Preparation of SO_4~(2-)/TiO_2-WO_3 solid superacid and its catalytic activity in acetalation and ketaltion

SO42-/TiO2-WO3 was prepared and its catalytic activity under different synthetic conditions was discussed with esterification of n-butanoic acid and n-butyl alcohol as probing reaction. The optimum conditions are found that the mass fraction of H2WO4 used in the compound is 12.5%, the calcination temperature is 580℃, the     

稀土固体超强酸SO_4~(2-)/TiO_2/La~(3+)的制备及其催化酯化作用

制备了稀土固体超强酸 SO2 - 4 / Ti O2 / L a3+ ,研究了以其为催化剂 ,癸二酸和无水乙醇为原料合成癸二酸二乙酯 ,并考察了影响反应的因素。结果表明 ,它是一种良好的酯化催化剂。     

Fe3O4@SiO2@mTiO2-Au复合材料的制备及其催化性能研究

以磁性Fe3O4为核,在其表面负载SiO2,并用介孔TiO2 (mTiO2)进行包覆,用3-氨丙基三甲氧基硅烷对其改性,将纳米金颗粒均匀负载在介孔TiO2表面,制备出核壳型纳米Fe3O4@SiO2 @mTiO2 -Au复合材料。用透射电镜(TEM)、振动样品磁强计(VSM)、X射线光电子能谱分析(XPS)和X射线衍射分析(XRD)等对样品进行表征,确认了核壳结构的存在,尺寸约3 nm的纳米金负载在表面。催化活性测试结果表明,该材料对对硝基苯酚在25 min内降解率达83%,对铁氰酸钾在30 min内降解率达84%。     

g-C3N4/TiO2纳米管阵列的制备及光催化性能的研究

目的 获得在可见光下光催化活性较好,且可回收、可重复利用的光催化材料。方法 在钛基底上采用阳极氧化法制备TiO2纳米管阵列（TiO2 NTAs）,将TiO2 NTAs在10%尿素溶液中浸渍不同时间后,在氮气保护下高温热分解,制备g-C3N4/TiO2 NTAs复合薄膜。采用XRD、SEM、TEM对复合薄膜进行物相及形貌的表征,在可见光照射下,通过亚甲基蓝溶液的催化降解实验来评估复合薄膜的光催化活性。结果 在10%尿素溶液中浸渍不同时间后所获得的g-C3N4/TiO2 NTAs样品,其可见光催化活性均较纯TiO2 NTAs有所提高,而且随浸渍时间的增加,其可见光催化活性依次增加。浸渍时间为6 h的g-C3N4/TiO2 NTAs样品,在可见光下的光催化活性最高,在120 min内对亚甲基蓝的降解率可达73%。继续增加浸渍时间,所获得的TiO2 NTAs样品的可见光催化活性有所降低。结论 g-C3N4与TiO2 NTAs复合,可以有效提高TiO2 NTAs的光催化活性,其原因是g-C3N4的复合提高了载流子的传递效率,同时也提高了对可见光的吸收。     

Selective catalytic NOx reduction on Antimony promoted V2O5-Sb/TiO2 catalyst

Quantum chemical calculation was carried out to choose a promoter which can reduce the poisoning of V2O5/TiO2 catalysts by SO2.Several atoms were chosen as candidates and new catalysts were synthesized by impregnation method.The NOx conversion rate was measured at temperatures between 100 and 400 ℃ and poisoning effect was investigated.The most promising candidate promoter, Se, was excluded because of its high vapor pressure.On the other hand, Sb shows best promoting properties.Sb promoted catalyst reaches the maximum NOx conversion rate at 250 ℃.It also shows considerably enhanced resistance to poisoning of V2O5/TiO2 catalysts by SO2.     

Study on SCR De NOx mechanism through in situ electrical conductivity measurements on V2O5-WO3/TiO2 catalysts

V2O5-WO3/TiO2 catalysts were prepared by impregnation method and in situ electrical conductivity measurements were carried out to investigate the reaction mechanism for ammonia SCR (selective catalytic reduction) of NOx.The electrical conductivity change with ammonia supply and the increase of electrical conductivity were mainly caused by reduction of the labile surface oxygen.The electrical conductivity change of catalysts shows close relationship with the conversion rate of NOx.Variation of conversion rate in atmosphere without gaseous oxygen also supports that the labile lattice oxygen is indispensable in the initial stage of the de NOx reaction.These results suggest that the liable lattice oxygen acts decisive role in the de NOx mechanism.They also support that De NOx reaction occurs through the Eley-Rideal type mechanism.The amount of labile oxygen can be estimated from the measurement of electrical conductivity change for catalysts with ammonia supply.     

Li3-2xB1-xNxO3(x=0.1,0.2,0.3)锂离子固体电解质的制备和性能研究

首次以硝酸锂、碳酸锂、氧化硼为原料,采用固相法制备得到了Li_3-2xB_1-xN_xO₃(x=0.1,0.2,0.3)锂离子固体电解质,通过无压烧结制备得到固体电解质片,并通过x射线衍射(XRD),扫描电子显微镜(SEM),电化学交流阻抗(EIS)对Li_3-2xB_1-xN_xO₃(x=0.1,0.2,0.3)固态电解质进行了表征。结果表明：当x=0.2时,采用无压烧结在600℃烧结10 h制备得到的固体电解质片致密度最高,达到理论密度的90.07%,室温锂离子总电导率也最大,为6.37×10_-6 S/cm,此时激活能值最小,为0.48eV。     

Microwave-induced synthesis and characterization of nanometer Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 solid solution for the acidic catalytic reaction

Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 solid solution was successfully synthesized using cerium nitrate,zirconium nitrate,and urea as raw materials by the microwave irradiation method and charactefizde by X-ray diffraction,fluorescence spectrum,transmission electron microscopy,and infrared spectrum.Its acid catalytic activity was evaluated in the esterification reaction of acetic acid and n-butyl alcohol.The results show that Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 solid solution has cubic fluorite structure,and its particle diameter is in the nanometer scale.As a sort of solid acid,it possesses a higher acid catalytic activity and can be easily separated from reaction liquids.It can be used for several times,and basically,its activity keeps constant.The proton acid sites and Lewis acid sites exist in the structure of Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 solid solution.     

SO_4~(2-)/ZrO_2-Nb_2O_5固体超强酸催化剂的制备与IR表征

引入元素Nb对SO42-/ZrO2进行改进,制备了SO42-促进的Zr-Nb新型二元氧化物固体超强酸催化剂SO42-/ZrO2-Nb2O5。以合成乙酸正丁酯为探针反应,考察了该催化剂的制备工艺,确定了最适宜的制备条件:催化剂中Nb2O5的质量分数为3%,浸渍液硫酸浓度为1.0mol·L-1,焙烧温度为600℃时,酯化率可达到95.3%。采用IR光谱法分析了不同制备条件下催化剂的性能。     

Preparation of TiO2 nanometer thin films with high photocatalytic activity by reverse micellar method

Two kinds of TiO2 nanometer thin films were prepared on stainless steel by the reverse micellar and sol-gelmethods, respectively. The calcined TiO2 thin films were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force micros-copy (AFM), BET surface area and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Photocatalytic activity was evaluated byphotocatalytic decoloration of methyl orange aqueous solution. The results showed that the TiO2 thin films prepared by re-verse micellar method (designated as RM-TiO2 films) showed higher photocatalytic activity than those by sol-gel method(designated as SG-TiO2 films). This is attributed to the fact that the former is composed of smaller monodispersed sphericalparticles with a size of about 15 nm and possesses higher surface areas.     

Synthesis and catalytic property of Cu-Mn-Ce／γ-Al2O3 complex oxide

A new type of catalytic material for purification of automobile exhaust, Cu-Mn-Ce-O/γ-Al2O3, has been studied. The factors affecting its catalytic activity, such as calcination temperature and the period of calcinations and so on have been investigated. Its catalytic activity after SO2-poisoning was determined in a hxed-bed reactor by exposing the sample to the atmosphere of 160 mL/min SO2/air. The study reveals that the catalyst has shown high catalytic activities for the conversion of NH3 oxidation by NO after sulfate. The conversion of NO reduction over the sulfated catalyst is somewhat higher than that over the fresh catalyst except that the optimum temperature has increased about 100℃. Also at the optimum process for the experiment, the selective catalytic oxidation of CO by NO is Over 76 % and the conversion of NO reduction is over 80 % by NH3.     

以Ti(OBu)4为钛源、三聚氰胺为氮源通过溶胶-凝胶法制备高活性光催化剂TiO2/g-C3N4

以Ti(OBu)4为钛源、三聚氰胺为氮源,通过溶胶-凝胶和高温煅烧两步法制备了高活性可见光光催化剂TiO2/g-C3N4。利用X射线粉末衍射（XRD）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）和紫外-可见漫反射光谱（UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectra ）等手段对其进行了表征。结果表明：TiO2镶嵌在石墨相的g-C3N4中,并与g-C3N4构成TiO2/g-C3N4复合材料。由于TiO2与g-C3N4的协同作用,扩大了TiO2/g-C3N4的可见光吸收范围和强度,因而其具有很好的可见光光催化性能。     

Zr4+和Y3+掺杂MCeO3(M=Ca、Sr、Ba)质子导体的制备与表征

采用尿素燃烧法制备了Zr掺杂MCeO3(M=Ca、Sr、Ba)型钙钛矿质子固体电解质前驱体粉末,经X射线衍射(XRD)和热重差热(TG-DTA)分析可知,在600℃下煅烧前驱体粉末得到纳米级细小钙钛矿结构晶体,且该晶体在H2S气氛、700℃下保持化学稳定。粉末于200 MPa下等静压成型,高温烧结6 h后,固体电解质样品密度为理论密度的92%以上。利用恒电位仪测定3种电解质片CaCe0.9-xZrxY0.1O3(CCZY))、SrCe0.9-xZrxY0.1O3(SCZY)和BaCe0.9-xZrxY0.1O3(BCZY)(x=0.1~0.3)组成的水蒸气浓差电池,电动势可验证固体电解质的质子导电性的强弱,电池电动势的大小顺序为BCZY>SCZY>CCZY;且随着温度的升高,电动势逐渐增大,但达到700℃后,EMF值逐渐趋于平缓;在中温范围(500~750℃)内,BCZY的电导率最高可达到10-2S/cm以上,SCZY的也接近10-2S/cm,这有利于减小固体氧化物燃料电池的欧姆损失。     

Li3PO4对Li0.5La0.5TiO3/Li3PO4复合固体电解质的电性能影响

利用复阻抗谱分析技术考察了复合Li3PO4的Li0.5La0.5TiO3 (LLTO) 固体电解质的离子电导率,同时还利用X射线衍射图谱、扫描电镜观测和相对致密度测量等实验手段研究了LLTO电解质中第二相的分散情况。结果发现,加入Li3PO4第二相后,尽管复合固体电解质LLTO拥有比较高的致密度,但是Li3PO4会导致离子电导率的降低。通过分析LLTO的晶体结构,晶界的微观结构和锂含量,阐明了LLTO离子电导率恶化的原因,往LLTO基质中分散的Li3PO4导致的锂含量和微观结构的变化是引起锂离子传导行为改变的主要原因。     

Preparation of nanometric CeO2–ZrO2–Nd2O3 solid solution and its catalytic performances

A kind of nanometric CeO₂–ZrO₂–Nd₂O₃ (CZN) solid solution for a carrier in the automotive three-way catalysts was synthesized by a coprecipitation method and characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), nitrogen adsorption–desorption (BET), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and oxygen storage capacity (OSC). For the purpose of comparison, an unincorporated CeO₂–ZrO₂ (CZ) was also synthesized. The XRD measurements disclose the prepared CeO₂–ZrO₂–Nd₂O₃ have a face-centered cubic fluorite structure and nanoparticle sizes. According to the results of XPS, Nd³⁺ ions can enter the CZ lattice and form a homogenous solid solution. Oxygen storage capacity measurements reveal that CeO₂–ZrO₂–Nd₂O₃ display high oxygen mobility at a low temperature. The results of the activity tests show that the catalyst exhibits good three-way catalytic activity and fairly wide range of air-to-fuel ratios.     

TiO2/ITO膜的液相沉积法制备及其用于4-氨基安替比林降解的光电催化活性

利用液相沉积（LPD）法在ITO表面制备TiO2薄膜。光电流和交流阻抗（EIS）测试表明,这种TiO2/ITO液相沉积膜具有良好的光电性能,对紫外光产生灵敏、快速的电流响应,在此膜电极上通过施加一定的阳极偏压可有效分离光生电子-空穴对。将TiO2/ITO膜用于4-氨基安替比林的光电催化降解研究,与其他方法相比,利用此液相沉积膜电极的光电催化技术对于4-氨基安替比林的降解具有明显的协同效果,适合于该污染物的降解处理。当外加阳极偏压为＋0.8 V,支持电解质Na2SO4浓度为0.1 mol/L,溶液pH为2.0时,0.1 mmol/L 4-氨基安替比林120 min的光电催化降解效率最高可达95%。     

Pd-Rh/AlCeZrOx 催化剂的制备及性能评价研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了新型Pd-Rh/AlCeZrO_x催化剂。利用N2物理吸附、X射线衍射(XRD)、高分辨透射电子显微镜(HR-TEM)、差热-热重分析(H2-TG)和氢气程序升温还原(H2-TPR)技术研究了不同焙烧温度条件下Pd-Rh/AlCeZrO_x催化剂的比表面积、物相结构、储氧量及氧化还原性能。结果表明,该催化剂热稳定性好,储氧量高。800℃焙烧4 h后,其比表面积和储氧量分别为176.88 m2/g和743.67μmol/g;1000℃焙烧4 h后,贵金属颗粒小于10 nm。分别在模拟天然气(CNG)车尾气和汽油车尾气氛围下的整体式小样性能评价表明,该催化剂可用于CNG车尾气的净化,其最佳空燃比(α)范围为0.978~1.025;也可用于汽油车尾气的净化,最佳空燃比α≈1。     

A new method to improve surface morphology of Ni-Fe-Mo-Co alloy electrode and its catalytic activity for HER

A new pretreatment method has been developed to improve the catalytic activity of the Ni-Fe-Mo-Co alloy elec- trode for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). The procedure involves pre-electrolyzing the Ni-Fe-Mo-Co alloy electrode in 30% KOH solution containing 10% potassium sodium tartrate at 70°C for 2 h, until some of the Mo and Fe elements are leached out. The surface morphology of the Ni-Fe-Mo-Co alloy demonstrates a unique hive-like structure after the pre- treatment, which has the pore size in a nanometer range (about 50 nm), a very large real surface area, and good stability. The results of the electrochemical studies show that compared to other similar electrode materials and the treated Ni-Fe-Mo-Co electrode by leaching method, the pre-treated Ni-Fe-Mo-Co electrode has a much lower overpotential and much higher exchange current density for HER. In addition, a long-term continuous electrolysis test with a current interrup- tion shows that the Ni-Fe-Mo-Co alloy has excellent catalytic stability.     

Preparation and photocatalytic activity of PANI/TiO2 composite film

1. Introduction As an advanced oxidation technique (AOT), photocatalytic oxidation of semiconductor nanopar-ticles has been widely investigated by several groups during the past two decades [1-2]. Among all types of oxide semiconductor photocatalysts, nano-TiO2 is a very important photocatalyst for its strong oxidiz-ing power, nontoxicity, and long-term photostability [3]. Some researchers have reviewed the photocata-lytic mechanism of nano-TiO2 [4-5]. Generally, when the surface of TiO2 i…     

氮掺杂二氧化钛/聚吡咯（TiO2@Polypyrrole）纳米球的制备及其超声催化性能研究

本文介绍了氮掺杂TiO2纳米球的制备方法,并对TiO2纳米球的超声催化性能进行改进,提高它的超声催化活性。改变方法是利用原位聚合法对TiO2纳米球进行聚吡咯(PPy)包覆来制备TiO2@PPy纳米球,并且在制备TiO2纳米球的过程中引入N离子,以此来提高它的催化效率(本实验超声催化降解罗丹明B),通过透射电镜(TEM)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)和热重分析(TGA)对其结构和形貌进行了表征,并利用紫外可见光谱(UV-VIS)表征了其在超声条件下对罗丹明B的超声催化降解性能。结果表明:氮掺杂TiO2@PPy纳米球对罗丹明B有很好的超声催化降解性能。