双转子燃油流量计校准试验及结果

在航空发动机性能和工作特性试飞中,燃油流量的准确测量对发动机工作指标和性能计算有着重要的影响。和传统单转子流量计相比,双转子燃油流量计有响应更快、重复性好、精度高、量程更宽广等优点,被广泛地应用在航空领域。通常,航空发动机由于安装空间的原因,燃油流量计的进出口平直段难以满足整流的需要。因此,需要装机后对燃油流量计再次进行校准。本文通过标准流量台对安装试验件的某型双转子流量计进行校准,将试验结果与厂家提供的校准曲线进行对比,发现有一定的偏差。通过对校准结果的不确定度合成,其结果小于2‰。还得到了K因子校准特性曲线图,为双转子流量计的工程应用提供了技术支持。     

流量计校准装置的改进与再设计

以流量计校准装置为改造对象,针对原有系统中标准金属量器体积庞大、需要油箱大量储油、校准效率偏低和设备老化等缺点,将原系统中的标准金属量器替换为高精度流量计,通过总线技术分别把标准流量计和需要校准的流量计中测得的流量数值传输到计算机控制端。通过计算分析,对被测试流量计进行参数校准,然后把计算好的结果输入被测流量计中,完成校准;最后对校准完成的流量计进行再次测试,确认其是否校准成功。此方法能提高校准精度,大幅度提高效率,能提供及时、准确的流量计校准服务。     

气体质量流量计的校准研究

介绍了气体质量流量计的校准方法、校准装置.对气体质量流量计的计量特性进行了研究,考虑到质量流量计重复性、线性引起的不确定度以及校准装置的标准不确定度得到了质量流量计修正因子测量不确定度的评定.在校准过程中发现气体质量流量计具有较好的重复性及线性,可用于全量程范围内精确测量和控制流量.     

一种油流量计校准装置的运输装置的研制

针对油流量计校准装置运输过程中易出现碰撞受损的问题,研制了一种稳定可靠的油流量计校准装置的运输装置。该装置包括运输机构和锁紧机构,运输过程中产生的震动会通过缓冲弹簧进行缓冲,避免流量计校准装置内部元件损坏,保证了装置的稳定性。该运输装置结构简单、使用方便、操作便捷,可大大减少人员搬运流量计校准装置时的体力消耗,有望得到广泛的推广应用。     

德尔塔巴流量计在工业生产中的应用

介绍了德尔塔巴流量计的工作原理,德尔塔巴探头位置的选择,安装套管和引压管的方向,流量计的零点校准及在使用过程中故障现象和处理方法。     

孔口流量计正压测试夹具和可膨胀系数的研究

孔口流量计是标准孔板流量计的特殊使用形式,为环境监测领域中常用流量测量元件。孔口流量计在校准时按上游入口压力的不同,其校准方法分为微正压和微负压两种校准工况。两种工况均为国家标准和规范推荐方法,但校准出的流量系数差距达10%。夹具引入的附加差压和仪表流量系数线性度误差是导致两种校准工况流量系数偏差的原因。通过CFD仿真研究,设计对被校准孔口流量计上游压力影响较小的夹具形式和结构参数。在仿真数据的基础上计算得到适用于常用管径和雷诺数范围的孔口流量计的可膨胀修正系数公式。运用上述成果并进行试验验证,正压和负压校准流量系数的差距减小至±0.5%以内。校准流量范围内孔口流量计流量系数线性度也有0.1%左右的提升。     

基于V锥流量计压损比的湿气液相流量在线检测

针对湿气中液相流量在线检测误差较大的问题,提出采用V锥流量计压损比实现湿气液相流量直接测量的思路。实验研究了节流比分别为0.45、0.55、0.65和0.75的4个V锥流量计压损比特性,结果表明,压损比较好的反映了湿气中含液量的变化,其随液体密度弗鲁德数增大而增加,并且受气液密度比的影响;对于节流比为0.55的V锥流量计,在本实验范围内,压损比基本不受气体密度弗鲁德数的影响。建立了该流量计基于压损比的湿气液相流量测量关联式,其预测的绝大部分工况点液相流量满度相对误差小于±5.0%;当体积含液率大于0.5%时,液相流量相对误差优于±20.0%。研究结果可为建立基于单节流装置双差压的湿气气、液分相流量在线测量方法提供技术支撑。     

管道式液体流量计在线校准测量不确定度的评定及应用

本文在研究国内外液体流量计在线校准方法的基础上,选择了一款典型的管道式电磁流量计作为本次测量结果不确定度评定的研究对象。通过对其测量结果不确定度的评定及分析,确保了液体流量计在线校准的准确可靠,从而解决了在用液体流量计无法离线送检的溯源难题,对提升流量计在线校准能力具有积极意义。     

探讨制约气体流量标准装置流量范围的因素

本文介绍了计量检测中心临界流文丘里喷嘴气体流量标准装置采用比较法开展气体流量计的检定和校准工作中出现的问题,并对影响装置流量范围的问题因素进行了分析。     

GE气体超声流量计仪表系数不确定度的评定

超声流量计在工业生产检定校准中的应用越来越多,适用于管径比较大、不易拆装的气体流量计校准场合,那么对气体超声流量计本身的要求就越来越高。本文就检定超声流量计时对瞬时流量仪表系数的不确定度评定提出了一些方法以及影响的量。     

温压补偿型超声气体质量流量计

对超声时差法进行算法改进后，结合气体密度公式推导出超声质量流量方程，据此设计出温压补偿型超声气体质量流量计，给出了流量计核心系统及温压补偿部分的硬件设计。将只用于流体体积流量测量的超声流量计推广到气体质量流量测量领域，使超声流量计趋向理想化。经实验证明此流量计在测量常压空气时精度可达1．42％。     

热导式智能气体流量测量仪的研究与应用

研究开发一种新型热导式智能气体流量测量仪，对热导式传感器探头的关键问题──温度补偿进行探讨，建立相应的数学模型，并进行实际标定和测量实验。该仪器可对流体温度的变化进行实时精确的补偿。传感器探头体积很小，在测量过程中几乎无压力损失。     

Wet gas measurements of long-throat Venturi Tube based on forced annular flow

A wet gas dual-parameter measuring device composed of a cyclone and a long-throated Venturi tube is proposed to overcome the difficulty of measuring the liquid content of wet gases and reduce the error caused by the wet gas flow pattern. The flow pattern is transformed into an annular flow by a cyclone. In this study, the proposed device was compared with a traditional non-cyclone long-throat Venturi tube; furthermore, the pressure difference ratio W between the contraction and expansion sections of the long-throat Venturi tube was introduced as a parameter. Through numerical simulations, the relationship between W, the gas Froude number, over-reading, and liquid-gas mass flow ratio was analyzed, and a new wet gas flow measurement model was established. The reliability of the measurement model was verified through indoor experiments. The experimental results showed that the traditional wet gas measurement device had gas phase and liquid phase errors of ±4.5% and ±10%, respectively; on the other hand, the cyclone-based wet gas measurement device had gas phase and liquid phase errors of ±3% and ±8%, respectively. Thus, the performance of the wet gas measurement device with the cyclone was higher than that of the traditional wet gas measurement device.     

Theoretical study of vertical slug flow measurement by data fusion from electromagnetic flowmeter and electrical resistance tomography

Electrical resistance tomography (ERT) can be used to obtain the conductivity distribution or the phase distribution of gas/liquid flows (e.g. slug flow). Using proper parameter models and flow regime identification models, the measurement of phase size, void fraction, and pattern recognition can be realized. Electromagnetic flowmeters have been used to measure conductive single-phase liquid flows. However, neither ERT nor electromagnetic flowmeters (EMF) can provide accurate measurement of gas/liquid two-phase flows. This paper presents an approach to fuse the information from ERT and an electromagnetic flowmeter. A model for the measurement signal from the electromagnetic flowmeter has been developed based on the flow pattern and the phase distributions, which are obtained from the reconstructed images of ERT, aiming to reduce the measurement error of the electromagnetic flowmeter and enhance the measurement accuracy. Through the simulation research of virtual current density distribution, the feasibility of fusion of electromagnetic flowmeter and ERT to measure gas/liquid two-phase vertical slug flow is verified. By theoretical analysis, the relationship between the output of electromagnetic flowmeter and flow parameters is established. The electrical potential difference of the electromagnetic flowmeter, average velocity, volume flow rate and gas void fraction between the bubble size and location are also investigated. The fusion approach can be used to measure vertical slug flows.     

Review of certain key issues in indirect measurements of the mass flow rate of solids in pneumatic conveying pipelines

On-line mass flow measurement of particulate solids in pneumatic conveying pipeline is a technically challenging area, where mass flow measurement presents a range of problems. These problems are not normally relevant to a single phase flow, but are always involved in gas–solids two-phase flows, like inhomogeneous distribution of solids over the pipe cross section, irregular velocity profiles, variations in particle size, moisture content, and deposition of fine particles on the inner wall of the pipeline. These variables may affect the response of a solids flow meter in ill-defined ways. All of these make the design and the calibration of solids’ mass flowmeter more difficult. Based on a review of non-invasive mass flow measurements of particulate solids, this paper summarizes and highlights several key issues, which often rely on structures of sensors or measurement methods, in indirect mass flow metering of pneumatically conveyed solids. They are: (i) spatial filtering effect; (ii) averaging effect; (iii) measurement resolution and sensitivity of array structures in tomography sensors.     

Study of the factors influencing the over-reading characteristics of the precession Venturi

In the energy industry, such as the gas field, precise measurement of wet gas is becoming increasingly crucial. Many studies have focused on the over-reading (OR) of throttle flowmeter in wet gas measurement. By using the dimensional analysis method, we proposed a precession Venturi and established a new OR correlation based on the gas Froude number, liquid-gas density ratio, and the Lockhart–Martinelli parameter. Experimental tests of air-water flow were conducted, and the relationships between differential pressure and OR with liquid volume fraction were investigated at various pressures and superficial gas velocities. The experimental results show that the uncertainty of gas flow rate measurement is in the range of 0.35%–0.56%, and 90.8% of the points are in the range of 0.35%–0.45%, with a relative error band of ±2.94% calculated by the OR correlation at a confidence probability of 95.5%.     

CAN总线型智能涡轮流量计

针对涡轮流量计的工作要求和CAN现场总线的应用状况,介绍了以STC89C52RD单片机为核心,采用涡轮流量计、压力和温度传感器及CAN总线控制器等构成的CAN总线型智能涡轮流量计的软硬件设计。这种CAN总线型智能涡轮流量计能通过温压补偿实现对气体流量的准确测量与现场显示,可方便地与CAN总线网络进行挂接,实现基于CAN总线的远程监测。     

汽水分离器在碳化三段气流量测量中的应用

为了解决气体流量测量中,压缩气体时常严重带水的问题,从理论和实际两个方面,运用液体与气体在重力场中有分离的倾向,利用汽水分离器把碳化三段气中所含水分分离出来,保证被测气体直接传递到检测仪表,达到了在纯碱制造过程中三段气流量测量准确的目的.结果表明,使用汽水分离器可以有效消除因气体带水而造成的仪表测量误差,同时利用回收装...     

A CFD study of wet gas metering over-reading model under high pressure

The venturi flow meter is increasingly being preferred in multiphase flow measurement because of its shorter upstream and downstream straight sections, less influenced by the flow pattern and relatively small pressure loss. However, when the venturi is used for wet gas measurement, the over-reading phenomenon occurs due to the presence of a small amount of liquid. Many scholars have established over-reading models to correct the measured values of wet gas. Regrettably, the applicability of these over-reading models under actual high pressure operating conditions has not been verified. Therefore, this review focuses on numerical simulation of the flow of wet gas in the venturi tube under high pressure conditions (11MPa/13MPa/15 MPa). The discrete phase model (DPM) and the standard k-ε model was employed in this review. The simulations results reveals the flow characteristics of wet gas in venturi tube, which includes the flow field distributions, droplet concentration distributions and wall pressure profile distributions, and indicates that the over-reading values increases with the increase of Lockhart-Martinelli parameters and gas volume flow rate, but decreases with the increase of pressure. Moreover, the ISO model has the best performance under high pressure conditions.