负载敏感阀前补偿在工程机械中的应用研究

负载敏感阀前补偿技术已在工程机械领域得到了广泛的应用,而目前资料显示,大部分均集中在系统原理的分析上,基于工作参数的系统特性仿真较少。该文通过对负载敏感系统及阀前补偿阀的建模及仿真,分析了其主要特性参数对性能的影响,掌握了阀前压力补偿阀在负载敏感系统中的工作特性,并根据负载的变化分析了系统在非饱和流量状态下的系统特性,为负载敏感阀前补偿系统的设计和应用提供了技术参考和保障。     

负载敏感LUDV系统特性分析与研究

主要围绕负载敏感LUDV系统阀后补偿实现方式的工作原理和系统特性为研究对象,针对负载敏感LUDV系统在工程机械中的典型应用,通过建立负载敏感系统及阀后补偿阀的仿真模型,分析了系统在饱和、非饱和流量和变负载工况参数对系统性能的影响,掌握了阀后压力补偿阀在负载敏感系统中的工作特性,并根据负载的变化分析了系统在饱和与非饱和流量状态下的系统特性。     

负载敏感多路阀中二通压力补偿阀功能解析

负载敏感多路阀中的二通压力补偿阀,是负载敏感系统的主要液压元件之一。负载敏感多路阀主要产自德国力士乐公司、哈威公司和美国派克公司,本文以派克公司产品为例,对二通压力补偿阀在负载敏感系统中的功能进行解析。     

负载敏感阀前补偿系统原理分析

负载敏感技术广泛应用于工程机械领域,而实际使用中系统参数的调整及流量饱和现象一直为人们所关注。通过对负载敏感系统基本结构建模分析,得到了补偿阀弹簧压缩过程的负载敏感阀流量 压力关系曲线。基于负载敏感阀流量 压力关系,对负载敏感液压系统的工作原理进行分析,并着重对负载敏感系统的流量饱和现象展开研究,为工程机械负载敏感液压系统抗饱和设计提供理论指导。     

基于SimulationX的多路阀负载补偿阀建模分析

为研究与压力无关的流量分配系统(简称LUDV)中负载补偿阀的特性,在对LUDV系统深入研究的基础上,介绍了压力补偿阀在液压系统中的作用.在SimulationX环境下建立了仿真模型,并研究了负载补偿阀芯的节流槽型式及负载敏感油腔(LS腔)有无弹簧对响应速度的影响.结果表明,使用三角U形槽组合槽在响应速度和响应开始时间都较好;在LS腔添加弹簧一定程度上能影响响应扰动情况,但会降低响应速度.     

负载敏感抗流量饱和技术分析及仿真研究

针对普通负载敏感系统在泵流量饱和时出现流量优先供给轻负载而不按各换向节流阀开口面积分配流量的问题,通过对阀前与阀后压力补偿负载敏感系统进行比较分析,得出阀后补偿负载敏感系统具有抗流量饱和的作用,并在AMESim环境下对阀后补偿负载敏感系统建立仿真模型,仿真结果表明,阀后补偿压力负载敏感系统具有良好的控制性能,无论在何种工况,都能实现流量只按换向节流阀开口面积成比例分配而与负载无关,保证了复合动作的协调性。     

基于负载敏感系统的山地液压割草机工作回路研究

以基于负载敏感设计的山地液压割草机工作回路为研究对象,分析了该回路的工作原理,并通过AMESim平台建立负载敏感泵模型和整个工作回路的仿真模型,验证工作回路设计合理性。分析了该系统在变负载工况、变流量饱和工况下的性能,分析了阀后补偿在负载敏感中的抗饱和能力,分析了在负载敏感泵中的恒压阀与LS阀的右位通道上有无阻尼孔及该阻尼孔大小对系统的影响,仿真结果证实基于负载敏感理论设计的山地割草机工作回路系统是切实可行的,能为设计山地液压割草机提供理论支撑。     

基于流量计算法的抗流量饱和研究

阀前补偿负载敏感系统在流量饱和状态下,无法按各执行机构多路阀节流阀口开度成比例的分配流量,进而严重影响执行机构复合动作协调性,基于此,提出了一种基于流量计算的方法,用于实现系统的抗流量饱和。在此基础上,建立了抗流量饱和AMESim模型,并进行仿真研究。结果表明,阀前补偿负载敏感系统采用流量计算法后,在流量饱和时能按各执行机构多路阀节流阀口开度之比进行流量分配,保证了复合动作的协调性,为解决实际阀前补偿负载敏感系统的流量饱和问题提供理论参考。     

一种大流量小压差高效负载敏感多路阀特性分析与研究

阀后补偿型多路阀与负载敏感泵共同构成与负载无关的流量分配系统,常用于多执行机构的工程装备,但存在压力损失大,效率低的问题,并且通流能力较低,多在20 t以下机型上应用.该文通过试验方法研究了一种适用大流量的多路阀,结合该阀结构和系统原理,详细分析了该阀的工作原理,试验研究了该阀的内泄漏性能、压力损失性能、复合动作性能、...     

液压旋耕机工作装置负载敏感系统分析

根据液压旋耕机的工况特点,基于定流量阀后补偿负载敏感原理设计液压旋耕机的工作系统,分析该系统工作原理,采用AMESim平台搭建该工作装置负载敏感系统仿真模型,仿真分析该系统分别处于变负载工况、多路阀不同开口工况与流量饱和工况下的工作特性。由仿真可知,该负载敏感系统各执行机构所需流量主要取决于多路阀开口面积,与负载无关。且当系统发生流量饱和时,会根据多路阀前后压差按比例分配定量泵输出流量,使各执行机构独立地工作。证实了将负载敏感系统运用在旋耕机中,使旋耕机能够实现单泵驱动多个动作,实现升降液压缸与回转液压马达的复合动作,使其工作系统便于控制。     

气化炉三维扫描测量与数据处理

以德士古气化炉耐火砖的内壁蚀损检测设备为基础,对采集到的点云数据做了进一步处理.通过对数据的筛选和剔除,实现了数据点的平滑降噪细化和精简.然后利用点云对整、网格划分和分色显示等方法,最终完成了内壁腐蚀情况的三维建模.重点讨论了点云数据的预处理及后处理的方法,并根据内壁耐火砖的腐蚀阈值,提出了一种气化炉内壁腐蚀区域的识别与分割方法.对耐火砖的腐蚀分析、气化炉的生产与维修提供了可靠依据,并在工程应用中获得了一致认可.     

Mass spectrometry analysis of the influenza virus

The role of mass spectrometry to probe characteristics of the influenza virus, and vaccine and antiviral drugs that target the virus, are reviewed. Genetic and proteomic approaches have been applied which incorporate high resolution mass spectrometry and mass mapping to genotype the virus and establish its evolution in terms of the primary structure of the surface protein antigens. A mass spectrometric immunoassay has been developed and applied to assess the structure and antigenicity of the virus in terms of the hemagglutinin antigen. The quantitation of the hemagglutinin antigen in vaccine preparations has also been conducted that is of importance to their efficacy. Finally, the characterization and quantitation of antiviral drugs against the virus, and their metabolites, have been monitored in blood, serum, and urine. The combined approaches demonstrate the strengths of modern mass spectrometric methods for the characterization of this killer virus. [This article was published online 10 September 2008. An error was subsequently identified. This notice is included in the online and print versions to indicate that both have been corrected 7 November 2008.]     

THEORETICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE PRESSURE AND VACUUM CONTINUOUS CONTROL SYSTEM BASED ON HYBRID PUMP

A novel pressure and vacuum continuous control system, which adopts a hybrid pump as pressure and vacuum source, is presented. The mathematical model of the system is developed. The theoretical simulation and analysis on the system are implemented in order to study the relationships among the characteristics, parameters and working points of the system. The experimental investigations on the system characteristics are presented with the adoption of a fuzzy-PID controller. The simulation and experimental results indicate that the pressure and vacuum continuous control system based on hybrid pump has good dynamic and static performance, strong robustness and satisfactory adaptability to various system parameters. According to the results, system can successfully gain high accuracy and fast response signal. Also, the mathematical model of system is also testified by the experimental results.     

Structural organization of the cytoskeleton in SV40 human corneal epithelial cells cultured on nano- and microscale grooves

The basement membrane of human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs) has a three-dimensional nanoscale architecture, which includes pores, bumps and fibers that may influence cell-substrate adhesion and spreading in the overlying cells. We previously demonstrated that nano- and microscale groove and ridge patterns influence the morphological response and the adhesive response of HCECs to a nominal wall shear stress. Cell-substrate adhesion is mediated by adhesion receptors that bind to extracellular matrix components and anchor the cytoskeleton (CSK) of cells to extracellular elements. Here we investigate the CSK organization in SV40-transformed HCECs grown on nano- and microscale groove and ridge patterns. X-ray lithography was used to fabricate uniform groove and ridge patterns with features ranging in size from 200 nm to 2 microm grooves. Scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to investigate CSK structure and the distribution of -beta1 integrin adhesion receptors. CSK elements aligned with the patterns; however, the spatial organization of these elements was influenced by feature size. Larger CSK bundles lay on top of the ridges and ran parallel to the patterns, whereas smaller CSK bundles, whose width was proportional to the groove size, spanned the grooves. -Beta1 integrins co-localized with the CSK and had a higher density at the poles of aligned spindle-shaped cells. Differences in organization seen on the different topographical feature sizes may be indicative of differences in extracellular matrix organization. This may explain, in part, previous observations regarding the dependence of cell adhesive responses on the size of topographic features in the substrate.     

大惯性柔性负载电液牵引系统联合仿真研究

在钢坯修磨机中,需要用液压马达驱动卷筒,用钢丝绳牵引台车及大质量钢坯在水平导轨上进行往返运动.这种牵引装置是集液压、机械和控制计算机的综合系统,系统中含有柔性的钢丝绳环节,使系统的设计非常复杂和困难.为了获得优化的系统方案和运行特性,提出采用多学科的设计分析软件进行建模,利用接口程序进行联合仿真,完成设计工作的技术路线,这种研究方法能够实时获得负载惯性、钢丝绳柔性和负载力的大小,在仿真计算中可以实时考虑这些参数对控制特性的影响.介绍了运用AMESim和ADAMS软件对系统进行建模和联合仿真的全过程,对比分析了结构参数的影响,给出研究结果.     

基于刚柔耦合的高方平筛动力学建模与振动模态分析

针对高方平筛和其上固结的柔性吊杆组成的动力学系统,进行了刚柔耦合的动力学建模和振动模态分析。将筛体—偏重块系统和吊杆分别作为刚体和弹性的可变形体,建立了筛体稳态圆振动方程和吊杆悬臂梁力学模型,总结出系统固有频率的计算方法。在此基础上,采用有限元方法对系统进行了模态计算和动力学响应分析。结果表明,理论模型能够很好地反映筛体与吊杆之间的动力学耦合关系;以理论分析为基础的载荷和边界条件的设置,使有限元仿真结果较准确地模拟了系统实际的振动特性。     

不同因素对汽车传动离合器接合过程影响分析

离合器是汽车传动系统的重要组成部分,其接合过程直接影响到车辆起步性能和动力传递,并影响系统各单元的使用寿命。针对离合器接合过程的特点,对滑摩状态和接合状态进行动力学分析,建立系统的动力学模型;从滑摩功和冲击度两个方面对离合器接合过程进行评价,获取影响换挡品质的评价指标因素;根据动力模型和数学模型,基于Simulink建立离合器接合过程的分析模型;研究不同坡度及载重等因素对离合器接合过程中摩擦片的角速度、滑摩功及冲击度的影响,获取各因素的影响规律。结果可知:随着油门开度和油门变化率的逐渐增大,离合器接合角速度和接合时间都有所增大,接合过程产生的滑摩功也不断增多;随着起步坡度、载重的增大,离合器接合角速度逐渐减小,接合时间逐渐增大,接合过程产生的滑摩功也不断增多;分析过程和结果为此类设计提供参考。     

纵向脉冲作用下压电层合杆的动力分析

利用波动理论对自由端受瞬时纵向冲击力作用下的压电层合杆进行了动力分析,在截面平面假设下,建立了力电耦合下层合杆的波动方程;用Laplace变换方法对波动方程式进行求解,求得了位移和电势的解析表达式;给出了杆内不同时间段的位移场和电势场的传播规律以及它们之间的关系,讨论了弹性模量以及弹性层和压电层厚度比对波场传播速度、位移及电势的影响.计算结果表明:杆中电势沿高度方向为线性分布,纵向脉冲传播的速度随弹性模量的增大而增加,但随压电层的厚度增加而减小.     

计入柱塞套弹性变形的柱塞副摩擦与密封特性分析

综合考虑径向柱塞泵柱塞副粗糙表面接触和弹性变形,建立混合润滑状态下柱塞副弹流润滑理论分析模型,并结合有限差分法与有限单元法,基于MATLAB和ANSYS开展联合仿真,分析不同入口压力及凸轮转速下柱塞副弹性变形及表面形貌对摩擦与密封特性的影响。结果表明：柱塞套弹性变形对柱塞副微凸体接触影响显著,且影响程度与入口压力及凸轮转速有直接关系;弹性变形及表面形貌均在一定程度上影响摩擦功耗及泄漏量且弹性变形的影响更大;柱塞副摩擦与密封特性对工作条件较为敏感,随着入口压力或凸轮转速的增大,摩擦功耗、压差流量与剪切流量均有不同程度的增加。     

OPTIMIZING DESIGN OF MECHANICAL SELF-CENTERING DEVICE FOR SUSPENSION HEIGHT

Firstly, in view of the respective defects of existing self-centering devices for vehicle suspension height, the design scheme of the proposed mechanical self-centering device for suspension height is described. Taking the rear suspension of a certain light bus as a research example, the structures and parameters of the novel device are designed and ascertained. Then, the road excitation models, the performance evaluation indexes and the half-vehicle model are built, the simulation outputs of time and frequency domain are obtained with the road excitations of random and pulse by using MATLAB/Simulink software. So the main characteristics of the self-centering suspension are presented preliminarily. Finally, a multi-objective parameter design optimization model for the self-centering device is built by weighted sum approach, and optimal solution is obtained by adopting complex approach. The relevant choosing-type parameters for self-centering device components are deduced by using discrete variable optimal method, and the optimal results are verified and analyzed. So the performance potentials of the self-centering device are exerted fully in condition of ensuring overall suspension performances.