节杆菌β-1,3葡聚糖内切酶的分离纯化与特性研究

通过硫酸铵沉淀、阴离子交换层析和柱层析从节杆菌（Arthrobacter sp．）粗酶制剂分离纯化得到β-1,3葡聚糖内切酶。经SDS凝胶电泳和柱层析测得纯化酶为单体酶,分子量为32．5kDa;纯化酶N末端的10个氨基酸序列为APGDLLWSDE,在pH5～8之间稳定,最适pH6．5,最适温度55℃,但50℃以上失活很快。纯化酶对昆布4,5,6,7糖及昆布多糖底物的米氏常数分别为0．12,0．11,0．067,0．066mM和0．16mg／mL,也可水解热凝胶和地衣多糖,葡糖苷内切酶H（Streptomyces griseus）不能分解它,证明该酶不含糖基。该酶属于糖基水解酶16族系。     

青霉P-1007酸性蛋白酶酶学性质及其固体发酵条件的初步研究

青霉P-1007产胞外酸性蛋白酶，其酶活可达1500u／g。该酶的最适温度为50℃，最适pH值为5．5；酶的pH稳定性和耐温性较好，在pH5．5，：50℃条件下保温8h，其相对酶活仍在83％以上；在pH值为5．5，60℃条件下水浴2h后，相对酶活为60％。不同金属盐对该酶酶活及不同氮源、碳源、温度、pH、含水量以及发酵时间对菌株产酶的影响试验结果表明：MnCl2，CuSO4均对该酶有激活作用，其他金属盐类对该酶有不同程度的抑制作用；添加黄豆粉（1％）和葡萄糖（1％）可使菌株产酶酶活分别提高71％和31％；培养温度为40℃以及培养基起始pH为7．0时产酶最高；含水量和发酵时间对产酶也有不同程度的影响。     

乳蛋白ACEI酶解工艺条件的研究

通过测定牛乳蛋白酶解液的ACE抑制活性，确定了蛋白酶水解牛乳蛋白产生ACE抑制肽（ACEI）的工具酶及其最佳酶解工艺备件。结果表明：在胰蛋白酶，蛋白酶A，蛋白酶M，肽酶R四种酶中，蛋白酶A为酶解牛乳蛋白制备ACEI工具酶；其最佳酶解工艺条件为温度50℃，pH值为7．0，酶用量为3％，底物浓度为5％，酶解时间10h，在该条件下得到的酶解液1C50为0.8987g／L；在最佳酶解工艺条件下得到的酶解液经柱层析分离，在2个较大洗脱峰处得到的ACEI活性较高，其抑制活性分别为84．98％和85．35％，相对分子质量分别为1340u和439u。     

高温紫链霉菌酸性耐热几丁质酶的纯化及性质研究

从高温紫链霉菌Z16发酵液中分离纯化得到一种酸性耐热几丁质酶,并对其酶学性质进行了研究。粗酶液经硫酸铵沉淀和离子交换层析纯化后得到电泳级纯酶,酶活力回收率为22．3％,纯化倍数为12．7倍,比活力由2．9U／mg提高到36．8U／mg。SDS—PAGE和凝胶过滤测定纯酶的分子量分别为41．6ku和40．8ku,表明该酶为单亚基蛋白。酶学性质测定结果表明,该几丁质酶为酸性酶,最适pH为4．0,在pH3．0～6．0时保持较高的酶活力。该几丁质酶的最适反应温度为60℃且具有较好的温度稳定性,在55℃和60℃时的半衰期分别为267min和132．9min。该几丁质酶能够水解胶体几丁质,水解产物主要为N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖和几丁二糖以及少量的几丁三糖。该酶优良的酶学特性使其具有广阔的工业应用前景。     

康氏木霉木聚糖酶酶学性质的研究

对1株康氏木霉（Trichoderma Koningii）发酵产木聚糖酶的酶学性质进行了研究。结果表明：该木聚糖酶的最适反应温度为65℃，酶反应最适反应pH为6．0；该酶在20-60℃范围内能保持80％以上的酶活，在pH3．0-10．0的范围内能保持85％以上的酶活；金属离子Ba^2＋、Fd^2＋、Al^3＋，12mmol／L的Cu^2＋和Fe^3＋对木聚糖酶的活性有抑制作用，而Ca^2＋，Zn^2＋和4mmol／L Cu^2＋等金属离子对该酶反应则有促进作用。     

鸭梨多酚氧化酶的特性及抑制剂研究

以邻苯二酚为底物，采用分光光度法在420nm处测定鸭梨多酚氧化酶（PPO）的活性，研究了不同底物、温度、pH值和底物浓度对其活性的影响，并建立了酶促褐变反应动力学方程，探讨了柠檬酸、EDTA、亚硫酸氢钠和抗坏血酸四种抑制剂对鸭梨酶促褐变的抑制效果。结果表明，鸭梨多酚氧化酶的最适底物为邻苯二酚，最适温度为30℃，最适pH为6．6；酶促褐变反应动力学符合米氏方程所描述的单底物酶促反应动力学，以邻苯二酚为底物的动力学参数Km=0．333mol／L，Vmax=0．089U／min。相应的动力学方程为v=0．089[S]／（0．333＋[S]；四种物质对该酶均表现出不同的抑制作用，抑制效果为：抗坏血酸〉EDTA〉柠檬酸〉亚硫酸氢钠。     

金龟子绿僵菌(Metarhizium anisopliae Ma83)几丁质酶的纯化及性质

由金龟子绿僵茵Ma83菌株产生的几丁质酶经硫酸铵盐盐析,Sephadex G-100柱层析,DEAE-纤维素柱层析分离纯化后,得到SDS-PAGE均一样品.酶的最适反应温度为50℃,半失活温度为65℃;酶的最适反应pH值为5.0,酶在pH4.0～7.0范围内较稳定.Ag+、Co2+、K+、Mg2+对Ma83几丁质酶有激活作用,而Hg2+、Zn2+、Pb2+对几丁质酶活力有抑制作用.经计算Ma83菌株几丁质酶对胶体几丁质的Km值为1.05 mg/mL.     

奶油黄嘌呤氧化酶的酶学性质研究

利用反向高效液相色谱（RP-HPLC）测定该酶产物尿酸的生成量,研究黄嘌呤氧化酶的酶学特性。结果表明,在50mmol／L Tris—HCI缓冲液和O．24mmol／L黄嘌呤的体系中,该酶检测反应的最适温度为37℃,最适pH8．4。XOD在pH7．O～9．0,40℃以下稳定,对黄嘌呤的Km值为0．043mmol／L。XOD酶激活剂包括水杨酸钠、半胱氨酸、组胺、硫酸铵、乙二胺四乙酸等。金属离子对其活性有抑制作用。低浓度表面活性剂Tween80、SDS和TritonX．100对该酶活力影响不明显。关键词：黄嘌呤氧化酶;酶学特性;稳定性     

一株产几丁质酶渤海丝状真菌（Alternariatenuissima）的筛选及鉴定

以渤海湾水域获得的52株丝状海洋真菌为出发菌株,通过平板透明圈法和发酵液酶活性测定,从中筛选出一株产几丁质酶活力较高的海洋真菌mTJ04-1．1,结合形态学方法和18SrDNA．ITS序列分析对其进行鉴定,确定该菌为极细链格孢霉（AltemariatenuissimamTJ04-1-1）。该菌能在以几丁质为唯一碳源的平板上生长并产生明显透明圈,透明圈与菌落直径的比值（D／d）达N2．81。对发酵液几丁质酶活力分析结果表明,该酶最适反应温度为45℃,最适pH值为6．5,最适条件下酶活性可达3．2U／mL。     

重组葡萄糖脱氢酶酶学性质研究

葡萄糖脱氢酶可用于高纯度低聚果糖和葡萄糖酸钙的生产，一种重组葡萄糖脱氢酶表达、纯化后，对该酶酶学性质进行了研究。最适反应pH值8．4，最适反应温度37℃，在温度低于45℃条件下，酶活力稳定性好。在最适温度和pH条件下，以葡萄糖为底物时葡萄糖脱氢酶的米氏常数Km=20．09mmol／L，以烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸磷酸（NADP）为底物时的米氏常数Km=0．10mmol／L。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press