加强节能管理 提高企业经济效益

周口发电有限责任公司（原周口地区电厂），现有装机容量为１００ＭＷ，其中中温中压机组两台，单机容量为２５ＭＷ；高温高压机组一台，容量为５０ＭＷ，年耗煤近５０万ｔ。我公司在安全生产文明双达标活动中，以创建一流火力发电企业为目标，用科学的管理手段，认真开展...     

贾汪PFBC中试电站烟气旁路减温减压

贾汪PFBC-CC燃煤联合循环发电中试电站的烟气旁路系统是机组启动或烟气轮机甩负荷和发生故障时高温高压烟气的安全通道,旁路中的减温减压装置是其     

贾汪PFBC中试电站烟气旁路减温减压装置研究设计及应用

贾汪PFBC-CC燃煤联合循环发电中试电站的烟气旁路系统是机组启动或烟气轮机甩负荷和发生故障时高温高压烟气的安全通道,旁路中的减温减压装置是其关键设备。文章对旁路烟道的减温减压装置进行了专门设计,采用新颖的高速文丘里雾化冷却器和小孔节流降压消音器相结合的方法,实现了不同工况下高温高压含尘烟气的减温减压排放。中试电站调试运行结果证明该减温减压装置系统结构紧凑,运行可靠,经济合理。     

CKP—100型超超临界参数汽轮机组的运行经验

苏联于1966年投运了超超临界参数СКР-100型火电机组,它作为中压机组的前置式机组,使电站发电煤耗降至315g/kWh.叙述机组的主要设备、热力系统、材料选择、汽轮机结构特点、启动和变工况运行、高压缸冷却系统、运行经验和展望等.     

600 MW太阳能协同燃煤发电机组的变工况性能分析

利用Aspen Plus建立了600 MW超临界汽轮机系统的模型,在此基础上构建了利用太阳能集热场生产蒸汽取代某一段高压加热器抽汽的协同燃煤发电模型,并模拟了4种不同负荷工况下机组的协同发电运行情况,分析了3种太阳能协同方案在变工况下的能耗情况及汽轮机通流量等参数的变化规律.结果表明:所构建的太阳能协同发电方案可在保证汽轮机蒸汽质量流量变化较小的情况下,显著降低600 MW燃煤机组的发电煤耗率,3种协同发电方案均适合对在运火电机组进行改造,是实现火电机组节能减排和太阳能稳定发电的有效途径之一.     

电站锅炉排烟余热回收的理论分析与工程实践

分析了电站锅炉排烟余热回收的可行性,解决了烟气低温腐蚀和传热管积灰堵灰的技术问题,在此基础上研制成功了电站锅炉排烟余热回收装置.该装置在上海外高桥第三发电厂2台1 000 MW超临界火电机组上投入使用,运行效果良好.     

高参数干熄焦余热发电汽轮机负胀差原因分析及解决办法

在余热发电领域,干熄焦余热发电是参数最高、效率最高、工艺系统集成最复杂的发电形式,因而也是技术难度最大的。文中针对目前国内最大的高温高压干熄焦汽轮发电机组启动过程中负胀差过大这一问题进行了专题分析,找出了原因,解决了问题,推动了干熄焦事业的发展。     

变汽温试验参数对高中压缸间轴封漏汽量计算的影响分析

针对亚临界330MW机组和超临界660MW机组,研究了高中压缸间轴封漏汽量计算值与变汽温试验参数的关系。对于亚临界330MW机组,试验时主汽温和再热汽温的温差不同,高中压缸间轴封漏汽量占主蒸汽流量的百分比从0.49%到2.42%,实际中压缸效率从89.89%到90.41%;对超临界660MW机组,高中压缸间轴封漏汽量占主蒸汽流量的百分比从0.81%到1.53%,实际中压缸效率从88.79%到89.26%;随着轴封漏汽量增大,实际中压缸效率降低。亚临界330MW机组,由于试验时温差较小,不同的工况组合,实际中压缸效率和高中压缸间轴封漏汽量变化较大;两种容量的机组,降低主汽温度工况和额定参数工况组合,得到的轴封漏汽量都偏差较大。通过计算轴封间隙通流能力,以及对比设计值和试验结果,确认变汽温工况试验时,主汽温度和再热汽温度的试验温差应该达到15℃以上,才能得到较为准确的高中压缸间轴封漏汽量和实际中压缸效率。     

BP/RBF神经网络与模糊规则耦合的电站锅炉燃烧控制

针对电站锅炉NOx浓度和发电效率的非线性及复杂耦合关系问题,分别建立某320 MW火电机组RBF神经网络模型、BP神经网络模型和模糊规则模型.采用满负荷70％ ～ 80％的常规工况进行训练,RBF神经网络有效地预测了发电效率及NOx排放浓度,平均相对误差分别为2.03％和2.41％.根据专家经验制定25条模糊控制规则,...     

水泥厂余热利用研究

本文论述了焦作水泥厂中温烟气余热发电方案研究。讨论了设计方案、设备选型并进行了技术经济分析。本文结论对同类型余热利用工程具有参考价值。     

风电系统的无功功率与电网电压稳定

论述了风电容量在占局部电网相当比例时,风电机组的无功功率调整与电网电压之间的关系,对于定速和变速风电机组的运行特性做了分析,提出了在需要做无功功率调整时风电机组应能满足的特殊要求。     

New energy power generation-wind power generation

This paper introduced the status quo of wind power and wind power generation technology. Focusing on the introduction of wind power generating system ibrational self-consistent field（VSCF）, program implementation included Alternating Current （AC）-Direct Current （DC）-AC conversion system, magnetic field modulation generator system, doubly-fed generator system etc. Among these, doubly-fed generator system is the trend. Where to build the wind farm is very important, so a perfect site is needed. Wind power generation will have a bright future. As long as the wind power can be linked to the grid in large scale.     

风力发电机组功率曲线的验证

风力发电机组的功率曲线是衡量整台机组经济技术水平的最佳尺度.功率曲线验证方法的选取及实际影响因素的修正,决定了所获取的功率曲线是否符合生产实际.文章就功率曲线验证方法、影响风力发电主要影响因素和空气密度计算方法等问题进行了探讨.     

Output power control for large wind power penetration in small power system

Nowadays, wind turbine generator (WTG) is increasingly required to provide control capabilities regarding output power. Under this scenario, this paper proposes an output power control of WTG using pitch angle control connected to small power systems. By means of the proposed method, output power control of WTG considering states of power system becomes possible, and in general both conflicting objectives of output power leveling and acquisition power increase are achieved. In this control approach, WTG is given output power command by fuzzy reasoning which has three inputs for average wind speed, variance of wind speed, and absolute average of frequency deviation. Since fuzzy reasoning is used, it is possible to define output power command corresponding to wind speed condition and changing capacity of power system momentarily. Moreover, high performance pitch angle control based on output power command is achieved by generalized predictive control (GPC). The simulation results by using actual detailed model for wind power system show the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

分布式电源与电网同步的研究

在分布式电源并网系统中,通过获取电网侧的瞬时相位信息,使逆变器输出与电网保持同频、同相。文章分析了单同步坐标系软件锁相环算法和双二阶广义积分器锁相环算法的性能特点,根据优势互补的方法,通过检测电路检测三相电路的状态,正确地对锁相环进行切换,以快速精确的检测出正序电压和相位,保证系统中的逆变器正常工作。同时通过利用单纯形法对其锁相环的控制器参数进行优化。研究结果表明,根据电网侧的工作状态,合理地切换锁相环的工作模式,可以快速精确地追踪电网相位和频率信息。     

风-水-火电互补系统中风电穿越功率的研究

针对风电容量与风-水-火电互补系统稳定性的关系问题,研究了风电机组的数学模型,搭建了风-水-火电互补系统的仿真模型.将遗传算法(GA)应用于风电穿越功率的研究,建立了基于遗传算法的风电容量的优化数学模型,构造了适值函数.对实际电网中的风电容量进行了优化编程计算和仿真,优化和仿真结果虽有差异,但很近似,验证了所建优化数学模型的合理性及遗传算法应用于风电穿越功率计算的可行性.     

风电场并网对电力系统的影响分析

风电场输出功事的间歇性和波动性,给系统的电能质量、稳定运行等造成了严重的影响,成为制约风电场发展的重要因素.从风力发电的特点入手,分析了风电场并网对系统正常运行造成的影响,提出了一些相应的改善措施.     

Output power variations with solar power satellites

The first comprehensive evaluation of output power variations expected from Solar Power Satellites is presented. The various factors are classified in a two tier manner as: deterministic (either periodic or non-periodic) and statistical (either constant with system life or changing with life). The largest variations are due to seasonal periodic factors, namely variations in the solar constant (± 3.3 per cent) and a solar illumination variation with the photovoltaic array held perpendicular to the orbit plane (± 4.2 per cent). Other key factors delineated which are being quantified presently include power reductions due to microwave power tube failure and silicon solar cell radiation damage, while multiple shadowing of adjacent power stations in geosynchronous orbit and rectenna structural factors and combining efficiency variations are representative of areas that need further study.     

Microthermophotovoltaic power generator with high power density

A promising energy source for portable MEMS devices, microthermophotovoltaic (micro-TPV) power generator, is described in this paper. The system mainly consists of a micro SiC combustor, and a GaSb photovoltaic (PV) cell array and a simple nine-layer dielectric filter, with a volume of about 3.1 cm³. When the flow rate of H₂ is 4.2 g/h, and H₂/O₂ ratio is 0.7, the system is able to deliver 3.06 W electrical power, the open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current are 2.31 V and 1.74 A, respectively, the result is a power density of about 1.0 W/cm³ (1 MW/m³). The effect of all kinds of factors on the performance of the micro-TPV system is also discussed in this paper.     

Balance of power

Energy policy in today's world is directed essentially by three main objectives: security of supply, efficiency of supply, and social and environmental sustainability. But given the varied characteristics of the many societies concerned, the emphasis in a particular region may be quite different. In effect, energy policy means very different things to Latin American countries than to the developed economies of Europe and the United States. The countries in Latin America do not yet satisfy the energy needs of much of their people, who must often rely on burning wood for heating and cooking. The additional objective of social justice and social equity becomes relevant. While some countries in the region are still facing low levels of electrification, others are crippled by insufficient investment in energy infrastructure. Finally, the region is resource rich, with a diversity of energy options (coal, gas, hydro, biomass, wind) available but unevenly distributed among the countries. Hence, cross-border supply decisions to foster the development of given technologies are always being discussed. As energy demand increases with economic development, Latin American electricity growth rates have been greater than 5% per year during the last decade. Yearly needs for investment in energy infrastructure in the region are comparable with those of the United States and Canada put together. South America alone will require about US$90 billion of investment in the power sector in the next ten years.