分子印迹技术的研究与应用

分子印迹技术是一种制备具有分子识别功能的聚合物的新技术,介绍了分子印迹技术的基本原理与印迹聚合物的制备方法,综述了该技术在传感器、色谱、固相萃取、药物手性分离方面的研究与应用,并对未来的发展方向进行了展望。     

分子印迹聚合物的制备与应用进展

本文主要介绍了分子印迹技术的基本原理和印迹聚合物的制备方法,综述了分子印迹技术在化学传感器、色谱、手性分离等方面的研究以及在环境检测、食品安全中的应用,并对该技术未来的发展方向进行了展望。     

分子印迹聚合物的制备及其应用

分子印迹技术（MIT）是一种制备对目标分子具有预定选择性的聚合材料的技术。其制备过程包括3个步骤：一是使目标分子（即印迹分子，模板分子）与特定功能单体通过共价或非共价作用形成复合物。二是在复合物中加入交联剂，使其在复合物周围与功能单体发生聚合，得到高度交联的聚合材料。三是用物理或化学方法将模板分子从聚合物中取出，该聚合物（即分子印迹聚合物，简称MIP）中便产生与模板分子的形状、大小和官能团的固定排列匹配的印迹孔穴，对模板分子具有”记忆”能力。     

分子印迹技术基础及部分应用

从分子印迹技术的基本原理,分子印迹聚合物制备过程中所用到的技术条件等方面,较系统地综述了分子印迹技术的基础。介绍了几种新型分子印迹材料的合成及传感器中分子印迹技术等的研究进展和该技术在手性识别检测以及表面分子印迹技术方面的应用。     

分子印迹聚合物制备与应用

分子印迹作为制备对某一特定的分子 (印迹分子或模板分子 )具有特异性识别的聚合物的过程 ,在分离分析、仿生传感器和模拟酶催化等方面具有重要的应用前景。介绍了分子印迹技术的基本原理、分子印迹聚合物的制备和特性、分子印迹技术的应用场合及发展趋势     

分子印迹模板分子类型研究进展

综述了模板分子的选择概况,包括有机小分子、生物大分子、细胞和病毒、无机离子和虚拟模板分子,并对模板分子的局限性做了详细介绍,以期对分子印迹技术的发展提供一些参考。     

分子印迹聚合物微球的制备及应用进展

评述了分子印迹原理、分子印迹聚合物微球的制备技术以及一些制备新方法，并对其应用领域作了较为详细地介绍。     

分子印迹膜的制备及应用研究

本文以阿特拉津为模板分子,a-甲基丙烯酸为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂,在尼龙微孔滤膜上聚合制备了对阿特拉津具有特异性识别的分子印迹膜。将此膜固定于电极头,制成分子印迹敏感电极,具有较好的选择性和相对较宽的线性范围,阿特拉津的浓度从2×10-sM到2×10-4M,都能取得一定响应,当目标物质的浓度达到2×10-5M以上时,响应值明显增大,响应时间在200S以内。     

分子印迹技术的应用进展

综述了分子印迹技术在化学反应和提取分离中的应用,并对其面临的问题及应用前景进行了展望.     

分子印迹技术在四环素类抗生素处理中的应用进展

总结了分子印迹与膜分离、光催化、固相萃取技术结合处理废水和食品中的四环素的研究进展,以及分子印迹技术取代传统检测技术检测四环素的应用。讨论了当前分子印迹技术在处理四环素中存在的问题,并对未来发展趋势进行了展望。     

Preparation of ordered macroporous cinchonine molecularly imprinted polymers and comparative study of their structure and binding properties with traditional bulk molecularly imprinted polymers

Three‐dimensionally ordered macroporous molecularly imprinted polymers (MMIPs) were prepared by a combination of the colloidal crystal template method and the molecular imprinting technique. Traditional bulk molecularly imprinted polymers (BMIPs) were simultaneously synthesized with the same recipe as the MMIPs by using methacrylic acid as functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as crosslinker and chloroform as porogen. SEM and Brunauer ? Emmett ? Teller measurements show that MMIPs have a more regular macroporous structure, a narrower macropore distribution and a greater surface area and porosity compared with BMIPs. The isothermal and kinetic data of both polymers can be fitted with the Freundlich model and a pseudo‐second‐order equation, respectively. Their specificities to the template molecules are also similar. However, the binding capability, adsorption rate coefficient and internal effective diffusion coefficient of the MMIPs are higher than for the BMIPs when the particle size is above 54 µm. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry     

呋喃唑酮代谢物分子印迹聚合物的合成及其酶联免疫吸附检测方法的建立

使用分子印迹技术,在96孔酶标板上直接合成了一种可以代替生物抗体的新型呋喃唑酮代谢物(AOZ)人工抗体,并与化学免疫发光法结合。结果表明,制得的酶标板对AOZ的灵敏度为0.008μg/L,批内变异系数为2.4%～3.6%,批内回收率为94%～110%。与SEM、AMOZ、AHD的特异性交叉反应率均小于1.0%,灵敏度高于市售ELISA商品试剂盒的0.02μg/L,同时在精密度、回收率、特异性方面无明显差异,并且可以重复使用。     

Preparation of molecularly imprinted polymers in supercritical carbon dioxide

Molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles were prepared in supercritical carbon dioxide using a noncovalent imprinting approach. In the present work, propranolol was used as a model template, methacrylic acid as a functional monomer, and divinylbenzene as a crosslinker. Under a high dilution condition, the heterogeneous polymerization resulted in discrete crosslinked polymer nanoparticles. Compared with the nonimprinted polymers, the imprinted nanoparticles displayed much higher propranolol uptake in a low polarity organic solvent. The use of a single enantiomer (S)‐propranolol as the template clearly demonstrated that the imprinted binding sites are chiral‐selective, with a cross‐reactivity towards (R)‐propranolol of less than 5%. The overall binding performance of the imprinted nanoparticles was comparable to imprinted polymers prepared in conventional organic solvents. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 2863–2867, 2006     

Preparation and evaluation of a molecularly imprinted polymer for tolazoline

A uniformly sized molecularly imprinted polymer for the peripheral vasodilator drug tolazoline (T‐MIP) was prepared, and a nonimprinted polymer (NIP) was also synthesized in the same way but in the absence of the template. The T‐MIP was prepared with methylacrylic acid as functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate as crosslinker by a multistep swelling and polymerization method. These imprinted materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption, and static adsorption experiments. Binding studies were also performed to evaluate the uptake of T‐MIP and NIP with the results that T‐MIP had a significantly higher binding capacity for tolazoline (T) than did NIP. The maximum static adsorption capacities of T‐MIP and NIP for T were 78.9 and 38.8 μmol/g, respectively. The T‐MIPs and NIPs were used as stationary phases of solid‐phase extraction (SPE), and a relative selectivity coefficient (k′) value of 5.21 was obtained, which showed that the T‐MIP sorbent had higher selectivity than the NIP sorbent. The method was applied to the determination of T in urine samples. The prepared polymer sorbent showed promise for SPE for gas chromatography determination of T in urine samples. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

基于壳聚糖的分子印迹聚合物的制备和应用

壳聚糖具有良好的生物相容性和独特的分子结构,基于其制备的分子印迹聚合物因亲和性和选择性高、应用范围广等特点引起了广泛的关注。本文首先总结了壳聚糖和改性壳聚糖在分子印迹聚合物制备中的作用,然后介绍了壳聚糖分子印迹聚合物在环境污染治理、医药、蛋白质分离与识别、手性物质分离以及吸附功能成分等方面的应用,分析了壳聚糖分子印迹聚合物在各个应用领域的优缺点及发展方向。最后,从发展绿色分子印迹技术以及分子印迹技术与电化学传感器结合等层面对壳聚糖分子印迹聚合物的应用前景进行了展望。     

Preparation and characteristics of a dummy molecularly imprinted polymer for phenol

A dummy molecularly imprinted polymers (DMIP) for phenol was synthesized by a thermal polymerization method with acrylamide as the functional monomer, ethylene dimethacrylate as the crosslinker, 2,2‐azobisisobutyronitrile as the free‐radical initiator, acetonitrile as the porogenic solvent, and sulfadiazine, a phenol analogue, as the template. In comparison to other adsorbents, the synthesized DMIP showed a higher capacity and rate of adsorption. The adsorption amount of the DMIP adsorbents for phenol reached 6.09 ± 0.15 mg/g, and the adsorption rate of the DMIP was about 0.406 ± 0.01 mg g^?1·min^?1. The results indicate that the Freundlich model fit the adsorption model of DMIP for phenol. The adsorption model of DMIP for phenol was multilayer adsorption. This showed that the DMIP synthesized by bulk polymerization could be used as a novel adsorbent for the removal of phenol from contaminated water. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 2013     

Preparation of molecularly imprinted polymer films on monodisperse macromolecular beads

A new and facile technique for preparing homogeneous and highly selective molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) films on porous monodisperse poly‐(glycidyl methacrylate‐co‐ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) beads (P_GMA‐EDMA beads) has been described: before polymerization, initiator was immobilized on the P_GMA‐EDMA beads' surface by chemical reactivity; then functional monomers and crosslinkers were initiated by the surface‐bound initiator and copolymerized to form MIPs films on the P_GMA‐EDMA beads' surface in the presence of template molecules. The resulting beads were analyzed by FTIR spectroscopy and X‐ray photoelectron spectra. The effects of the initiator amount and copolymerization time on the content of MIPs, and MIPs contents on morphologies and pore properties of the resulting beads were investigated. The results show that the content of MIPs can be adjusted by changing initiator amount or by controlling copolymerization time. The binding experiments indicate that, at lower grafting level, with the increase of MIPs content, the adsorption and recognition capabilities of the resulting beads enhance. When MIPs content increase to 16.75%, the highest adsorption and recognition capabilities are obtained. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

石杉碱甲分子印迹聚合物的制备及缓释特性

石杉碱甲(Hup A)是从蛇足石杉中提取出来的可逆性乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂，对AD症具有良好的治疗效果。用分子印迹和沉淀聚合技术，以甲基丙烯酸为功能单体，乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸乙酯为交联剂成功制备石杉碱甲分子印迹聚合物（MIP）。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱，热重分析，扫描电子显微镜对印迹聚合物（MIP）进行了表征。通过静态吸附、动态吸附、体外释药和MTT等实验对MIP性能进行了评价。实验结果表明MIP对石杉碱甲存在特异性和非特异性两种结合位点。市售石杉碱甲片在1h内快速释放，累积释放率达90%以上，有明显的突释现象。而MIP在1h后释放平缓，在24h附近达到平衡，可以达到缓慢释放的效果。释放动力学符合Peppas模型，释放指数n=0.48，为非Fickian扩散机理。MIP生物相容性良好，L929小鼠成纤维细胞对MIP的细胞毒性数据显示，细胞存活率高于93%。     

Preparation and adsorption selectivity of rutin molecularly imprinted polymers

Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) for Rutin had been prepared through solution polymerization by redox initiation. The effects of monomers, crosslinker, initiators, polymerization time, and temperature on adsorption selectivity for Rutin were investigated and optimized. The structure and surface morphology of MIP were evaluated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. The synthesized MIP under the optimal conditions showed a specific recognition of Rutin from the mixture of Rutin and Isorhamnetin. And the maximal separation degree of Rutin was 5.0. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

温敏型分子印迹水凝胶的研究进展

近年来分子印迹技术发展迅速,以其高选择性、预定识别性等优点,在分离工程、化学传感器及模拟酶催化等领域均得到了广泛应用,但是其在水凝胶方面的研究却较少。将温敏水凝胶引入分子印迹技术制备温敏印迹水凝胶不仅能保持其特异识别性能,还赋予其对环境温度变化的响应性,使其对模板分子的识别具有温度可控性。本文简单介绍了温敏型分子印迹水凝胶的基本原理和制备方法,基于模板分子种类的不同,着重综述了温敏印迹凝胶在金属离子、有机小分子及生物蛋白方面的应用。同时对温敏印迹水凝胶的发展方向进行了展望,指出温敏印迹水凝胶将在物料分离、药物控释等领域表现出较好的应用前景。