不同稀土元素掺杂对钛酸钡陶瓷导电性的影响

采用溶胶－凝胶法制备了１４种稀土掺杂的ＢａＴｉＯ３超细粉体（ＲＥ＝Ｙ，Ｌａ，Ｃｅ，Ｐｒ，Ｎｄ，Ｓｍ，Ｅｕ，Ｇｄ，Ｔｂ，Ｄｙ，Ｈｏ，Ｅｒ，Ｙｂ，Ｌｕ），用一般陶瓷工艺将这些超细粉体分别烧成了１４种稀土掺杂的ＢａＴｉＯ３陶瓷，测得了这些陶瓷体的电阻率并对Ｅｕ和Ｙｂ掺杂的ＢａＴｉＯ３陶瓷成绝缘体的原因进行了初步讨论。     

Extraction of Am(III) and Rare-Earth Elements from Nitric Acid Solutions with (Diphenylphosphinylmethyl)phenylphosphinic Acid

Extraction of microamounts of Am, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu nitrates from aqueous HNO₃ with solutions of (diphenylphosphinylmethyl)phenylphosphinic acid in dichloroethane was studied. The stoichiometry of the extractable complexes was determined. Synergistic enhancement of the extraction of rare-earth elements in the presence of tetraphenylmethylenediphosphine dioxide was revealed.     

Extraction of Rare-Earth Elements from Nitric Acid Solutions with Ethylenediphosphine Dioxides

Extraction of microamounts of Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu from HNO₃ aqueous solutions with ethylenediphosphine dioxides in organic diluents was studied. The effect of the dioxide structure on its extractive power and selectivity was considered. The stoichiometry of extractable solvates was determined.     

On atoms charge states in RBa2Cu3Ox high-temperature superconductors

The distribution of charge states of all atoms in the unit cell of RBa₂Cu₃O_x; x=6,7 (R = Yb, Er, Ho, Y, Gd, Eu, Sm, Nd, Pr) is determined on the basis of comparison of the theoretical calculated electric field gradient tensor and existing experimental data. The variation of the charge states of the atoms as a function of the ionic radius is analyzed.     

Extraction of Am(III) and Rare-Earth Elements from Nitric Acid Solutions with Dibutyl Diphenylphosphinylmethylphosphonate

Extraction of HNO₃ and trace amounts of Am, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu nitrates from aqueous HNO₃ with solutions of dibutyl diphenylphosphinylmethylphosphonate in dichloroethane was studied. The stoichiometry of the extractable solvates was determined, and the apparent extraction constants were calculated.     

Recovery of rare-earth elements from nitric acid solutions by fullerene black impregnated with diphenyl(dibutylcarbamoylmethyl)phosphine oxide

The distribution of microamounts of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and Y nitrates between aqueous HNO₃ solutions and fullerene black impregnated with diphenyl(dibutylcarbamoylmethyl)phosphine oxide (L) was studied. The influence exerted on the efficiency of REE recovery by the HNO₃ concentration in the aqueous phase and concentration of L in the sorbent phase was examined. The degree of REE recovery increases on adding HClO₄ to the aqueous phase.     

Extraction of rare-earth elements from nitric acid solutions with bis(dioctylphosphinylmethyl)phosphinic acid

The distribution of microamounts of La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and Y nitrates between aqueous HNO₃ solutions and solutions of bis(dioctylphosphinylmethyl)phosphinic acid in organic diluents was studied. The stoichiometry of the extractable complexes was determined, and the diluent effect on the efficiency of extraction of rare-earth elements from nitric acid solutions was examined. Addition of a neutral solvating component, tetraphenylmethylenediphosphine dioxide, to the organic phase enhances the extraction of rare-earth elements, exerting a synergistic effect.     

Extraction of Am and Rare-Earth Elements from Nitric Acid Solutions with Ethyl Bis(diphenylphosphinylmethyl)phosphinate

Extraction of HNO₃ and microamounts of Am, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and Y from HNO₃ solutions with solutions of ethyl bis(diphenylphosphinylmethyl)phosphinate in dichloroethane was studied. The stoichiometry of the extractable complexes was determined, and the effective extraction constants of HNO₃ and Am were calculated. With increasing number of phosphoryl groups in the extractant molecule, the extraction of Am(III) and rare-earth elements from HNO₃ solutions increases.     

High entropy(Yb_(0.25)Y_(0.25)Lu_(0.25)Er_(0.25))_2SiO_5 with strong anisotropy in thermal expansion

A novel high entropy(HE) rare earth monosilicate(Yb0.25Y0.25Lu0.25Er0.252 SiO5 was synthesized by solid-state reaction method.X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analysis indicate that a single solid solution is formed with homogeneous distribution of rare-earth elements.HE(Yb0.25Y0.25Lu0.255 Er0.252 SiO5 exhibits excellent phase stability and anisotropy in thermal expansion.The coefficients of thermal expansion(CTEs) in three crystallographic directions are:αa=(2.57±0.07)×10^-6 K^-1,αb=(8.07±0.13)×10^-6 K^-1,αc=(9.98±0.10)×10^-6 K^-1.The strong anisotropy in thermal expansion is favorable in minimizing the coating/substrate mismatch if preferred orientation of HE(Yb0.25Y0.25Lu0.25Er0.252 SiO5 is controlled on either metal or ceramic substrate.     

污泥样品中稀土元素的检测方法研究

取稀土工业园区的污水处理设施和受影响河流的的污泥样品,分别采用三种样品预处理方法(敞开式酸溶法、石墨加热消解和微波消解法)进行对比研究,结果表明:石墨消解法前处理污泥样品后,使用ICP-MS测定其中稀土元素(Y、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Sm、Eu、Gd、Tb、Dy、Ho、Er、Tm、Yb、Lu),其方法简便快捷,检出限低,准确度好。     

Extraction of Rare-Earth Elements and Americium from Nitric Acid Solutions with Polyphosphine Oxides

Extraction of HNO₃ and microamounts of Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and Am from solutions of NH₄NO₃ and HNO₃ with solutions of polyphosphine oxides containing o-oxyphenylenemethylene fragments in dichloroethane was studied. The stoichiometry of the extractable complexes was determined, and the apparent extraction constants were calculated. As the number of phosphoryl groups in the extractant molecule is increased, the extraction of cerium-group lanthanides increases and that of yttrium-group lanthanides decreases.     

Hydrothermal phase equilibria studies in Ln2O3H2O systems and synthesis of cubic lanthanide oxides

Phase diagrams for the systems Ln₂O₃H₂O (Ln = La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Lu and Y) studied at 5000 to 10,000 psi and temperature range of 200–900°C, show that Ln(OH)₃ hexagonal and LnOOH monoclinic are the only stable phases from Nd to Ho. The cubic oxide phase (CLn₂O₃) is stable for systems of Er, Tm, Yb and Lu, with no evidence of its equilibrium in the systems of lighter lanthanides. Using strong acids, HNO₃ and HCOOH, as mineralisers the cubic oxides could be stabilised from Eu down to Lu. Solid solution phases of CeO₂Y₂O₃ and Eu₂O₃Y₂O₃ have also been synthesised with HNO₃ as mineraliser, since these compounds have promising use as solid electrolyte and phosphor materials respectively.     

One-step synthesis of highly water-soluble LaF(3):Ln(3+) nanocrystals in methanol without using any ligands

Water-soluble infrared-to-visible fluorescent LaF(3) nanocrystals doped with different lanthanide ions (Er(3+)/Yb(3+), Eu(3+), Nd(3+), Tb(3+)) have been synthesized in methanol without using any ligands. These nanocrystals are easily dispersed in water, producing a transparent colloidal solution. The colloids of the Er(3+)/Yb(3+), Eu(3+), Nd(3+), Tb(3+) doped nanocrystals exhibit strong luminescence in the visible and near-infrared spectral regions.     

Physicochemical properties of ZrF4-BaF2-LnF3 glasses (Ln=Y or rare-earth elements)

The influence of lanthanoid fluorides on physicochemical properties of fluorozirconate glasses has been examined on 60ZrF₄ · 30BaF₂ · 10LnF₃ glasses (Ln=Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Er, Tm, Yb or Lu). Physicochemical properties such as ion packing, hardness, molecular refraction, thermal stability and fluoride-ion conduction have been evaluated on the glasses by the density, refractive index, differential thermal analysis, thermomechanical analysis, Vickers hardness and electrical conductivity measurements. The variation of these properties with lanthanoid species and the relationships between them have been discussed to characterize lanthanoid fluoride-containing fluorozirconate glasses.     

Influence of Rare-Earth Elements on ElectricalProperties of Pd

The influence of RE (RE = La, Ce. Pr. Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd. Tb. Dy, Er, Yb) additives with dilute concentrations on the electrical properties of Pd has been studied. All RE elements increase the specific resistivity (ρ) and decrease the resistance temperature coefficient (α) of Pd. and (ρ.α) Pd-RE ls equal to (ρ· α)Pd.The RE elements before Gd reduce the thermo-emf of Pd on Cu. other heavy RE enhance the thermo-emf.The experimental data of normalized Pd-0.1 at.-%RE alloys indicate that the effect of light RE additives on the specific resistivity of Pd is larger than that of heavy RE and Ce. Eu and Yb show anomalous strong effect. The valence and atomic size are main factors influencing the electrical properties.     

Extraction of Am(III) and Lanthanides from Nitric Acid Solutions with Polyfunctional Organophosphorus Acids

Extraction of microamounts of Am, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu nitrates from aqueous HNO₃ with solutions of (diphenylphosphinylmethyl)phenylphosphinic, (di-p-tolylphosphinylmethyl)phenylphosphinic, (di-p-anisylphosphinylmethyl)phenylphosphinic, and (dioctylphosphinylmethyl)phenylphosphinic acids and of butyl hydrogen (diphenylphosphinylmethyl)phosphonate in toluene was studied. The metal : extractant ratio in the extractable species was determined.     

掺杂稀土LiNbO_3晶体的生长和光谱性质

在一致熔化的熔料里,用提拉法生长了 LiNbO_3∶TR(TR=Nd、Er、Er+Mg、Ho、Sm、Eu)单晶。测量了它们的吸收光谱和荧光光谱。     

A general aqueous sol-gel route to Ln(2)Sn(2)O(7) nanocrystals

This paper describes a general aqueous sol-gel route for the synthesis of a series of rare earth stannates, Ln(2)Sn(2)O(7) (Ln = Y, La, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu), with pure pyrochlore phase via the assistance of a cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) surfactant. The route involves first the formation of CTAB-inorganic lamellar structures and then their thermal decomposition at 800?°C to yield the pyrochlore Ln(2)Sn(2)O(7) nanocrystals. Techniques using a thermo-gravimetric/differential thermal analyzer (TG-DTA), x-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) as well as selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) have been employed to characterize the as-synthesized Ln(2)Sn(2)O(7) nanocrystals. Furthermore, photoluminescence (PL) of the 5% Eu(3+) activated Ln(2)Sn(2)O(7) nanocrystals and carbon monoxide catalytic oxidation over the as-obtained Ln(2)Sn(2)O(7) nanocrystals were investigated. The results indicate that the PL properties as well as the catalytic activity changes significantly with the ionic radii of the rare earth elements.     

XRD EPR studies of ceramics Pr0.5Re0.5Ba2Cu3O7−δ in the orthorhombic and tetragonal phase

EPR, XRD, and magnetic studies are presented for Pr_0.5Re_0.5Ba₂Cu₃O_7?δ compounds (Re= La, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Y, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu) in the orthorhombic and tetragonal (large oxygen deficiency) phase. For the samples with Re=Dy, Ho, Y, Er, Tm, Yb, and Lu in the orthorhombic phase, the transition to the superconducting state has been observed in the temperatures rangeT _c between 18 and 40 K. For the samples with Nd and Yb in the tetragonal phase, EPR spectra coming from trivalent rare earth ions have been recorded. In the nonoxygenated sample Pr_0.5La_0.5Ba₂Cu₃O_7?δ the EPR spectrum arising from the non-Kramers trivalent praseodymium ion has been observed. A broad EPR line appearing in all our samples was attributed to superexchange interaction between copper ions over oxygen (O ₂ ^? ) bridges. Interestingly, for the Pr_0.5Re_0.5Ba_0.5Cu₃O_7?δ (Re = Er and Lu) compounds in the tetragonal phase at liquid-nitrogen temperature, a nonresonant microwave absorption in low magnetic fields has been detected.     

双层吸波材料吸波特性研究

依据阻抗匹配原理与电磁波传播规律,设计了具有阻抗渐变结构的双层吸波材料.实验表明,匹配层对提高吸收率起着重要作用;需精确控制其吸波剂含量,以实现吸波效果.经测试:4#试样厚度为6mm,测试频段为8-18GHz,最大吸收峰值在14.1GHz(R=-28.14dB),R＜-10dB的频宽为6.7GHz;7#试样厚度为5.5mm,最大吸收峰值在9.6GHz(R=-27.48dB),R＜10dB的频宽为8.6GHz,R＜-15dB的频宽为7.6GHz;8#试样厚度为6mm,最大吸收峰值在16.8GHz(R=-24.24dB),R＜-10dB的频宽为8.6Hz.该结果具有一定工程应用价值.