.     

海水可降解Fe3O4@PVA/PLGA复合膜的制备及性能

以纳米四氧化三铁(Fe3 O4 )催化剂为芯材,水溶性聚乙烯醇(PVA)为壳材,制备以溶解为触发条件的 Fe3 O4@PVA微胶囊催化剂,并将此微胶囊催化剂负载于聚乳酸-羟基乙酸(PLGA)膜中,制备淡水/海水可降解的 Fe3 O4@PVA/PLGA复合膜.采用透射电子显微镜(TEM)和动态光散射(DLS)粒径分布对 Fe3 O4@PVA核壳结构粒子的形态进行表征,其壳层厚度为 2～3 nm.通过傅里叶红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、热重分析(TG)、磁滞回线测试(VSM)、电子万能材料实验等手段明确 Fe3 O4@PVA核壳结构粒子和 Fe3 O4@PVA/PLGA复合膜的结构特征、磁学及力学性能.讨论 Fe3 O4@PVA/PLGA复合膜在淡水、海水、空气、黑暗和低温环境下的降解性能.结果表明:Fe3 O4@PVA/PLGA复合膜在海水中 120 天的最大降解率为 97.79%,在淡水中 120 天的最大降解率为 99.75%.Fe3 O4@PVA/PLGA复合膜在海水中被降解,质均分子量由 28440 降为 1396.     

Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂的制备表征及其催化活性的研究

采用浸渍法制备用于常温常压下催化湿式过氧化氢氧化工艺(CWPO)的负载型Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂,采用BET,SEM,XRD,XPS和XRF对其进行了表征,并以偶氮染料酸性橙为特征污染物,考察了Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂的催化活性和稳定性.研究表明,Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂中的活性组分Fe是以α-Fe2O3的形式存在,且Fe的负载量为1.907%(质量分数).对于初始浓度为500mg/L的酸性橙模拟废水,当Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3催化剂和H2O2氧化剂的投加量分别为30g/L和330mg/L时,处理3h时染料的脱色率、COD去除率和TOC去除率可分别达到82.10%,80.14%和74.2%.与传统Fenton试剂法相比,以Fe2O3/γ-Al2O3为催化剂的CWPO工艺具有矿化程度高和催化剂易回收再用的优点.     

磁性分子筛催化剂的制备及其性能

以改性Fe3O4颗粒为核,采用溶胶-凝胶法在Fe3O4核表面包覆SiO2壳层,并在SiO2孔道内负载纳米TiO2颗粒,得到易于固-液分离、平均直径为90~150 nm的具有核壳结构的Fe3O4-TiO2-MCM-41光催化剂复合颗粒,采用透射电镜、X射线衍射、X射线光电子能谱等手段对样品进行表征,并对该催化剂的光催化性能进行测试。结果表明:所制备的磁性分子筛催化剂在紫外光下对苯酚的降解率达94.12%,对重金属离子Cr6+的吸附能达到95.05%。     

磁性核壳Fe3O4/P(GMA-DVB)-SH-Au复合催化剂的制备及催化性能

首先通过水热法合成了单分散空心Fe3O4磁球,之后利用蒸馏沉淀聚合将P(GMA-DVB)聚合物层包覆在Fe3O4磁球表面形成Fe3O4/P(GMA-DVB)核壳结构,巯基化处理后吸附Au纳米粒子,得到磁性核壳Fe3O4/P(GMA-DVB)-SH-Au复合催化剂。利用TEM,SEM,FTIR,XRD,TGA,VSM及UV-vis对其进行表征,并考察该催化剂在催化还原4-硝基苯酚反应中的催化性能。结果表明合成的材料粒径均匀,球形度规整,核壳结构明显,在催化反应中,Fe3O4/P(GMA-DVB)-SH-Au表现出优异的催化性能,而且经过连续8次循环使用后,催化效率仍可保持80%以上。     

聚偏氟乙烯膜的Fenton氧化改性研究

采用Fenton试剂对聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)膜进行氧化改性,研究了[H2O2]/[Fe2 ]及温度对超滤膜性能的影响,测定了改性前后超滤膜的纯水渗透通量、截留性能、膜表面亲水性、耐污染性性能及红外光谱.结果表明,随着[H2O2]/[Fe2 ]比值的增大,纯水渗透通量由纯PVDF膜的26.7L/(m2·h)提高到103.2L/(m2·h),膜表面水接触角由75°降为58.5°,黏附功由91.64mN/m提高到110.84mN/m.温度升高利于改性.[H2O2]/[Fe2 ]比值为12时,红外光谱图中出现了C=C双键及O-H键的伸缩振动特征峰,膜阻力增大系数m由纯PVDF膜的1.049减小到0.448,膜的耐污染性能得到明显改善.     

复印显影剂用Fe3O4的表面改性

Fe3O4是亲水的,为了使其用于显影剂中,必须进行表面改性.选择油酸钠对Fe3O4进行改性,用SEM、IR、TG和XPS对Fe3O4改性前后的形貌和结构进行表征.结果表明,油酸钠使Fe3O4由亲水性变为疏水性,有效改善其与显影剂单体的润湿性.温度、时间、pH和油酸钠用量是影响润湿性的主要因素.油酸钠对Fe3O4的吸附为单分子层的化学吸附,符合Langmuir吸附等温式,饱和吸附量为0.94×10-5mol/m2,吸附自由能为-29.49kJ/mol.磁性能分析表明,改性后磁性能基本无变化.     

超声辅助磁性纳米Fe3O4粒子表面有机改性研究

采用超声粉碎分散团聚磁性纳米Fe3O4粒子,用油酸对分散好的磁性粒子表面进行改性.结果表明,在纳米Fe3O4中油酸用量为0.5mL、超声次数为15次、每次2min、间隔时间为15s、pH值为7.5的条件下,改性效果最好,改性指数为0.87.红外光谱分析证明,油酸通过-COOH的"均化"与纳米Fe3O4粒子的表面结合实现了包覆改性,无分解和其它化学反应发生,改性效果良好.     

Deposition and Magnetic Properties of Fe3O4/Fe/Fe3O4Tri-layer Films

1. IntroductionIron oxides include several crystalline forms:hematite (or-FeZO3), magnetite (Fe3O4), maghemite(7-Felon) and wustite (FeO). They have interesting structural and magnetic properties, and are practically important in magnetic and electronic applications. The strongly ferrimagnetic 7--FeZO3 phaseearned much attention due to their applications asrecording media. The attainment of 7-FeZO3 involves complicated processing[1]. In our previousstudies, high coercivity 7-FeZO3, Fe3…     

Fe3Al金属间化合物的研究

本项目在Ｆｅ３Ａｌ的加工工艺和用合金化改善Ｆｅ３Ａｌ的性能上取得了重大进展。目前已形成了具有不同特性的Ｆｅ３Ａｌ基合金的成分配方系列，以及可以制备各种Ｆｅ３Ａｌ型材和大型铸锭和段坯的工艺路及完整的工艺参数。     

Fe3Si formation in Fe–Si diffusion couples

Two different types of bulk diffusion couples for the Fe–Si system, i.e. Fe/Si and Fe/Fe3Si, have been studied, with emphasis placed on the formation and growth of Fe3Si. Results indicate that Fe3 Si forms initially in Fe/Si couples, followed by FeSi and then FeSi2. Fe3Si has a wide range of stoichiometry, from 10–25 at% Si; however, only stoichiometric Fe3Si appeared in Fe3Si diffusion layers of Fe/Si couples. Off-stoichiometric Fe3Si formed in Fe3Si/Fe couples. The free energy of Fe3Si and Fe–Si affinity are used to explain Fe3Si formation behaviour and the atomic diffusion mechanism in the Fe3Si lattice. © 1998 Kluwer Academic Publishers     

Hot corrosion of Fe3Al

The oxidation and hot corrosion behavior of the binary iron aluminide, Fe-25Al (at.%), has been studied at 1100 K, 1225 K and 1330 K. Hot corrosion studies were conducted by coating the specimen surfaces with 2.5 ± 0.2 mg/cm² of Na₂SO₄ prior to exposure in pure oxygen. Parabolic rate constants were obtained from weight gain data. The faster kinetics in the initial stages of oxidation have been related to the formation of -Al₂O₃ and the slower kinetics in the later stages of oxidation, to the formation of -Al₂O₃. The overall rate of hot corrosion was higher than that of oxidation at all the temperatures. The presence of -Fe₂O₃ in addition to alumina was indicated by XRD analysis of the scales present on the surface of the samples after hot corrosion. FTIR spectra from the spalled scales in hot corrosion divulged the presence of -Al₂O₃, -Fe₂O₃ and sulfate. Cross-sectional microscopy revealed that the metal-scale interfaces were pitted in hot corrosion conditions and the pits contained aluminum sulfide. Sulfides were also identified along the grain boundaries in the intermetallic near the scale-metal interface. The hot corrosion process has been explained based on sulfide formation and its subsequent oxidation.     

纳米Fe_3O_4/Fe复合磁流变液的流变性

用化学共沉淀法合成了纳米Fe3O4粒子,平均二次粒径为51.2nm,比表面积为109.6m2/g。以合成的纳米Fe3O4粒子与羰基铁粉复合配制了纳米复合磁流变(MR)液,并测定了其流变性。结果显示:纳米复合MR液对温度比较稳定;复合MR液在接近零场的低磁场强度下表现为牛顿流体,随着磁场强度提高转变为非牛顿流体;反复加载或撤除磁场,具有"开/关"特性,响应迅速,施加磁场时的响应时间Δt约为50～100ms,撤退磁场时约为100～150ms。     

Deciphering the potentiodynamic polarization curves of iron aluminides Fe3Al and Fe3Al + Cr

The potentiodynamic polarization curves of Fe₃Al and Fe₃Al + Cr intermetallics obtained in aerated pH 4 H₂SO₄ acidic solution have been theoretically analyzed. The role of chromium in minimizing the hydrogen embrittlement (HE) of the intermetallic Fe₃Al (resulting in its poor ductility) has been addressed based on the analysis. In the case of the chromium-alloyed iron aluminide, calculations indicate that hydrogen liberation does not occur on the surface due to the shift of the corrosion mixed potential to a value nobler than the electrode potential for the hydrogen evolution reaction. This shift occurs due to the induction of passivity on alloying with Cr resulting in the formation of a passive film. The minimization of HE of iron aluminides on alloying with Cr can thus be understood.     

Hall-Petch behaviour of stoichiometric Fe3Al

Abstracts are not published in this journal This revised version was published online in November 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Magnetoresistance of rolled-up Fe3Si nanomembranes

Magnetotransport of individual rolled-up Fe(3)Si nanomembranes is investigated in a broad temperature range from 4.2 K up to 300 K in pulsed magnetic fields up to 55?T. The observed magnetoresistance (MR) has the following pronounced features: (i) MR is negative in the investigated intervals of temperature and magnetic field; (ii) its magnitude increases linearly with the magnetic field in a low-field region and reveals a gradual trend to saturation when the magnetic field increases; (iii) the MR effect becomes more pronounced with increasing temperature. These dependences of MR on the magnetic field and temperature are in line with predictions of the spin-disorder model of the spin-flip s-d interaction assisted with creation or annihilation of magnons, which is expected above a certain critical temperature. Comparison of the MR features in rolled-up and planar samples reveals a substantial increase of the critical temperature in the rolled-up tube, which is attributed to a new geometry and internal strain arising in the rolled-up nanomembranes, influencing the electronic and magnetic properties of the material.     

Fe/GaN、Fe3N/GaN的生长及其性能研究

应用金属有机物化学气相沉积(MOCVD)方法,在c轴取向的GaN上生长出Fe颗粒薄膜以及Fe3N薄膜。应用XRD、AFM、XPS以及SQUID等技术对薄膜的结构、表面形貌以及磁学性能等性质进行了分析,结果表明六方结构的GaN上生长的Fe为立方结构,且以Fe(110)//GaN(0002)晶面以及Fe[001]//GaN[11■0]轴的方式存在,而生长的Fe3N为六方结构,且以Fe3N(0002)//GaN(0002)晶面以及Fe3N[11■0]//GaN[1ī00]轴的方式存在。同时,磁学分析表明,平行于薄膜方向为易磁化方向,垂直于薄膜方向为难磁化方向。