胡萝卜片的微波干燥工艺条件优化

对胡萝卜片的微波干燥工艺条件进行了初步研究，通过单因素及正交试验探讨了不同微波处理对胡萝卜片的失水率、感官品质、复水性等的影响，得到了微波干燥胡萝卜片的最佳工艺条件。     

胡萝卜片的微波干燥工艺条件优化

对胡萝卜片的微波干燥工艺条件进行了初步研究,通过单因素及正交试验探讨了不同微波处理对胡萝卜片的失水率、感官品质、复水性等的影响,得到了微波干燥胡萝卜片的最佳工艺条件。     

酒糟干燥加工工艺与设备

曲酒糟、啤酒糟、酒精糟等都是宝贵的饲料原料。长期以来,因其水分含量高,不便加工、贮存、运输而被丢弃或利用率不高。我们从1987年开始进行酒糟干燥的工程设计,现已先     

岭南特色水果干燥加工技术研究进展

岭南特色水果采后较易腐败变质,而采用干燥加工技术将其制成干制品可有效延长货架期,降低运输成本,提高产品价值。对目前常用的岭南特色水果干燥加工技术(热风干燥、热泵干燥、微波干燥、喷雾干燥、冷冻干燥和联合干燥)及其优缺点,以及不同干燥加工技术对岭南特色水果干制品品质的影响进行综述,认为,干燥温度是影响水果干制品品质的关键因素,热风干燥操作简单,但高温会使水果干制品品质下降;热泵干燥对水果的感官品质影响较小,适用于热敏性水果的干燥;微波干燥效率较高,但过高的干燥功率易使水果干制品表面焦糊;喷雾干燥效率较高且处理量较大,制得的果粉品质较好;冷冻干燥能够最大限度地保持水果原有的风味和营养成分,但能源消耗大;联合干燥可结合单一干燥技术的优点,提高干燥效率,减少能源消耗,同时提升水果干制品品质,但最佳工艺参数需经大量实验加以确定。未来应结合高新干燥技术和设备,联合单一干燥技术的优点,针对水果的不同特性采用合适的干燥加工技术并优化联合干燥工艺,提高干燥效率和干制品品质稳定性,以期为岭南特色水果干燥加工技术的创新发展提供参考。     

水果纸干燥技术研究进展

水果纸是新鲜水果经过打浆、熬煮和干燥后制成的脱水干果纸状薄片小吃。干燥是最古老的食品保存方法之一,可去除水果中的水分,延迟其贮藏期限供全年食用。最常见的干燥方式包括热风干燥、真空干燥、冷冻干燥及联合干燥技术。干燥过程的能源效率和水果纸的品质是水果干燥中需考虑的重要因素。本文归纳了可用于水果纸干燥的热风干燥、冷冻干燥、真空干燥、微波干燥、红外辐射干燥和折射窗干燥的研究现状以及水果纸的预处理方法和干燥工艺对其形态、质构、营养成分的影响,旨在提高水果纸的干燥效率,最大限度地保留水果的活性成分,为今后食品行业中进一步研究水果纸的干燥加工提供参考。     

干燥对谷物加工特性的影响

干燥除了导致谷物的物理特性、理化特性发生变化外,对谷物的加工特性也会产生影响。从干燥工艺、干燥条件、缓苏条件3个方面介绍了干燥对稻谷整精米率(HRY)的影响;从湿磨加工特性、干磨加工特性以及淀粉发酵特性3个方面论述了干燥对玉米加工特性的影响;从制粉特性、面团特性、面包烘焙特性3个方面综述了干燥对小麦加工特性的影响。     

真空微波干燥金针菇的工艺研究

初步研究了微波真空干燥金针菇的工艺条件,分析了不同工艺参数下水分变化规律,对不同干燥方式下产品的理化指标和感官指标进行了评价。结果表明:在1.2kW、-75kPa、100g条件下干燥能较好地保留金针菇原有的营养物质且复水性较好。真空微波干燥的金针菇多项指标明显优于热风干燥且与冻干接近,干燥效率高。     

绿芦笋真空干燥工艺研究

主要研究了绿芦笋的真空干燥工艺条件,以漂烫温度、漂烫时间、干燥温度和工作压力为因素,通过L16(45)正交试验,确定漂烫和真空干燥的最佳工艺条件为85℃热水中漂烫4min、干燥温度为75℃、工作压力为0.03MPa。     

枸杞菜热风干燥工艺研究

研究枸杞菜的热风干燥工艺条件,通过试验确定0.04%Zn(CHCOO)2和0.02%Na2SO3为混合护色剂,保硬剂为0.3?Cl2溶液,保硬浸泡时间为20min。并运用L9(33)正交试验确定漂烫和干燥的最佳工艺条件为95℃热水中漂烫2min,干燥温度为85～95℃。     

桃脆片的微波真空干燥工艺研究

为提高果蔬干制产品质量,降低干燥能耗,通过单因素及正交实验,研究了微波功率、干燥时间、物料厚度对桃脆片干燥特性的影响,确定了桃片微波真空干燥的最佳工艺条件,并将热风干燥桃片和微波真空干燥桃片在产品外观、营养成分、质构方面进行比较,结果表明:最佳工艺条件为微波功率600W,切片厚度3mm,干燥时间120min。微波真空干燥更适合于桃脆片产品的干燥,其产品的各项物理、化学性质均优于热风干燥产品。     

先进果蔬脱水技术

<正> 自古以来,人们已开始利用脱水干燥的方法把食物脱去水份,以延长食物的保存期。发展至今,先进的脱水工艺设备,可以在受控制的环境下处理多样化、大量的食品。脱水技术的开发,目的是控制食物内残余的水份,保证产品内微生物的含量低,使产品具有较长的保存期,而且保留产品的原有香味及维持良好的色泽,以及易于最终应用。 脱水技术可应用于不同的食品,而就果蔬食品方面,供国内市场和出口的可脱水加工的产品包括有苹果、青香蕉、椰     

酸枣全果果酒酿制浸提工艺的研究

试验探讨以酸枣全果为原料研制酸枣果酒的浸提工艺,通过响应面分析得出最佳工艺条件.结果表明,当加水倍数为5.5倍,加酶量为0.105mL/kg,酶解pH值为3.3,酸枣烘烤温度为120℃,烘烤时间为40min,酶解温度为40℃,酶解时间为4h时,浸提液最佳还原糖含量可达87.22g/L.     

膨化食品的生产技术

<正> 膨化食品在现今社会非常流行,经过崭新科技的注入与不断的改良,其生产技术与效率亦随之而提高,同时使膨化食品有更佳的质量。一般而言,生产膨化食品的过程分别是蒸煮成型、挤压、切割、干噪及油炸。     

增大无核葡萄果粒关键技术

近年来,国际鲜食葡萄品种生产和消费的总趋势是无核、大粒,而我国鲜食葡萄品种中无核葡萄不到10%.上海、杭州、宁波几大水果批发市场反映,无核鲜食葡萄市场潜力大,因为其营养价值高,食用方便,还有很好的保健作用,如维生素B12有助于治疗恶性贫血症,维生素P可防治脑溢血,维生素PP有降低甘油三脂和胆固醇的作用.葡萄中含有的天然多酚,能与细菌、病毒中的蛋白质结合,使细菌、病毒失去活力,从而达到预防疾病的目的.     

Optimisation of osmotic dehydration of 'Tommy Atkins' mango fruit

Osmotic dehydration of mango in sucrose solution as influenced by temperature (30–50 °C), immersion time (60–150 min) and solution concentration (40–60% w/w) was studied through response surface methodology. Responses of water loss and solid gain were fitted to polynomials, with multiple correlation coefficients ranging from 0.72 to 0.95, respectively. The fitted functions were optimised for maximum water loss and minimised incorporation of solids in order to obtain a product resembling non-processed fruit. Optimum conditions to obtain water removal >25% with solid uptake lower than 6% could be obtained using a 44% (w/w) sucrose solution concentration, temperatures up to 38 °C and immersion times up to 80 min.     

Mass transfer modelling in ultrasound assisted osmotic dehydration of kiwi fruit

In this study, the effect of ultrasonic pre-treatment on osmotic dehydration of kiwi slices was investigated. Kiwi fruit slices were subjected to ultrasonic pre-treatment in a sonication water bath at a frequency of 25 kHz for 20 min. Osmotic dehydration of ultrasonic pre-treated samples were conducted for a period of 300 min in 60 Brix sucrose solution. The kinetics of moisture loss and solute gain during osmotic dehydration were predicted by fitting the experimental data with Azuara's model and Weibull's model. The effects of ultrasound application on water loss, sugar gain, effective moisture diffusivity and solute diffusivity of the samples were analysed. The osmotic dehydration process showed a rapid initial water loss followed by a progressive decrease in the rates in the later stages. From the Azuara's model, the predicted equilibrium water loss value for ultrasound pre-treated sample was 58.4% (wb) at 60°C that was nearly 16% higher than the samples treated under atmospheric conditions. Fitting of Weibull model showed that the ultrasound pre-treated and untreated samples had shape parameter (β_w) ranging between 0.570–0.616 and 0.677–0.723 respectively. The lower values of shape parameter indicated that sonication caused accelerated water loss resulting faster dehydration rate. Results indicated that the effective moisture diffusivity and solute diffusivity was enhanced in ultrasonic pre-treated samples. The effective moisture diffusivity during osmotic dehydration of ultrasonic pre-treated samples was ranged between 5.460×10⁻¹⁰–7.300×10⁻¹⁰ m²/s and solute diffusivity was varied between 2.925×10⁻¹⁰–3.511×10⁻¹⁰ m²/s within the temperature range 25–60 °C. The enhanced moisture and solute diffusivity in ultrasound pre-treated kiwi slices was due to cell disruption and formation of microscopic channels.     

柚子果酒生产工艺的研究

试验以柚子为原料,对柚子发酵果酒工艺进行研究.结果表明:柚子经去皮、榨汁、酶解、灭酶并离心去渣得澄清液;加入0.6%(v/v)β-13.环状糊精脱苦,在接种量0.07%、pH值4.0、发酵温度22℃的条件下发酵7d,可得到外观澄清透亮,风味独特,品质稳定的柚子果酒.     

Influence of osmotic dehydration and freezing on the volatile profile of kiwi fruit

The effect of osmotic dehydration on the volatile fraction of kiwi fruit was studied, as well as the effect of freezing and frozen storage. Osmotic treatments were carried out in sucrose solutions until the kiwi fruit reached 30°Brix, at atmospheric pressure (OD) and by applying a vacuum pulse (PVOD), by using 45 and 65°Brix sucrose. Volatile compounds of fresh, dehydrated and frozen-stored (at −18 °C for 1 month) samples were obtained by simultaneous distillation-extraction, and analyzed by GC-MS. Osmotic dehydration provoked formation of esters and a decrease in aldehydes and alcohols, depending on the dehydration treatment applied, which is similar to what occurs during kiwi ripening. A severe reduction of all volatile compounds occurred after one month in frozen storage, which smoothes the changes induced by osmotic treatments. Only small differences between dehydrated and non-pretreated frozen/thawed samples could be recognized.     

果汁生产中膜技术的应用

膜技术是一种高效、低能耗和易操作的分离技术,在果汁的生产中得到越来越广泛的应用。概述了膜技术在苹果汁、柑桔汁、山楂汁、葡萄汁、草莓汁等果汁生产中的应用和特点,并展望了膜技术在果汁加工中的应用前景。