有机酸共掺杂聚苯胺的制备及其电化学性能

因有机酸掺杂可提高聚苯胺的导电性及其电化学性能而备受关注.分别以有机酸十二烷基苯磺酸(DBSA)、水杨酸(SA)与盐酸作为共掺杂剂,采用化学氧化聚合法制备聚苯胺(PANi)材料.采用傅里叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)与扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对聚苯胺样品进行微观结构与形貌表征,并通过循环伏安(CV)、恒电流充放电(GCD)及...     

有机磺酸掺杂聚苯胺的光电性能

对十二烷基苯磺酸（ Ｄ Ｂ Ｓ Ａ） 掺杂的聚苯胺进行了光电性能测试,结果表明： Ｄ Ｂ Ｓ Ａ 掺杂的聚苯胺在光照射下,光生载流子明显增大;感光材料的加入有利于聚苯胺在可见光区的吸收,并增加其导电性。对 Ａｌ－ Ｐ Ａｎ － Ｄ Ｂ Ｓ Ａ－ Ａｌ 结构的介电弛豫研究表明,在 Ｄ Ｂ Ｓ Ａ 掺杂聚苯胺的薄膜中存在空间电荷极化现象。通过理论计算与测试得知,掺杂态聚苯胺的寿命为微秒级, 迁移率为１ ×１０ － ３ ～１ ×１０ － １ ｃｍ ２／（ Ｖ·ｓ） 。从聚苯胺的电导率与温度关系中得到该材料的活化能,并分析了掺杂态聚苯胺的导电机理。     

导电聚苯胺在微波场中的升温特性

本文研究了微波辐照下导电聚苯胺的升温特性。研究表明 ,导电聚苯胺在微波场中具有快速升温的特点 ,升温速度与掺杂剂的种类、掺杂酸的浓度、聚苯胺的导电率、合成聚苯胺的温度等因素有关。盐酸掺杂聚苯胺热稳定性较差 ,在微波场中不能反复升温 ,而热稳定性较好的DBSA掺杂的聚苯胺具有一定的反复升温能力     

可溶性纳米PANI-DBSA复合物光电性能研究

通过乳液聚合法制备纳米聚苯胺,使用十二烷基苯磺酸(DBSA)作为掺杂剂,在聚苯胺链上引入直链烷基,得到可溶性纳米聚苯胺(PANI-DBSA)复合物。研究了DBSA含量对PANI-DBSA复合物溶解度和电导率的影响,及制备过程中聚苯胺的生成和最终产物的紫外-可见光特征。结果表明:聚苯胺颗粒分散性好,粒径为20～100nm,当DBSA与苯胺单体摩尔比为3.0时,聚合物在甲苯中的溶解度最高为3.76%,当DBSA与苯胺单体摩尔比为1.0,聚合物导电性最好,电导率为250.4S/m。PANI-DBSA复合物在波长300～800nm具有良好的吸收性能。     

质子酸掺杂聚苯胺的制备及其常温气敏性能

以苯胺为单体,过硫酸铵为氧化剂,采用化学氧化聚合法,在酸性介质中合成了聚苯胺。并用FT-IR光谱和UV-Vis光谱对聚苯胺掺杂前后的结构变化进行了分析,研究了不同质子酸掺杂对聚苯胺气敏性能的影响。结果表明,经质子酸掺杂后的聚苯胺,在室温下对NH3具有较好的灵敏度,其中结果最好的1mol/LH2SO4掺杂的聚苯胺对500×10–6NH3的灵敏度达到了10.86。     

含酞菁功能基聚苯胺的光电性能

对用酞菁铜功能基改性的两种分子结构的聚苯胺( 掺杂型和接枝型) 进行了光电性能的测量。根据紫外吸收谱发现,用酞菁铜磺酰氯接枝的聚苯胺和酞菁铜磺酸掺杂的聚苯胺均在可见光区、近红外区具有较强的吸收。使用光源照射改性后的聚苯胺片材及薄膜,光电流显著增长,酞菁铜磺酰氯接枝的聚苯胺经照射后光电流最大可达到10 m A( 电压为0 .5 V) 。可见,用酞菁铜功能基改性的聚苯胺光电导性能得到改善。     

复合氧化剂界面聚合制备导电聚苯胺纳米纤维

利用盐酸和四氯化碳的水/油两相界面,以过硫酸铵(APS)和重铬酸钾为复合氧化剂,首次采用复合氧化剂界面聚合法制备纳米纤维状聚苯胺(PANI)。研究了复合氧化剂配比对掺杂态聚苯胺电导率和产率的影响。结果表明,在室温下,当采用摩尔分数90%APS和10%重铬酸钾复合氧化剂时,产物形貌呈网状纤维状,直径为50～80 nm,长度为500 nm至几微米不等,电导率和产率分别为1.89 S/cm,49.03%。     

纳米WO_3/聚苯胺复合材料的制备及气敏性能

用过硫酸铵作为氧化剂,通过界面聚合法制备纳米聚苯胺,并进一步通过水热法制备了纳米WO3/聚苯胺复合材料。通过XRD、FTIR、TG-DTA、SEM等手段对不同聚苯胺掺杂(质量分数为1%,5%,10%)的WO3/聚苯胺复合材料进行了表征,并进行了气敏性能研究。结果显示,合成的球状纳米WO3包覆棒状聚苯胺核-壳结构复合材料主晶相为正交晶系,晶粒大小约为20 nm;掺杂质量分数10%的聚苯胺后,主晶相变为六方晶系,晶粒大小为15 nm左右。复合材料的分解温度提高到262℃左右。气敏性能研究表明,复合材料在室温对三甲胺显示出较好的气敏性能,对体积分数200×10–6的三甲胺的灵敏度达到4.8。     

有机电解液聚苯胺-炭混合电容器性能研究

采用化学氧化法合成盐酸掺杂聚苯胺,经NaOH溶液去掺杂后制得本征态聚苯胺(PANI)。以PANI为正极材料,活性炭为负极材料,使用1 mol/L LiPF6/(DMC+EC)有机电解液组装了混合电容器。通过循环伏安、交流阻抗、恒流充放电、循环寿命及漏电流等手段,对混合电容器的电化学性能进行了测试。结果表明,充电截止电压在1.5 V时,电容器比容量最高可达36.0 F/g,1 100次充放电循环后比容量保持在初始容量的94.2%。     

石墨烯/聚苯胺纳米复合材料的制备及防腐应用研究进展

导电聚苯胺(PANI)具有易合成、易掺杂等特点,石墨烯(GR)及石墨烯衍生材料具有较高的比表面积、良好的导电性、优异的防液体渗漏等物理和化学性质。两者的复合材料表现出优异的机械、电化学、防腐蚀等性能,引起了广泛的关注。介绍了石墨烯/聚苯胺纳米复合材料的制备方法、影响石墨烯/聚苯胺性能的主要因素以及石墨烯/聚苯胺纳米复合材料在防腐中的应用。系统总结了石墨烯/聚苯胺的防腐机理以及在不同基体涂料中的防腐改性,石墨烯的存在增加了腐蚀介质(如H2O和O2)渗透路径的曲折程度,减缓了金属腐蚀速度,从而提高涂料防腐效率。石墨烯/聚苯胺复合材料在防腐方面具有广阔的应用前景,对石墨烯/聚苯胺的复合状态、防腐机理、环境适应性的深入研究是未来该材料的发展方向。     

Photoelectric Property of Polyaniline Doped with Organic Sulphonic Acid

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Electrospun Polyaniline Fibers as Highly Sensitive Room Temperature Chemiresistive Sensors for Ammonia and Nitrogen Dioxide Gases

Electrospun polyaniline (PAni) fibers doped with different levels of (+)‐camphor‐10‐sulfonic acid (HCSA) are fabricated and evaluated as chemiresistive gas sensors. The experimental results, based on both sensitivity and response time, show that doped PAni fibers are excellent ammonia sensors and that undoped PAni fibers are excellent nitrogen dioxide sensors. The fibers exhibit changes in measured resistances up to 60‐fold for ammonia sensing, and more than five orders of magnitude for nitrogen dioxide sensing, with characteristic response times on the order of one minute in both cases. A time‐dependent reaction‐diffusion model is used to extract physical parameters from fitting experimental sensor data. The model is then used to illustrate the selection of optimal material design parameters for gas sensing by nanofibers.     

Emeraldine Base Polyaniline as an Alternative to Poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene) as a Hole‐Transporting Layer

The device physics of bilayer polymer light emitting diodes containing either poly[2‐methoxy‐5‐(2‐ethylhexyloxy)‐1,4‐phenylenevinylene] or ladder‐type methyl‐poly(p‐phenylene) active layers have been determined. The active layer was consistent in thickness and general preparation whilst hole transporting layers spin cast from emeraldine base polyaniline protonated with camphorsulfonic acid, emeraldine base polyaniline protonated with 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl‐1‐propanesulfonic acid, and emeraldine base polyaniline protonated with polystyrene sulfonated acid, in various ratios of polyaniline to counter ion, were used in order to determine how various spin‐processible polyaniline layers performed relative to a commercially available polystyrene sulfonated acid doped poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene layer. For poly[2‐methoxy‐5‐(2‐ethylhexyloxy)‐1,4‐phenylenevinylene] light‐emitting diodes we observe an improvement in performance when using emeraldine base polyaniline protonated with polystyrene sulfonated acid relative to poly(3,4‐ethylenedioxythiophene protonated with polystyrene sulfonated acid, with a maximum device external quantum efficiency of 0.6362 % at a current density of 20.18 mA/cm².     

银-DBSA掺杂聚苯胺的制备及应用研究

采用苯胺,过（二）硫酸铵（NH4）2S2O8、硝酸银AgNO3、甲醛、十二烷基苯磺酸钠等为原料,合成了银-DBSA掺杂的聚苯胺。最佳合成的具体条件：反应温度在0～5℃下,苯胺、（NH4）2S2O8和十二烷基本磺酸钠摩尔比为4：4：1,加入的AgNO3的物质的量为苯胺的10%,反应4.5小时后,再加适量的甲醛还原得到银-DBSA掺杂聚苯胺。样品的IR光谱表明,通过还原后峰型和峰位都发生了明显的变化。样品的XRD分析知,银-DBSA掺杂聚苯胺有很强的金属元素银的峰,样品的SEM表明,还原得到的银-DBSA掺杂聚苯胺的颗粒度更小,且有许多银白色的银粒分散在高聚物大分子中。样品的TG热分析表明,银-DBSA掺杂聚苯胺在420℃以下是很稳定的,说明掺入银后的聚苯胺的热稳定性得到了显著的增强。用四探针电阻仪测试样品的电导率约为14S/cm,因此它是很有希望用于全印制电路技术的新材料。     

Chlorine gas sensors using hybrid organic semiconductors of PANI/ZnPcCl16

PANI/ZnPcCl_(16)(polyaniline doped with sulfosalicylic acid/hexadecachloro zinc phthalocyanine) powders were vacuum co-deposited onto Si substrates,where Pt interdigitated electrodes were made by micromachining.The PANI/ZnPcCl_(16) films were characterized and analyzed by SEM,and the influencing factors on its intrinsic performance were analyzed and sensitivities of the sensors were investigated by exposure to chlorine(Cl_2) gas.The results showed that powders prepared with a stoichiometric ratio of(ZnPc...     

Preparation,Structure and DC Conductivity of Organic Semiconductor PANI—C4H6O6

A new organic semiconductor tartaric acid doped salt of emeraldine polyaniline(PANI-C4H6O6)has been obtained by the method of oxidative polymerization of monomeric aniline with ammonium persulfate in acidic solution.The structure was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared technique(FTIR) and X-ray diffraction(XRD).The temperature dependence dc conductivity δdc(T)shows a semiconductor behavior and follows the quasi one dimensional variable range hopping(Q1D-VRH)model.Data on δdc(T) are also discussed.     

Band-Like Charge Transport in Phytic Acid-Doped Polyaniline Thin Films

We explore the charge transport properties of phytic acid (PA) doped polyaniline thin films prepared by the surfactant monolayer-assisted interfacial synthesis (SMAIS). Structural and elemental analysis confirms the inclusion of PA in the thin films and reveals a progressive loss of crystallinity with the increase of PA doping content. Charge transport properties are interrogated by time-resolved terahertz (THz) spectroscopy. Notably, independently of doping content and hence crystallinity, the frequency-resolved complex conductivity spectra in the THz region can be properly described by the Drude model, demonstrating band-like charge transport in the samples and state-of-the-art charge carrier mobilities of ≈1 cm²V⁻¹s⁻¹. A temperature-dependent analysis for the conductivity further supports band-like charge transport and suggest that charge carrier mobility is primarily limited by impurity scattering. This work highlights the potential of PA doped polyaniline for organic electronics.     

Conducting polymer-based chemical sensor: Characteristics and evaluation of polyaniline composite films

A conducting polymer-based chemical sensor was fabricated by depositing a film containing polyaniline blended with polyethylene oxide and doped with copper chloride onto interdigitated electrodes in a surface cell configuration. It was found to be very sensitive to alcoholic vapours, especially methanol. Its characteristics such as response time (t_r), recovery time (t_d), sensitivity factor (σ_max/σ₀), etc. have been studied with respect to film composition, chemical vapour dosage, etc. It was found that the sensitivity was maximum and t_r minimum at a certain concentration of polyaniline in the film matrix. Although the response was quite fast (t_r < 10 s), the recovery was slow and in many cases followed a two-step process. The two components in the recovery were clearly delineated in log-log plots, from which one could be associated with diffusion and the other with selective residual adsorption of the chemical vapour by the conducting polymer moieties. These results have been discussed in the light of the charge transport mechanism and the formation of interfacial barriers between polyaniline domains.