敏捷供需链的管理与决策

信息时代,市场的环境是一种不断改变与不可预测的混沌环境．敏捷供需链管理与 决策支持系统（ASCMS）是将产、供、销过程进行集成,形成一个协同（Synergy）的整体（ Holism）,实现企业与突变市场的混沌同步的信息系统．及时地发现风险与冲突、科学地处 理风险与协调冲突是获取供需链效益的关键．本文在分析ASCMS的问题空间及功能体系结构 的基础上,建立了敏捷供需链的管理与决策模型,提出一种基于规则的敏捷供需链冲突协调 模式,分析讨论了用于协调敏捷供需链冲突的规则制定的依据,支持敏捷供需链中的冲突分 析与协调．     

敏捷供需链中工作流管理系统的设计

过程管理是敏捷供需链的有效运作方式,工作 流管理系统是实现过程管理的有效手段．本文分析了敏捷供需链中过程的特征及其管理与控 制的机理,在工作流及分布式对象技术的基础上,讨论了系统的功能分布、信息分布、通讯 机制等问题,给出了工作流管理系统的结构、功能与实现形式,该系统可以有效地支持敏捷 供需链的优化运作．     

供需链管理中合同定量研究及其发展

描述了供需合同在供需链分布决策中所起的作用，分析了几种常用合同策略的激励机制及相互关系．从合同策略形式、供需链结构建模、市场需求建模、采购供应过程建模、信息建模5个方面对供需合同问题的研究进展作了总结．最后分析了当前该领域存在的不足，指出了今后可能的研究方向．     

通用供需链绩效评价系统框架的研究与实现*

从实施供需链绩效评价的目的出发,说明了进行供需链绩效评价的重要意义。从软件实现角度提出了供需链绩效评价系统的设计思路,阐述了其实现的方法,并对供需链评价后的优化建议的获取提出了一套算法。旨在建立一个完整的供需链绩效评价系统框架,在该领域具有一定的借鉴意义。     

XML在敏捷供需链信息流管理中的应用分析

敏捷供需链中的信息流存在着个性化、多样性、分布式和结构化等特点,在以往的敏捷供需链管理中,这些问题往往难以有效解决。随着XML技术的出现和发展,其结构化、可扩展等优点给敏捷供需链管理中优化信息流的有效实现带来了契机,该文将针对以上问题,对XML在敏捷供需链信息流管理中的应用进行分析,并提出相应的解决方案。     

协同是供需链管理的管理模式

Collaboration英文原意是:“协同是一种为了完成一项任务或事业,由多个个体或群体共同所做的努力”。它是一种操作层面上的概念,而不是软件本身的属性。从管理信息化的视野来看,协同主要针对的是供需链管理,而不是局限于企业内部。可以说,协同是供需链管理的管理模式。归纳起来,协同商务应当具备以下特点:借助Web建立和维护一个由员工、贸易伙伴、供应商和客户组成的相互交流的业务社团,这个社团可以是某个行业、行业中的一段产业链、供需链、或供需链中的某一段;使数据、信息、概念、知识、人力资源和业务流程能够动态地在社团内部实时分…     

区块链数据保密查询的不经意传输协议

在区块链数据存储与查询过程中,由于区块链的透明性和公开性,全网所有用户均有可能获取查询者的数据信息,存在泄漏查询者隐私数据的风险。采用区块链链上-链下存储思想,设计区块链数据存储模型,引入代理重加密机制,将存储者加密后的数据分布式存储在链下,将存储者发送的索引信息和Merkle树根哈希值存储在链上,确保了数据的完整性、可靠性和可验证性,并减少了区块链数据对存储资源的占用。利用椭圆曲线加密算法设计区块链数据保密查询的不经意传输协议,使得全网所有用户均无法获取查询者的数据信息,保护了区块链数据传输过程中查询者的隐私。分析结果表明,该协议中查询者完成一次区块链上的不经意传输仅需2n+2k+2次椭圆曲线乘法运算,相比于现有不经意传输协议具有存储空间小、计算复杂度低等优势,并且在相同长度的密钥下具有更高的安全性。     

“不要孤立地看待ERP”——陈启申谈ERP的发展和问题

“打破一个企业的四面墙，实现内外信息集成，管理整个供需链”的真实定义．不是真正的ERP。这种论点．会使一些不明真相的企业．在规划和选型上．误入歧途．不利于信息化建设。     

带有风险规避型销售商的供需链协调

以一个两阶段的供需链系统为背景，针对供需链上决策激励不一致和风险规避效应导致供需链低效的问题，研究了在实践中广泛应用的利益共享合同和批量折扣合同对供需链协调性的影响．证明了两种合同均可克服双重边际效应和风险规避效应，使得供需链协调．并给出了合同参数的设计方案，同时指出在实施上，利益共享合同需强制执行，批量折扣合同自动执行．     

应用区块链的数据访问控制与共享模型

数据已成为企业的重要资产.如何在企业内部对数据的访问权限进行有效控制、在企业之间安全共享数据一直是一个挑战.区块链中的分布式账本可以从某些方面解决上述问题,但是区块链所应用的非对称加密机制仅可进行一对一的安全传输,并不满足企业内部复杂的访问控制要求.提出一种应用区块链的数据访问控制与共享模型,利用属性基加密对企业数据进行访问控制与共享,达到细粒度访问控制和安全共享的目的.通过对比分析,该模型在安全性和性能上较好地解决了企业内部访问权限难控制、企业之间数据难共享的问题.     

供应链仿真系统的数据挖掘

本文针对供应链系统中缺乏数据积累、存在许多不确定因素及数据种类繁多的特点,提出采用建立供应链仿真模型,并通过仿真输出数据进行数据挖掘的思想。该思想帮助决策者既可以分析随机性因素对供应链系统的影响,又可分析影响供应链系统的各种因素的影响程度。     

Research on the Application of Essential Information Technology in Food Safety Supply Chain

I. INTRODUCTION Along with the economical rapid development and the living standard unceasing enhancement, the consumer request to food quality in a new stair, food consumption pattern has assumed multiplex development tendency, food demand pattern transforms into "the multi- varieties, guarantees safety". Food no longer only is essential item which satisfies life needs; the consumer attention to food from the quantity moves towards the credit level, food security problem appears. How doe…     

Guidelines for Collaborative Supply Chain System Design and Operation

Over the past decade, firms have adopted supply chain management as a critical element of their corporate strategies. Despite these efforts, it is our observation that many firms do not realize the anticipated benefits of constructing collaborative operating relationships with supply chain partners. Our purpose in this paper is to establish a set of guiding principles for the effective design and execution of supply chain systems. These principles suggest why, what, and how collaborative relationships should be constructed.While constructing and operating a competitive supply chain is the primary objective of supply chain management, we have observed several impediments to achieving this goal. First, demand uncertainty is so substantial in most supply chain environments that if it is not adequately addressed, it can severely degrade the anticipated performance of the supply chain as measured in terms of unit cost, speed, quality, and responsiveness to changing conditions. Second, supply chains with poor physical characteristics that operate with long and variable response times cannot take full advantage of collaborative relationships due to their inability to respond to changes in the environment. Third, firms with poor information infrastructures lack the capabilities necessary to acquire, store, manipulate, and transmit data effectively and quickly. Fourth, business processes are often not designed properly, both intra- and inter-organizationally, to adapt to evolving supply chain conditions. Finally, decision support systems and operating policies that guide day-to-day operating decisions may not be adequately designed to contend with supply chain uncertainty.We also suggest that the strategic and tactical modeling paradigms employed in supply chain decision support systems are inadequate in many operational environments because of the manner in which uncertainty is treated. Furthermore, collaborative relationships that focus on reducing the uncertainty in operating environments by employing improved information systems and business processes will result in more efficient allocation of key resources, faster response times to market forces, and more reliable supply chain performance; however, these collaborative arrangements by themselves cannot compensate for fundamentally flawed and operationally ineffective manufacturing and distribution environments.     

电子商务环境下供应链协作策略研究综述

随着电子商务的迅速发展,大量的电子商务市场也应运而生,为供应商提供了新的销售渠道,也同时改变了供应链的结构和模式,传统的供应链协作理论在新的形势下遇到了挑战。越来越多的学者开始把注意力转向电子商务环境下的供应链理论的研究,因此,文章基于目前这一形式,阅读大量关于这方面的最新文献,对目前的研究进展进行了总结,并提出了今后研究的方向和需进一步研究的问题。     

Study on product quality tracing technology in supply chain

Nowadays, the product quality collaborative control technology in supply chain have been concentrated on by many researchers, however, tracing is still a less talking topic among them. Aiming to solve the quality tracing problem in supply chain, a methodology of designing information systems for traceability is proposed in this paper. Based on the former theories, the structures and models of quality tracing in supply chain are firstly introduced, also with a deep discussion on failure diagnosis technology and tracing system design, then a product quality tracing system in supply chain is established, which can provide an easier way and a new sight for the quality control in SCM (Supply Chain Management). Finally, a sample system is showed to illustrate the methodology.     

区块链在供应链管理中的应用综述

供应链管理面临诸多挑战：保证产品信息的完整性、真实性和透明度;上下游企业之间的信任管理;企业交互过程中的隐私保护等等。而伴随区块链技术的问世,其为供应链的诸多挑战提供了完美的解决方案,但是依旧存在一些挑战。该文对区块链在供应链管理中的应用进行了系统化的综述分析;论述了当前供应链管理的技术与实施面临的问题,在此基础上分析了传统解决方案的不足以及区块链技术的相关优势。系统阐述了当前区块链主流的应用框架与原理,比较各个技术之间的差异。对不同行业的供应链进行了系统的分析,全面阐述了近年来区块链在不同行业供应链管理中的解决方案,并对不同解决方案的优缺点进行了系统化的分析与比较,重点分析区块链在不同行业的系统中的所发挥的功能与优势,以对区块链在供应链管理中的应用发展提供指南。     

A systematic approach for supply chain improvement using design structure matrix

Supply chain is a complex system that involves many system elements from various functional areas. Performance of a supply chain heavily depends on the effectiveness of communication and coordination among these system elements and functional areas. However, a large and complex supply chain usually makes it difficult to coordinate and thus degrades its performance. This paper focuses on the development of a systematic approach with the following objectives: (1) to identify and quantify the interactions among the system elements in a supply chain; (2) to decompose the large interdependent group of system elements into smaller and manageable sub-groups; and thus (3) to improve the structure of the supply chain system. A supply chain system is first decomposed into subsystems and system elements from which the interactions (i.e., independent, dependent and interdependent relationships) are studied and documented by design structure matrix (DSM). Next, the interaction strengths among the related system elements are quantified. Cluster analysis is used to decompose the large interdependent group into smaller ones in order to provide a better supply chain system structure. The effectiveness of this systematic approach is demonstrated by an illustrative example. The result shows that it is able to improve the system structure of a supply chain that will be useful for the supply chain reengineering.     

基于区块链的游戏软件产品版权保护研究

目前关于区块链应用场景和理念设计的研究较多,但基于供应链协调视角揭示区块链应用的影响仍较缺乏。以游戏软件产品供应链为例,探讨了区块链场景下在线渠道消费者购买效用折扣系数和盗版用户效用折扣系数对均衡价格、均衡利润的影响。结果表明,供应商的利润提高幅度最大,提高量弥补了零售商的损失量,因此供应链整体利润得到优化。此外,通过构建并求解区块链场景下某类仿制软件供应链均衡价格和均衡利润模型,发现仿制软件供应商的价格优势不再明显,甚至消失。最后,考虑到零售商在区块链场景下均衡利润减少的事实,针对性地提出各成员基于供应链协调分配利润角度的相关对策建议。     

产出不确定的农产品供应链协调问题研究

目前关于供应链协调的研究大都基于产出确定的情形,但是现实中却存在很多产出不确定的情形,对此,研究了在产出不确定的背景下农产品供应链的协调问题.首先以期望收益最大化为目标建立数学模型;然后从理论上证明了集中决策下系统存在最优计划生产量,在分散无协调时存在均衡解以及分散有协调情况下风险分担契约能够实现供应链的协调;最后通过实例验证了所提理论的合理性.     

从复杂性的角度分析供应链管理问题

供应链是企业适应市场环境变化而产生的运作模式,也是企业之间竞争与协同发展的产物。供应链是由多个企业组成的复杂供需网络,因此它属于开放的复杂巨系统的范畴,而处理开放的复杂巨系统的有效方法是综合集成研讨体系。该文首先介绍了复杂性的研究情况;分析了供应链的复杂性;指出供应链是一个开放的复杂巨系统;提出用综合集成研讨厅体系的思想研究供应链管理问题,为供应链管理问题的研究提供了一个新的思路。